SU917830A1 - Fodder for location of cows - Google Patents

Description

(jk RATION FOR LACTIVE COWS

I

The invention relates to animal husbandry, relates to the feeding of lactating cows and can be applied in cattle keeping on farms and large industrial complexes.

A known diet for lactating cows, containing sources of roughage, succulent fodder and concentrates.

With the introduction of sodium acetate to the diet of cows, it is possible to achieve a slight increase in milk fat content.

However, this requires the presence in the diet of a certain amount of soluble carbohydrates and good fatness of animals 1.

Closest to the proposed diet is a diet containing the above nutritious feed and cotton seed addition in the amount of 2 and 2.1 kg per 1 head per day with high (2 kg / 100 kg of body weight) and low (1.25 kg / 100 kg

body weight) content of roughage. The ration contains hay 8.08–12.8 kg, concentrates 8.4–11.1, cottonseed & 2.0-2.1 kg, juicy feed 15 kg. The use of such feed for 1 month contributes to an increase in the milk fat content by 0.23-0.26 21

The fatty acids of cotton seed lipids, oil cakes and meal are characterized by a high content of saturated

10 fatty acids - stearic acid and monounsaturated fatty acid - oleic acid, which is more physiological for ruminants compared to other vegetable

15 feed and contributes to the increase of milk fat in cows.

The disadvantage of cotton seed, meal and meal is the presence of the alkaloid-gossypol composition, which is not

20 allows them to be fed for a long time. (mostly no more than 1 month) and in large quantities, and thermal processing, contributing to the destruction of 3 gossypol, increases the cost of this feed. At the same time, the fat content of milk increases only during the feeding of the cake, and over the entire lactation period the increase in fat content is insignificant. The aim of the invention is to increase cow productivity and milk fatness during the whole lactation period, especially during critical periods, causing a decrease in these indicators, including the first weeks after calving, as well as in the case of high-concentration feeding and feeding the cows to green fodder. This goal is achieved by the fact that the ration for lactating cows, containing roughage, succulent feed concentrates and an additive, as an additive to increase milk fat, the diet contains cocoa bean husks at the following components, nutritionally: Coarse feed3 37 Juicy feed8 , Concentrates 50-86 Cocoa Husk Habitat1, 6-2.5 Cocoa Bean Husk contains theobromine, which increases appetite in animals. In addition, the fatty acid composition of the lipids of the cocoa peel is similar to that of ruminant animal fat, i.e. It is physiological for ruminants. Mainly due to the latter quality, more favorable conditions are created for the synthesis of fat in the mammary gland of cows. Such husk can be fed to animals when they are transferred to pastures, with a high-concentration type of feeding, or during the period of the hunt (L56)

five . (1.10)

27 (5, 9 (11,16) 3 (3,72)

1 (0.39) 3.25

1 (0.39)

5 (1.10) 8.9

5 9 9 (11,16) 85,76 04 le calving, when the fat content of milk is significantly reduced. Negative effects, as when feeding cotton waste, are not observed. The confirmation of the positive effect of the proposed feed on the fat content of cows' milk can serve as the results of experiments conducted in the VIVARI Vivarium of the VNIIFIBIP and in the experimental production facility on lactating cows. Example 1. The experiment was carried out on 3 cows in the second month with lactate 1 and the method of periods. The composition of the diet is given in table.1. 8 preliminary period cows received 4 kg of hay, 27 kg of corn silage, 3 kg of feed. Productivity was 14-15 kg with milk fat content of 3.5-3.6. Then within 2 weeks, the animals were transferred to a high-concentration type of feeding, bringing the amount of hay, up to 1 kg, silage up to 5 kg, and compound feed up to 9 kg (P period). At the same time, productivity remained at the same level (kg), and milk fat content decreased to 1.82, 0%. When 500 g husks of cocoa beans (2.5% nutritionally added to the ration) were added to the last ration, the fat content of milk reached its initial value in the third period (3,, 6%) with Y-15 kg productivity, and if excluded, its fat content decreased again up to 1.8% with the same productivity (period). This example demonstrates the positive effect of the cocoa husk on the fat content of milk when converting cows to a high-concentration type of feeding, when the fat content of milk has drastically decreased. Table 1

Cooking salt

a piece of chalk

Cocoa husks

Nutritional percentage.

Example 2. The introduction of cocoa bean husks into the ration of 33 dairy cows in the first Z months after calving (Table 2) was studied. In the preliminary lactation, the yield of milk yield was 322 cows. 3635 kg with khrnosti 3. The diet consisted of Y}% coarse, 50 concentrated and 13 succulent feeds (nutritionally). Adding to it

For forage with ratio-feed (8.5 cu), kg of hay

eat components,% nutritionally: (2.16 KE,), 5 kg of corn silage 71. coarse feed 18, juice (1.10 K, e,), +00 g husk cocoa feed 9 husk cocoa beans 2 beans (0, ke,) for a month

The cows were fed per day: 6.85 kg after transfer to pastures.

Continuation of table 1

1, 66 husks of cocoa beans contributed to an increase in the yield of ZZ of cows up to ShZO kg and fat content up to 3, b7%. With a basic fat content of 3, an additional yield per head was 715 kg, and for an average annual population of t. The cost of additional products is 67,166.52 rubles, the cost of cocoa bean husks .6 rubles.

Claims (2)

Table 2 The basic object for comparison was sodium acetate, used to increase the fat content of milk during periods of cows on diets low in fiber (2 weeks after conversion to pasture, high-concentration feed type). At the same time, an increase in fat content by 0.3 O, 4% and yields by 2.5 kg was achieved (Use of sodium acetate in dairy farming. Recommendations of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow, 1979). Taking into account the cost of sodium acetate, the profit from its use is 1.5-3 rubles. on one ruble invested. The proposed additive gives an economic effect of about 500 rubles per ruble of costs. In addition, the cocoa peel husk has a positive effect on the first months after calving, unlike sodium acetate, which requires additional energy for its utilization, which is very scarce in this physiological condition of the cows. Net profit for the experience minus the cost of the additive (cocoa bean husks) amounted to 67,018.92 rubles. The technical and economic effect of the invention consists in increasing the fat content of milk and the productivity of cows. An additional 715 kg 9 08 of milk of basic fat content was 31 per head, the cost of supplement was 45 kopecks. The economic effect from the use of the invention is 204-32 rubles per 1 head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION A ration for lactating cows containing a roughage, a juicy feed, concentrates and a supplement increasing the milk fat content, which is due to the fact that, in order to increase the productivity of the cows, the ration contains husk cocoa beans with the following ratio of nutritional components): Coarse feed 8.5-11 Juicy feed Cocoa Husk concentrates1, 6-2.5 beans Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Using sodium acetate in the milk belly HANDBOOK Recommendations USSR Ministry of Agriculture. M., 1979, pp.3-6. 2.Grant, Moody. Cottonseed oil seedings feedstuffs. 1978, t.50, c.tl