SU906513A1

SU906513A1 - Television system for x-ray examination of patients

Info

Publication number: SU906513A1
Application number: SU802909716A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Андреевич Самсонов; Анатолий Александрович Мацнев; Владимир Иванович Шанин; Вячеслав Дмитриевич Попов; Игорь Михайлович Харитонов
Original assignee: Московский Институт Радиотехники,Электроники И Автоматики
Priority date: 1980-01-28
Filing date: 1980-01-28
Publication date: 1982-02-23

Description

Изобретение относится к медицинской технике, а именно к рентгенографии, и может быть использовано для диагностики различных заболеваний сердца, сосудов (йнфаркт, аневризмы), средостения (опухоли, каверны, спайки и др.), когда важно получить сведения о движении различных частей этих органов, и применимо в рентгеновских установках с визуализацией изображения на экране тезевизионного монитора, а также может быть использовано при биологических или иных исследованиях, выполняемых с применением рентгеновских лучей, для оценки ₁₅пульсаторных движений объекта наблюдения .The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to radiography, and can be used to diagnose various diseases of the heart, blood vessels (heart attack, aneurysms), mediastinum (tumors, caverns, adhesions, etc.), when it is important to obtain information about the movement of various parts of these organs and applicable to X-ray systems with a visualization of the image on the screen tezevizionnogo monitor, and can also be used in biological or other research performed with the use of X-rays to estimate pulsator ₁₅ d izheny observed object.

Известна телевизионная система для медицинской рентгенодиагностики, содержащая телевизионный монитор с бло-_аком селекции и синхронизации и регист- ’ рирующее устройство £l].Known television system for medical X-ray diagnostics, comprising a TV monitor with _a com Bloch selection and synchronization regist- 'riruyuschee apparatus £ l].

Однако известная телевизионная система не обеспечивает продолжительную регистрацию кимографических сигналов в избранных участках рентгеновского изображения, что снижает эффективность диагностики.However, the known television system does not provide continuous registration of kimographic signals in selected areas of the x-ray image, which reduces the effectiveness of the diagnosis.

Цель изобретения - обеспечение продолжительной регистрации кимографических сигналов в избранных участках рентгеновского изображения.The purpose of the invention is the provision of continuous registration of kimographic signals in selected areas of the x-ray image.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в телевизионной системе для медицинской рентгенодиагностики, содержащей телевизионный монитор с блоком селекции и синхронизации и регистрирующее устройство, имеются параллельно включенные блоки формирования кимографического сигнала, число которых равно числу исследуемых участков изображения объекта, причем входы . блоков формирования соединены с соответствующими выходами блока селекции и синхронизации параллельно, а выходы соединены с соответствующими входами регистрирующего устройства.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the television system for medical X-ray diagnostics, which contains a television monitor with a selection and synchronization unit and a recording device, there are parallel-connected blocks for the formation of a kimographic signal, the number of which is equal to the number of studied portions of the image of the object, and the inputs. the forming units are connected to the corresponding outputs of the selection and synchronization unit in parallel, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the recording device.

9065190651

При этом блоки формирования кимо₽рафического сигнала выполнены в виде последовательно соединенных усилителя контраста, трехвходовой схемы селекции, преобразователя время-напря- 5 жение, фильтра низких частот и схемы согласования.In this case, the blocks for the formation of the Kimo graph signal are made in the form of a series-connected contrast amplifier, a three-input selection circuit, a time-voltage converter, a low-pass filter, and a matching circuit.

Кроме того₍₁ блок селекции и синх-‘ ронизации выполнен в виде последовательно соединенных схемы согласова- 10 ния и усиления, схемы селекции формирователя опорного напряжения, формирователя координат участков наблюдения и модулятора яркости и дополнительно установленных счетчика и уси- is лителя, причем вход счетчика соединен с выходом формирователя координат и соответствующими входами блоков формирования кимографического сигнала, вход усилителя соединен с выхо- 25 дом схемы селекции, а выходы счетчика и усилителя соединены с соответствующими входами блоков формирования кимографического сигнала.In addition ₍₁ block of selection and synchronization is made in the form of series-matched matching and amplification schemes, a selection circuit for a voltage driver, a coordinate generator for the observation sections and a brightness modulator, and an additional counter and amplifier installed, with the counter input connected to the output of the coordinate generator and the corresponding inputs of the blocks of the formation of the kimographic signal, the input of the amplifier is connected to the output of the selection circuit, and the outputs of the counter and amplifier are connected to the corresponding input inputs of kimographic signal generating units.

При этом регистрирующее устройство выполнено в виде многоканального регистратора, число каналов которого равно числу блоков формирования кимографического сигнала.In this case, the recording device is made in the form of a multi-channel recorder, the number of channels of which is equal to the number of blocks for the formation of a kimographic signal.

