SU901531A1

SU901531A1 - Jet drill

Info

Publication number: SU901531A1
Application number: SU802911907A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Александрович Друпов
Priority date: 1980-04-15
Filing date: 1980-04-15
Publication date: 1982-01-30

Description

Изобретение относится к горной промышленности, а именно, к гидравлическому струйному бурению скважин по угольным пластам, особенно на выбросоопасных пластах при нисходящем бурении струями пониженного расхода.The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular, to hydraulic jet drilling of wells in coal seams, especially in outburst formations during downward drilling with reduced flow jets.

Известен гидромониторный бур, включающий струеформирующие стволы с на** садками, опорно-центрирующий элемент, соединенный с подвижным в осевом направлении плунжером и кинематически ¹связанный со струеформирующими стволами £1].Known hydraulic drill, including jet-forming trunks with ** cages, support-centering element connected to an axially movable plunger and kinematically ¹ connected with stream-forming trunks £ 1].

Недостатками известного устройства являются повышенный расход напорной жидкости при работе на вязких углях для предупреждения образования керна и очень крупных кусков, что приводит к размыву стенок скважины.The disadvantages of the known device are the increased flow of pressure fluid when working on viscous coals to prevent the formation of core and very large pieces, which leads to erosion of the walls of the well.

Цель изобретения - предотвращение размыва стенок скважины напорными струями.The purpose of the invention is the prevention of erosion of the walls of the well by pressure jets.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что опорно-центрирующий элемент вы• 2 полнен в виде цилиндра, внутренняя поверхность которого является защит- . ным экраном для напорных струй, при этом струеформирующие стволы направлены под углом к продольной оси бура.This goal is achieved by the fact that the supporting centering element is • 2 complete in the form of a cylinder, the inner surface of which is protective. screen for pressure jets, while jet-forming trunks are directed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the drill.

На фиг. 1 приведен гидромониторный бур, общий вид в плане перед началом бурения (исходное положение)? на фиг. 2 - расположение струеформирующих стволов с насадками и защитного экрана в момент бурения? на фиг.З* вид А на фиг. 1.In FIG. Figure 1 shows a hydraulic drill, a general plan view before drilling (starting position)? in FIG. 2 - the location of the jet-forming shafts with nozzles and a protective screen at the time of drilling? in FIG. 3 * view A in FIG. 1.

Гидромониторный бур содержит подводящую трубу 1, симметрично расположенные струеформирующие стволы 2 с насадками 3, которые установлена под углом <х « 30-45® к продольной оси 4.The hydraulic drill contains a feed pipe 1, symmetrically located jet-forming trunks 2 with nozzles 3, which are installed at an angle <x "30-45® to the longitudinal axis 4.

плане оси ствола 2 пересекаются (сфокусированы) на продольной оси, а при вращении (качании) бура они описывают коническую поверхность с вершиной в точке пересечения осей.the plan of the axis of the barrel 2 intersect (focused) on the longitudinal axis, and during rotation (swing) of the drill they describe a conical surface with a vertex at the intersection of the axes.

Подводящая труба 1, струеформирующие стволы 2 с насадками 3 расположены в цилиндрическом защитном экране Ч с зачищающей кромкой 6 в его продольных желобах, образованных ребрами 7· Плунжер 8 с буртом 9 жестко, соединен с экраном 5 при помощи втулки 10 и ребра 11. Герметичность сопряжения обеспечена уплотнениями 12.The inlet pipe 1, the jet forming trunks 2 with nozzles 3 are located in a cylindrical protective screen H with a stripping edge 6 in its longitudinal grooves formed by ribs 7 provided with seals 12.

Гидромониторный бур работает следующим образом.Hydromonitor drill works as follows.

