SU893512A1

SU893512A1 - Apparatus for tightening large fastening elements of pressure vessel flange connections

Info

Publication number: SU893512A1
Application number: SU802891179A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Юрий Алексеевич Потакин
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я В-2572
Priority date: 1980-03-07
Filing date: 1980-03-07
Publication date: 1981-12-30

Description

Изобретение относится к машиностроению и может быть использовано для затяжки крепежных элементов диаметром более 80 мм, преимущественно фланцевых соединений сосудов высокого давления, расположенных в труднодоступных местах и требующих для своей сборки и разборки устройства малых габаритов и веса.The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to tighten fasteners with a diameter of more than 80 mm, mainly flange joints of pressure vessels located in hard-to-reach places and requiring small dimensions and weight for their assembly and disassembly.

Известно устройство для затяжки крупных крепежных соединений, содержа' щее нажимной орган и силовой механизм [1J.A device is known for tightening large fastening joints containing a pressure member and a power mechanism [1J.

Недостатком данного устройства является наличие Г-образного силового механизма, при затяжке которого ухудшается эксплуатационные свойства устройства, поскольку при затяжке резьбового соединения возникает изгибающий момент, влияющий на надежность соединения фланцевых элементов.The disadvantage of this device is the presence of a L-shaped power mechanism, when tightened which worsens the operational properties of the device, since when tightening a threaded connection, a bending moment occurs, affecting the reliability of the connection of the flange elements.

Наиболее близкое к предлагаемому устройство для затяжки .крупных крепежных элементов фланцевых соединений сосудов высокого давления, содержащее предназначенный для воздействия на фланцевый элемент нажимной орган, силовой механизм и рабочий инструмент £2].Closest to the proposed device for tightening large-sized fasteners for flange joints of pressure vessels, containing a pressure member intended for acting on the flange element, a power mechanism and a working tool £ 2].

Недостаток данного устройства заключается в стыковке устройства с резьбовым соединением с помощью байонетного соединения, что усложняет конструкцию устройства. Кроме того, устройство имеет съемные муфты, которые необходимо предварительно навернуть на резьбовый конец шпильки (болта) , прежде чем она будет взаимодействовать с помощью байонетного соединения с соединительной муфтой данного устройства, а это ведет к увеличению его деталей и неудобству в эксплуатации.The disadvantage of this device is the docking of the device with a threaded connection using a bayonet connection, which complicates the design of the device. In addition, the device has removable couplings, which must first be screwed onto the threaded end of the stud (bolt) before it interacts with the bayonet connection with the coupling of this device, and this leads to an increase in its parts and inconvenience in operation.

Цель изобретения - уменьшение усилия затяжки соединения и удобство эксплуатации.The purpose of the invention is to reduce the tightening force of the connection and ease of use.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что нажимной орган выполнен в виде устанавливаемой на один из Фланцев втулки с внешней нарезкой и взаимодействующей с другим фланцем струбцин» с внутренней нарезкой, соединенной с ответной нарезкой втулки, силовой механизм выполнен в виде сменного торцового ключа, устанавливаемого на гайку крепежного соединения и размещенного внутри втулки нажимного органа, торцовый ключ и втулка нажимного органа в месте сопряжения выполнены по торцам с глухими отверстиями с которыми взаимодействует рабочий инструмент, нарезка нажимного органа выполнена с. углом подъема, меньшим, чем угол подъема резьбы крепежного соединения, а устройство снабжено шарнирно установленным на одном конце струбцины хомутиком, $вязанным с другим ее концом посредством болта .This goal is achieved by the fact that the pressure member is made in the form of a sleeve mounted on one of the Flanges with an external thread and interacting with the other clamp flange ”with an internal thread connected to the response thread of the sleeve, the power mechanism is made in the form of a replaceable socket wrench installed on the fixing nut connection and placed inside the sleeve of the pressure organ, the socket wrench and the sleeve of the pressure organ in the place of pairing are made at the ends with blind holes with which the working tool interacts ent, cutting of the pressure organ is performed with. the angle of rise is less than the angle of the thread of the fastener, and the device is equipped with a collar pivotally mounted on one end of the clamp, knitted with the other end by means of a bolt.

На фиг. 1 изображено предлагаемое устройство, установленное на резьбовое соединение, общий вид; на фиг. 2сечение А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 сечение Б-Б на фиг. 1; на фиг..4 общий вид рабочего инструмента для указанного устройства.In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device mounted on a threaded connection, General view; in FIG. 2 section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 section BB in FIG. 1; in Fig.4 General view of the working tool for the specified device.