На чертеже изображена структурная схема телевизионной системы для медицинской рентгенодиагностики.The drawing shows a structural diagram of a television system for medical x-ray diagnostics.

Телевизионная система содержит телевизионный монитор 1 с блоком селекции и синхронизации, выполнен35 ным в виде последовательно соединен* ных схемы 2 согласования и усиления, схемы 3 селекции, формирователя 4 опорного напряжения, формирователя 5 координат участков наблюдения и модулятора 6 яркости, а также счетчика 7 и усилителя 8. Причем вход счетчика 7 соединен с выходом формирователя 5 координат, вход усилителя § соединен с выходом схемы 3 селекции. _#Кроме того, телевизионная система . содержит регистрирующее устройство 9, подключенное к выходам параллельно включенных блоков формирования кимографического сигнала, число которых равно числу исследуемых участков изображения объекта. Входы блоков формирования соединены с соответствующими выходами блока селекции и синхронизации параллельно. Блоки формирования кимографического сигнала выполнены в виде последовательно соединенных усилителя 10 контраста, трехвходовой схемы 11 селекции,преThe television system comprises a television monitor 1 with a selection and synchronization unit 35 made in the form of series-matched * matching and amplification circuits 2, a selection circuit 3, a voltage driver 4, a driver 5 of the coordinates of the observation sections and a brightness modulator 6, as well as a counter 7 and amplifier 8. Moreover, the input of the counter 7 is connected to the output of the shaper 5 coordinates, the input of the amplifier § is connected to the output of the selection circuit 3. _# Also a television system. contains a recording device 9 connected to the outputs of parallel-connected blocks for the formation of a kimographic signal, the number of which is equal to the number of studied sections of the image of the object. The inputs of the forming units are connected to the corresponding outputs of the selection and synchronization unit in parallel. The blocks for the formation of a kimographic signal are made in the form of a series-connected contrast amplifier 10, a three-input selection circuit 11, pre

4 образователя 12 время-напряжение, фильтра 13 низких частот и схемы 14 согласования. Причем вход счетчика соединен с соответствующими входами блоков формирования кимографического сигнала, а выходы счетчика 7 и усилителя 8 соединены с соответствующими входами вышеуказанных блоков. Регулирующее устройство 9 выполнено в виде многоканального регистратора, число каналов которого равно числу, блоков формирования кимографического сигнала.4 educators 12 time-voltage filter 13 low pass and circuit 14 matching. Moreover, the counter input is connected to the corresponding inputs of the kimographic signal generation blocks, and the outputs of the counter 7 and amplifier 8 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the above blocks. The control device 9 is made in the form of a multi-channel recorder, the number of channels of which is equal to the number of blocks for the formation of a kimographic signal.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Полый телевизионный сигнал с выхода телевизионного монитора 1 поступает на вход устройства, состоящего |ИЗ блока селекции и синхронизации и набора блоков формирования кимографического сигнала. Со входа сигнал поступает на схему 2 согласования, и усиления в блоке селекции и синхронизации. С выхода схемы 2 усиленный си1— нал приходит на схему 3 селекции,где из него выделяются синхросигналы по строкам и полукадрам, а также сигнал изображения. Синхросигналы поступают на формирователь опорного Напряжения, который вырабатывает две периодические последовательности напряжений пилообразной формы. Период одной последовательности, соответствует длительности строк исходного телевизионного изображения, а другой - полукадрам его. Эти напряжения поступают на формирователь 5 координат участков наблюдения. С одного выхода этой схемы сигналы поступают на блоки формирования кимографического сигнала и . счетчик 7 участков наблюдения, а с другого - через модулятор 6 яркости в видеоусилитель телевизионного монитора 1. Таким образом, избранные участки на изображении объекта наблюдения отмечаются в виде прямоугольников повышенной яркости свечения и ясно видны оператору. Одновременно сигнал изображения проходит через усилитель 8 и поступает на блоки формирования кимографического сигнала.The hollow television signal from the output of the television monitor 1 is fed to the input of a device consisting of | a selection and synchronization unit and a set of kimographic signal generating units. From the input, the signal enters the matching circuit 2, and amplification in the selection and synchronization unit. From the output of circuit 2, the amplified signal arrives at selection circuit 3, where clock signals are separated from it by lines and half-frames, as well as an image signal. The clock signals are supplied to the reference voltage driver, which generates two periodic sequences of sawtooth voltages. The period of one sequence corresponds to the length of the lines of the original television image, and the other to its half-frames. These stresses are supplied to the shaper 5 coordinates of the observation sites. From one output of this circuit, the signals are fed to the blocks of the formation of the kimographic signal and. a counter 7 of the observation sites, and on the other hand, through the brightness modulator 6 to the video amplifier of the television monitor 1. Thus, the selected areas on the image of the observation object are marked as rectangles of increased brightness and are clearly visible to the operator. At the same time, the image signal passes through the amplifier 8 and enters the blocks of the formation of the kimographic signal.