Напорная вода из полости 13 подводящей трубы 1 поступает в струеформирующие стволы 2 и истекает из насадок 3 под углом & к продольной оси 4. ,5 Давлением воды плунжер 8 выдвинут до упора его буртом 9 в торец подвозящей трубы 1 и удерживает жестко соединенный с ним экран 5 в положении, при котором струи из насадок 3 исте- ₂₀кают на его внутреннюю поверхность (фи г. 1).Pressure water from the cavity 13 of the inlet pipe 1 enters the jet-forming shafts 2 and flows out of the nozzles 3 at an angle & to the longitudinal axis 4., 5 By the pressure of the water, the plunger 8 is pushed completely against the stop with its shoulder 9 into the end of the delivery pipe 1 and holds the screen rigidly connected to it 5 in a position in which the jet from nozzle 3 iste- cabins ₂₀ at its inner surface (phi 1 g).

При подаче ставом 14 бура вперед на забой экран 5, жестко соединенный с плунжером 8, зачищающей кромкой 6 ₂₅ упирается в забой и останавливается. Струеформирующие стволы 2 с насадками 3 под действием усилия подачи, · преодолевая давление воды на плунжер 8, смещаются относительно экра- ₃₀на 5 в положение, при котором струи истекают по зачищающей кромке 6, воздействуя на забой в зоне кромки и обеспечивая его гидравлическое разрушение (фиг. 2). ₃₅ When delivering the stave 14 of the drill forward to the face, the screen 5, rigidly connected to the plunger 8, the stripping edge 6 ₂₅ rests against the face and stops. Structuring trunks 2 with nozzles 3 under the influence of the feed force, · overcoming the pressure of water on the plunger 8, are displaced relative to the screen ₃₀ by 5 to the position in which the jets flow out along the cleaning edge 6, affecting the bottom in the edge zone and ensuring its hydraulic destruction ( Fig. 2). ₃₅

Бурение производят при одновременной подаче бура на забой и его вращении (качании) ставом 14. При вращении (качании) струеформирующих стволов 2 с насадками 3 истекающие из них струи 'напррной жидкости, воздействуя на забой, придают ему коническую форму с вершиной, расположенной на продольной оси 4 скважины, и осно-_<5ванием, ограниченным размерами экрана.Drilling is carried out with simultaneous supply of the drill to the bottom and its rotation (swinging) with the gauge 14. When rotating (swinging) the jet-forming trunks 2 with nozzles 3, the jets of pressure fluid flowing from them, acting on the bottom, give it a conical shape with a vertex located on the longitudinal axis 4 of the well, and a base _<5 limited by the size of the screen.

По мере разрушения забоя в зоне зачищающей кромки 6 гидромониторный бур под действием усилия подачи, удаляя при необходимости неровности, 5 непрерывно следует непосредственно за забоем скважины, исключая размыв ее стенок.As the face is destroyed in the area of the cleaning edge 6, the hydraulic monitor drill under the action of the feed force, removing irregularities if necessary, 5 continuously follows immediately the bottom of the well, eliminating the erosion of its walls.

При замедлении или прекращении подачи бура на забой сила давления to воды, воздействующего на плунжер 8, смещает экран 5 в положение, при котором струи истекают на его внутреннюю поверхность, и тем самым защищает стенки скважины от размыва. Отбитый уголь транспортируют в виде пульпы по внутренней части кольцевого экрана, что также защищает стенки скважины от ее воздействия.When slowing down or stopping the supply of the drill to the bottom, the pressure force to of the water acting on the plunger 8 shifts the screen 5 to the position at which the jets expire on its inner surface, and thereby protects the borehole wall from erosion. Chipped coal is transported in the form of pulp along the inner part of the annular screen, which also protects the borehole walls from its effects.

Таким образом, получение скважин постоянного сечения с относительно гладкими стенками и отсутствие отклоняющих усилий позволит повысить эффективность и надежность бурения направленных скважин большого диаметра.Thus, obtaining wells of constant cross section with relatively smooth walls and the absence of deflecting forces will improve the efficiency and reliability of drilling directed wells of large diameter.