Устройство для затяжки крупных крепежных элементов фланцевых соединений сосудов высокого давления содержит воздействующий на фланцевый элемент нажимной орган 1, выполненный в виде устанавливаемой на один из фланцев,втулки с внешней нарезкой 2 и взаимодействующей с другим фланцем струбцины 3 с внутренней нарезкой 4, соединенной с ответной внешней нарезкой 2 втулки нажимного органа 1. Силовой механизм выполнен в виде сменного торцового ключа 5, устанавливаемого на гайку 6 крепежного соединения и размещенного внутри втулки нажимного органа 1, струбцина 3 выпол· йена с охватывающим последнюю и установленным посредством шарнира 7 на одном ее конце хомутиком 8, замыкающимся с другим концом струбцины 3 с помощью болта 9» торцовый ключ и втулка нажимного органа 1 выполнены по торцам с глухими отверстиями 10 и 11, в которое вводятся штыри 12 рабочего инструмента разводного ключа 13, а нарезка нажимного органа выполнена с углом подъема, меньшим,чем угол подъема резьбы крепежного соединения.·A device for tightening large fasteners of flange joints of pressure vessels contains a pressure member 1 acting on the flange element, made in the form of a sleeve with an external thread 2 and a clamp 3 interacting with another flange 3 with an internal thread 4 connected to the reciprocal external by cutting 2 bushings of the pressure member 1. The power mechanism is made in the form of a replaceable socket wrench 5 mounted on the nut 6 of the fastener and placed inside the sleeve of the pressure organ 1, clamp 3 is made with a clamp covering the last and installed by means of a hinge 7 at one end 8, locking with the other end of clamp 3 using a bolt 9 ”, a socket wrench and a sleeve of a pressing organ 1 are made at the ends with blind holes 10 and 11, into which the pins 12 of the working tool of the adjustable wrench 13 are inserted, and the cutting of the pressure member is made with a lifting angle smaller than the angle of the thread of the fastening connection. ·

Один из штырей 12 рабочего инструмента 13 расположен на скользящем вкладыше 14, поджатом пружиной 15, Неподвижный захват 16 струбцины 3 охватывает нижний фланец 17, соединенный с верхним фланцем 18.One of the pins 12 of the working tool 13 is located on the sliding liner 14, preloaded by the spring 15, the Fixed capture 16 of the clamp 3 covers the lower flange 17 connected to the upper flange 18.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Для завертывания резьбового соединения на гайку 6 надеваются торцовой ключ 5 и нажимной орган 1, а сбоку на фланЮ цы 17 и 18 надевается струбцина 3,To wrap the threaded connection on the nut 6, a socket wrench 5 and a pressure member 1 are put on, and a clamp 3 is put on the side of the flange 17 and 18,

I причем нарезка 4 вводится в нарезку 2 нажимного органа 1.После этого на струбцину 3 надевается хомутик 8,устанавливаются болты 9 с накатной голов-кой ,5 (или один из них, если второй уже установлен) , и устройство оказывается зафиксированным от соскакивания с фланцев.I, and thread 4 is inserted into thread 2 of pressure organ 1. After this, a clamp 8 is put on clamp 3, bolts 9 with a knurled head, 5 (or one of them, if the second one is already installed) are installed, and the device is fixed from jumping off flanges.

Затем в одну из пар отверстий 10 ^И ’¹ (где они расположены более удобно) вводятся штыри 12 разводного ключа 13, и последний поворачивается в направлении завертывания гайки 6. Поскольку угол подъема нарезки 2 ₂₅ меньше угла подъема резьбы крепежных элементов, вначале поворачивается нажимной орган 1 и перемещается в осевом направлении, сжимая фланцы 17 и 18.Then, pins 12 of the adjustable wrench 13 are inserted into one of the pairs of holes 10 ^AND ' ¹ (where they are located more conveniently), and the latter rotates in the direction of screw nut 6. Since the cutting angle of thread 2 _{25 is} less than the angle of the thread of the fasteners, the pressure member is first turned 1 and moves axially, compressing the flanges 17 and 18.