блоках формирования кимографического сигнала происходит выделение информационного сигнала о пульсаторных движениях соответствующего участка органа наблюдения. Для этого на схему 11 селекции фрагмента сигнала изображения в кажДый полукадр посту- пают одновоеменно сигнал-отметка координат и сигнал изображения. Схема 11 селекции формирует группы импульсов с широтно-импульсной модуляцией С образуются во время каждого сигнала- 5 отметки, запоминающего несколько соседних строк), которая изменяется от кадра к кадру. С выхода этой схемы импульсы поступают на преобразователь 12 время-напряжение, где из Ю этих групп формируется ступенчатое напряжение, характер изменения амплитуды которого несет информацию о пульсаторных движениях органа. Качественный электрический сигнал выделя- 15 ется фильтром 13 низких частот и через схему 14 согласования поступает на один из входов многоканального регистратора. Режим работы схемы 11 селекции определяется усилителем 10 20 контраста, на вход которого, так же в каждый полукадр, поступает позиционный код со счетчика 7 и сигнал изображения с усилителя 8. Когда код с выхода счетчика 7 соответству- 25 ет коду какого-либо из блоков формирования, усилитель 10 контраста этого блока открывает схему 11 селекции и работает как мгновенный пороговый автоматический регулятор усиления зо для этой схемы.blocks of the formation of a kimograficheskogo signal is the selection of the information signal about the pulsatory movements of the corresponding section of the organ of observation. To this end, a signal-marking coordinate and an image signal are received simultaneously at the same time in the selection circuit 11 of the fragment of the image signal in each half-frame. The selection circuit 11 forms a group of pulses with pulse width modulation C are formed during each signal - 5 marks, memorizing several adjacent lines), which varies from frame to frame. From the output of this circuit, the pulses are fed to a time-voltage converter 12, where a step voltage is formed from these groups of Yu, the nature of the amplitude change of which carries information about the pulsatory movements of the organ. A high-quality electric signal is extracted 15 by a low-pass filter 13 and, through the matching circuit 14, is supplied to one of the inputs of a multi-channel recorder. The operation mode of the selection circuit 11 is determined by a contrast amplifier 10 20, the input of which, also in each half frame, receives a position code from the counter 7 and an image signal from the amplifier 8. When the code from the output of the counter 7 corresponds to the code of one of the blocks of formation, the contrast amplifier 10 of this block opens the selection circuit 11 and acts as an instantaneous threshold automatic gain control for this circuit.

Таким образом, устройство позволяет проводить продолжительную регистрацию кимографических сигналов в избранных участках рентгеновского ₃₅изображения, обеспечивая качественную диагностику .Thus, the device allows for continuous registration of kimographic signals in selected areas of the X-ray image ₃₅ , providing high-quality diagnostics.

