SU89401A1 - Automatic synchronizer - Google Patents

Description

Automatic synchronizers e electronic relr, advance, coAep Kanj, its differential transformer to ensure optimal conditions for obtaining a constant advance time and with a relay system for frequency equation are known.

Such synchronizers do not provide accuracy and stability of work and have a complex scheme.

In the proposed automatic synchronizer, the indicated disadvantages are eliminated by the performance of the amplifying unit) barely ahead in the form of a two-stage half-wave electronic relay with power supplied by a ground current and with a single-coil executive relay.

On fng. 1 and 2 show the diagrams of the proposed synchronizer in two versions.

The basic elements of an automatic synchronizer are an electronic relay of a forward relay with a differential transformer 7i and a relay system for adjusting the frequency of the generator to the frequency of the network — hereinafter referred to as a frequency equalizer-frequency response.

The synchronizer by means of a relay contactor control system acts on the servo motor of the turbine speed change mechanism.

P |) and automatic control by the synchronized unit, the automatic synchronizer is activated by the contact of the RA automatic start relay through the relay RB and RBS.

These devices, which are located outside of the processor and participate in the propagation of the automatic syncro of the unit. Only prepare the inclusion of the synchronizer, including his lamp. The synchronization actuators are put into operation, if there are prepared n, epey, it carries out voltage monitoring on the tires of the synchronous generator NGH, which is triggered at 95-97% of the generator's reference voltage, which will correspond to the same value of the nominal speed from any sensor subsynchronous generator speed).

After turning on the relay, the RBS comes into operation with the forward timing relay PO and the beat equalizer relay.

From this point forward, the advance relay turns on the second output relay D before each optimum.

Make the timing of the optimum optimum; the change in the metric of the connection of the winding P of the transformer T to the resistance R- and, if necessary, the change in the number of turns of the winding in the transformer

After turning on the relay, RNG turns on the yen volnito, the idle synchro relays of RA, RB and RBS. The frequency equalizer UCH adjusts the frequency of the voltage of the synchronized generator to the voltage of the network. With an allowable frequency difference (which is established by turning off the PH-switch, turned on for the beat voltage, which turns on and off for each beat cycle), the switch is switched off (before the optimum) before you switch on. D. This activates the relay 1RB and 2RB, giving the opportunity to later switch on relay E to close the coil of relay coil F. Output relay F of the synchronizer turns on and gives a pulse to turn on the switch of the synchronized generator.

If the 1RB relay is malfunctioning or if the actuator circuits of the synchronizer BZD t are turned on at the moment when the relay D has already been activated, the 2RB relay will not close the circuit to turn on relay F and the generator will not be turned on.

In order for the output relay, synchronizer F, to be turned off (by the contacts of the RBS relay) only after the generator switch is turned on reliably, the RBS relay is disconnected through the intermediate relay RB, which has a time delay.

In the event that the same synchronizer is to be used when synchronizing on switches with different intrinsic switching times (linear, interstitial, etc.), the change in lead time is achieved with the switch I-1 without any changeover. synchronizer.

The device provides for signaling by lamps, which allow fixing the moment of connecting the synchronizer to the automatic control system of the synchronized generator, the operation of the relay of the PO and the moment of sending a pulse to turn on the main switch.

The advance relay system consists of nodes T, T, / Ci, T-i, which create an advance of the amplifier system (nodes Tz, // 1, L-2), and output relay D.

Synchronized voltages are applied to the transformers Ti and Gg.

If there are similarly the frequencies of synchronized voltages, the beating voltage K is applied to the kenotron K, but it receives the sum of the synchronized voltages.

The beating voltage rectified by the kenotron Ki is fed through a smoothing filter (and Ci-Ci) (Fig. 1) to the resistance R- and winding I of the T-i transformer. In this case, the resistance will be affected by a voltage proportional to

beating, and on the winding II of the transformer TS-voltage proportional to the speed of change of the voltage of the beating.

The resistance R and the winding II of the transformer Tt are connected to each other and to the rest of the circuit so that the input of the amplifier from the forward voltage is the sum of two voltages - a voltage proportional to the voltage of the beat and a voltage proportional to the speed of the voltage of the voltage of the beat removed winding II transformer Ti.

In the second half of each beat cycle and prior to the beginning of the next beat beat, the sum of the voltages applied to the grid of the input lamp of the amplifier L becomes negative and when reaching a certain value locks the lamp L1. Lock, lamp L, unlocks the lamp Lg and turns on the output relay D of the advance circuit.

By changing the part of the resistance Rr, between the points L and B and the transformer ratio T, it is possible to achieve a greater or lesser advance point of time. This achieves a change in the advance time setting.

An automatic cathodic bias (RK and CK) is introduced into the amplifier circuit (lamp L), which makes it possible to further adjust the sensitivity of the advancing circuit and create conditions for greater stability of the lead time for different values of the frequency of the synchronized voltages.