Claims

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular, to hydraulic jet drilling of wells in coal seams, especially in outburst formations with downstream drilling with a reduced flow rate. The jetting drill is known, which includes jet-forming barrels with cages, a supporting-centering element connected to an axially movable plunger and kinematically connected with jet-forming barrels p. The disadvantages of the known device are the increased flow of pressurized fluid when working on viscous coals to prevent the formation of core and very large pieces, which leads to erosion of the walls of the well. The purpose of the invention is to prevent erosion of the borehole walls by pressure jets. This goal is achieved in that the supporting-centering element is made in the form of a cylinder, the inner surface of which is protective. screen for pressure jets, while jet-forming trunks are angled to the longitudinal axis of the drill. FIG. 1 shows the jetting drill, a general plan view before starting to drill (the initial position) in FIG. 2 shows the location of the jet-forming trunks with nozzles and the protective screen 8 drilling time in FIG. 3, view A in FIG. 1. The jetting drill contains a supply pipe 1, symmetrically located stream-forming barrels 2 with nozzles 3. which are mounted at an angle d to the longitudinal axis k. In terms of the axis of the barrel 2 intersect (focused) on the longitudinal axis, and during rotation (swing) of the drill, they describe the conical surface c. vertex at the intersection point of the axes. 390 Supply pipe 1, jet-forming trunks 2 with nozzles 3 are located in a cylindrical protective screen with a stripping edge 6 in its longitudinal grooves formed by the ribs 7- Plunger 8 with shoulder 9 is rigidly connected to screen 5 by means of sleeve 10 and rib 11. The tightness of the coupling is ensured by seals 12. The jetting drill works as follows. Pressure water from the cavity 13 of the inlet pipe 1 enters the stream-forming trunks 2 and flows out of nozzles 3 at an angle c1 to the longitudinal axis 4 Water pressure plunger 8 is extended until it stops with a collar 9 at the end of the inlet pipe 1 and holds the screen 5 rigidly connected to it in a position in which the jet of the nozzles 3 expire on its inner surface (Fig. 1). When supplying 1 drill forward to the bottom, a screen 5, rigidly connected to the plunger 8, with the stripping edge 6 rests against the bottom and stops. Stream-forming barrels 2 with nozzles 3 under the action of supply force, overcoming the water pressure on the plunger 8, are displaced relative to the screen 5 to a position in which the jets expire along the stripping edge 6, affecting the bottom in the edge zone and both heaters its hydraulic destruction (fu 2). Drilling is carried out with simultaneous feeding of the drill on the face and its rotation (swinging) by becoming 14. When rotating (swinging) the jet-forming fishing gear 2 with nozzles 3, the outflowing jets of direct fluid, affect the bottomhole, give it a conical shape with the top located on the longitudinal axis k of the well, and the base bounded by the dimensions of the screen. 1 As the bottom in the area of the stripping edge 6 is destroyed, the jetting drill under the effect of supply force, removing irregularities if necessary, continuously follows the bottom of the well, except for the erosion of its walls. When slowing or stopping the delivery of a drill to the bottomhole, the pressure force of water acting on the plunger 8 displaces the screen 5 to a position in which the jets expire on its inner surface and thereby protects the borehole walls from erosion. The pulp and coal are transported in the form of pulp along the inside of the annular screen, which also protects the walls of the well from its impact. Thus, obtaining wells of constant cross section with relatively smooth walls and the absence of deviating efforts will allow to increase the efficiency and reliability of drilling directional wells of large diameter. Claims of the invention A jetting drill, including jet-forming barrels with nozzles, a zeitriding support element connected to an axially movable plunger and kinematically connected to a jet-forming stem, is characterized in that, in order to prevent pressure erosion of the borehole walls, the pressure centering element in the form of a cylinder, the inner surface of which is a protective screen for pressure jets, while the Jet-forming shafts are directed at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the drill. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate tf, cl. E 21 B 7/18, 1975.