Claims

The invention relates to medical technology, namely, X-ray, and can be used to diagnose various diseases of the heart, blood vessels (heart attack, aneurysm), mediastinum (tumor, cavity, adhesions, etc.) when it is important to get information about the movement of various parts of these organs, and is applicable in X-ray installations with visualization of the image on the monitor of the thesis monitor, and can also be used in biological or other studies performed with the use of X-rays to evaluate the pulsator The motion of the object. A well-known television system for medical X-ray diagnostics, which contains a television monitor with a selection and synchronization unit and a recording device 1 However, a well-known television system does not provide long-term registration of kymographic signals in selected areas of the X-ray image, which reduces the efficiency of diagnostics. The purpose of the invention is to provide continuous registration of kymographic signals in selected areas of the x-ray image. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a television system for medical X-ray diagnostics, containing a television monitor with a selection unit and synchronization and a recording device, there are concurrently connected kimographic signal generating units, the number of which is equal to the number of studied areas of the object's image, and the inputs. the formation units are connected to the corresponding outputs of the selection and synchronization unit in parallel, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the recording device. 39 In this case, the formation blocks of the marine signal are made in the form of sequentially opt-in contrast enhancers, a three-input selection scheme, a time-voltage converter, a low-pass filter, and a matching circuit. In addition, the selection and synchronization unit is designed as a series-connected matching and amplifying circuit, a selection circuit, a reference voltage driver, a coordinate generator of observation areas and a luminance modulator, and an additionally installed counter and amplifier, the input counter being connected to the output of the co-ordinator and the corresponding inputs of the kimographic signal-forming units, the amplifier input is connected to the output of the selection circuit, and the outputs of the counter and amplifier are connected to the corresponding by the blocks of the kimographic signal forming unit. The recording device is made in the form of a multi-channel recorder, the number of channels of which is equal to the number of the block-forming kimografic signal | | of the television signal. selection and synchronization, made in the form of series-connected matching and amplifying circuit 2, selection circuit 3, the driver k of the reference voltage voltage, shaper blowing torus luminance 6, 7 and the counter 5 and coordinates of the observation stations and mo amplifier 8. And schetmi Single input connected to the output 7 formirovate ™ L 5 coordinate input amplifier §. connected to the output of the scheme 3 selection. In addition, the television system. contains perHctpMpyKMMee device 9 connected to the outputs of concurrently connected chymographic signal generating units, the number of which is equal to the number of the studied image areas of the object. The inputs of the formation units are connected to the corresponding outputs of the selection and synchronization unit in parallel. The kimographic signal forming units are made in the form of a series-connected contrast enhancer 10, a three-input selection circuit 11, a time-voltage generator 12, a low-pass filter 13, and a matching circuit 1. Moreover, the input of the counter 7 is connected to the corresponding inputs of the chymographic signal generating units, and the outputs of the counter 7 and the amplifier 8 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the above-mentioned blocks. The regulating device 9 is made of a 8-channel multi-channel recorder, the number of channels of which is equal to the number of units of the formation of a kimographic signal. The device operates as follows. The hollow television signal from the output of the television monitor 1 is fed to the input of a device consisting of an FROM selection and synchronization unit and a set of chymographic signal generating units. From the input, the signal enters the matching circuit 2, and the gain in the selection and synchronization unit. From the output of circuit 2, the amplified sy | - nal arrives at the circuit 3 of selection, where the sync signals along the lines and the frame and the image signal are extracted from it. The sync signals are fed to a reference clock driver, which produces two periodic sequences of sawtooth stresses. The period of one sequence corresponds to the length of the lines of the original television image, and the other to its half-frames. These voltages are fed to the shaper 5 coordinates of the observation sites. From one output of this circuit, signals arrive at the kimographic signal forming units and, the counter of 7 observation plots, and from the other through the modulator 6 of the brightness 8 video amplifier of the television monitor 1. Thus, selected areas in the image of the object of observation are marked as high-brightness rectangles Glow and clearly visible to the operator. At the same time, the image signal passes through the amplifier 8 and enters the kimographic signal shaping units. In the kimographic signal forming units, the formation of the information signal about the pulsatory movements of the corresponding part of the organ of observation occurs. To do this, in each selection frame of the image signal fragment, in each half-frame, the coordinate mark signal and the image signal are transmitted simultaneously. The selection circuit 11 forms pulse groups with pulse width modulation C formed during each signal of a mark, which stores several adjacent lines), which varies from frame to frame. From the output of this circuit, the pulses arrive at the time-voltage converter 12, where from these groups a stepwise tension is formed, the nature of the change in the amplitude of which carries information about the pulsatory movements of the organ. A high-quality electrical signal is extracted by the low-pass filter 13 and through the matching circuit 1 is applied to one of the inputs of the multichannel register 7; The mode of operation of the selection circuit 11 is determined by the contrast amplifier 10, the input of which, also in each half-frame, receives the positioning code from counter 7 and the image signal from amplifier 8. When the code from the output of counter 7 corresponds to the code of any of the shaping units, the amplifier The contrast 10 of this block opens the selection circuit 11 and operates as an instantaneous automatic threshold gain controller for this circuit. Thus, the device allows continuous recording of kymographic signals in selected areas of the x-ray image, providing high-quality diagnostics. Claim 1. A television system for medical X-ray diagnostics, containing a television monitor with a selection and synchronization unit and a recording device, which, in order to permanently record kymographic signals in selected areas of the X-ray image, contains parallel-connected blocks forming a kymographic signal, the number of which is equal to the number of the studied areas of the image of the object, with the inputs of the forming units connected to the corresponding outputs of the selection unit and synchronization in parallel, and the outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the recording device.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the kimographic signal forming units are made in series of a contrast enhancer of a three-input selection scheme, a voltage converter, a low-pass filter, and a matching circuit.

3. Pop-1 system, characterized by the fact that the selection and synchronization unit is made in the form of serially connected schemes for co-las ing and amplifying, the selection scheme, the reference voltage driver, the coordinate generator of the observation plots and the luminance modulator, and additionally installed a counter and an amplifier, where the counter input is connected to the output of the coordinate generator and the corresponding inputs of the kimographic formation unit, the amplifier input is connected to the output of the selection circuit, and the inputs of the counter and amplifier are connected larities kimograficheskogo to corresponding inputs of the signal generating units.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the recording device is made in the form of a multi-channel recorder, the number of channels of which is equal to the number of units for the formation of a chymographic signal. Sources of information taken into account in examination 1, UK Patent tf Cl. C 1 A (G 01 N 21/22), 1977