In the synchronization process, when the voltage frequency of the synchronized generator is adjusted to the mains voltage frequency, the voltage frequency will change (the beat period will increase). However, the time saved in the possible operating range will be almost unchanged, since with a decrease in the frequency of the beating voltage, both the steepness of the voltage taken from the resistance Rr, is proportional to the beating voltage, and the slope of the voltage taken from the secondary winding of the transformer T is proportional to rate of change of voltage Thus, the moment of equality of these voltages will always be ahead of the optimum by the same time, and the impulses to turn on the generator will always be supplied with a constant leading time.

If the synchronized voltages are not equal in magnitude, the beating voltage is distorted, changing to some constant component proportional to the difference in amplitudes of the synchronized voltages, which distorts the operation of the advance-advance time circuit.

To eliminate this distortion in the automatic version of the synchronizer (Fig. 2), a compensator was used to influence the difference in amplitudes of synchronized voltages. The compensator includes the nodes T ,, 7., K,, R2, R., R and K.I, and gives the output (resistance) voltage proportional to the absolute difference of amplitudes, but equal to the value of the constant distorted voltage.

Turn on the voltage of the compensator output against the beating voltage and neutralize the distorting component of the beating voltage, due to which the advance circuit works more accurately.

Thus, in the presence of a compensator, the sum of three voltages is applied to the grid of the amplifier input lamp: a voltage proportional to the voltage of a beat, a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the voltage of a beat, and the output voltage of a compensator having the sign opposite to the voltage sign proportional to the voltage beating.

With a difference in the amplitudes of synchronized voltages of ± 20–N, 25% of the nominal voltage of the advance relay of the proposed synchronizer gives an almost constant creep time.

The frequency equalizer UCH consists of two beating relays (1PH and 2RJ) and an electromagnetic time relay PB, controlling the mechanism for changing the number of revolutions of the drive turbine of the generator.

Its principle of operation is based on the use of the properties of the order of alternating phases of the voltage of a beating in connected three-phase systems. The three-phase RST network system is connected to the RST generator system by connecting the G and G | with grounding.

One of the indicator's beaten relays (1РЯ relays) is connected to the spikes R and Г, the second (2RH) to the R and R.

If the generator generator frequency is higher than the grid voltage frequency, the PH relay is triggered and, including the contactor I, gives an impulse to lower the turbine speed, at the same time prohibit the 2PH relay to turn on.

If the frequency of the generator voltage is lower than the frequency of the voltage

the network, vk. is relayed, respectively, to the 2PH relay and gives a boost to the cf opocTH of the synchronized generator.

Pulses, at varying speeds, are less frequently iodized than the difference between the frequencies of the synchronized voltages. From a certain value of the frequency difference, the pulse duration of the pulses becomes unchanged, equal to the time delay of the relay RV.

The selectivity of the operation of the frequency equalizer is achieved, as mentioned above, by the properties of the order of alternating the phases of nanor / kenium of the connected three-phase systems, as well as the artifi cient reduction of the return coefficient of the beat relay, when using 1SU and 2SU. Thanks to these resistances, at the moments of disconnection of the previously turned on

relay (say 1РЯ with /, - with / ceTii)

the voltage on the second relay of the 2PH beat is lower than the injection wiring pair, but it does not turn on. In the next loop, the IP relay // will be turned on again.

Subject invention

Claims (5)

1. have automatic synchronizer with electronic advance relay, containing differently transformer for the clarification of optical conditions on. Pupil students of a set time of a single time and a relay system of the q, t frequency equation, that is, with the aim of improving the accuracy and stability of the work, and improving the efficiency of the circuit. Amplifier unit of the advance relay is designed as a two-stage, one-half-period electron ioriy relay with power supply for alternating current with a single-coil unit and an additional relay. 2. The synchronizer according to claim 1, which is HI and so that, in order to adjust to the optimum mode, the upsetting winding of the threading transformer of the electronic relay is fitted with taps to change the number of turns, and to the cathode circuit of the input lamp An automatic cathodic offset is introduced. 3. Synchronizer on the NP. I and 2, that is, with the use of electrical filters in the primary and secondary circuits of the differential transformer and at the input of the electronic relay. 4. Synchronizer on PP. 1-3, about tl and h This is the fact that re, 1 system eist.ma frequency equation consists of two normal AC voltage relays, k, - | ucheypykh according to the scheme, providing an artificial increase in the return coefficient, and an electromagnetic time relay, limiting the duration of impuls on regulation generator speed. 5. In the synchronizer on the PP. 1-4, the application of the 1-m ee of the amplitude of synchronized voltages, the rectified output voltage of which is fed to the input of the electronic relay against the beat voltage, is detected in the advance relay.  I j-iriS  liflollE