При определенной величине поджатия фланцев 17 и 18 момент трения нарезок 2 и 4 возрастает, а осевое усилие на гайке 6 уменьшается, и гайка поворачивается в противоположную 'нажимному элементу 1 сторону, выбирая образо³⁵ вавшуюся слабину. Когда момент трения на гайке 6 возрастает, вновь поворачивается нажимной орган 1, сжимая фланцы 17 и 1θ·At a certain amount of preloading of the flanges 17 and 18, the friction moment of the cuts 2 and 4 increases, and the axial force on the nut 6 decreases, and the nut rotates in the opposite direction to the pressure element 1, choosing the resulting slack ³⁵ . When the friction moment on the nut 6 increases, the pressure member 1 again rotates, compressing the flanges 17 and 1θ

В процессе завертывания резьбового ⁴⁰ соединения разводной ключ 13 переставляется в такие пары отверстий 10 и 11, какие наиболее удобны для оператора (аналогично обычному гаечному ключу),In the process of screwing the threaded connection ⁴⁰ , the adjustable wrench 13 is rearranged in pairs of holes 10 and 11 that are most convenient for the operator (similar to a conventional wrench),

Благодаря тому, что поджатие флан⁴⁵ цев 1? и 18 осуществляется нарезкой с углом подъема, меньшим угла подъема резьбы крепежных элементов, уменьшается усилие, потребное для завертывания гайки, и улучшаются условия 50 работы оператора.Due to the preload flan ⁴⁵ CEV 1? and 18 is carried out by cutting with an angle of elevation less than the angle of elevation of the thread of the fasteners, the force required to tighten the nut is reduced, and the operating conditions 50 of the operator are improved.

Компактность: устройства и достаточно большое соотношение плеч разводного ключа обеспечивают возможность эксплуатации устройства в стесненных 55 условиях, например внутри изделий.Compactness: devices and a sufficiently large ratio of the adjustable spanner shoulders make it possible to operate the device in cramped 55 conditions, for example inside products.

Предлагаемое устройство может применяться и для отвертывания резьбовых соединений.Для этого после монтажа уст5 ройства вначале поворачивают нажимной орган 1 в сторону поджатия фланцев до освобождения гайки, а затем отворачивают гайку.The proposed device can also be used to unscrew threaded connections. To do this, after installing the device5, first turn the pressure member 1 in the direction of preloading the flanges until the nut is released, and then unscrew the nut.

Claims

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for fastening fasteners with a diameter of more than 5 mm, mainly flange connections of high pressure vessels located in hard-to-reach places and requiring for their assembly and disassembly devices of small dimensions and weight. A device for sealing large fasteners is known, which contains a pressure member and a power mechanism P. The disadvantage of this device is the presence of an L-shaped mechanism, which tightens the device’s performance, because a tightening moment occurs when tightening the threaded connection affecting the reliability of the connection of flange elements. Closest to the proposed device for tightening large fasteners of flange connections of high-pressure vessels, containing a pressure member, a force mechanism and a working tool t21, designed to act on the flange element. The disadvantage of this device is to dock the device with a threaded connection using a bayonet connection, which complicates the design of the device. In addition, the device has removable couplings that need to be screwed onto the threaded end of the stud (bolt) before it interacts with a bayonet coupling with the coupling coupling of this device, and this leads to an increase in its parts and inconvenience in operation. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the tightening force of the joint and ease of operation. The goal is achieved by the fact that the pressure member is made in the form of a sleeve with an external thread that is installed on one of the Flanges and interacts with the other flange of the clamps,. With an internal thread connected to a reciprocal sleeve threading, the power mechanism is made in the form of a replaceable socket wrench mounted on a nut of the fastener and placed inside the hub of the pressure member, the end wrench and the pressure member hub are fitted along the ends with blind holes which interacts the working structure, the cutting of the pressure member is made with. the lifting angle is smaller than the lifting angle of the thread of the fastening connection, and the device is provided with a clamp, hinged at one end of the clamp, tied to its other end by means of a bolt. FIG. 1 shows the proposed device mounted on a threaded connection, a general view; in fig. 2 section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 section bb in fig. one; in fig. general view of the working tool for the specified device. A device for tightening large fasteners of flange connections of high-pressure vessels contains a pressure member 1 acting on a flange element, made in the form of an external threading sleeve 2 mounted on one and flanges, and a clamp 3 interacting with another flange connected to the other 2 external hubs of the pressure member 1. The power mechanism is made in the form of a replaceable socket wrench 5 mounted on the nut 6 of the fastener and placed inside the pressure member hub a 1, the clamp 3 is made with a clamp 8, which covers the latter and is fixed by means of a hinge 7 at one end thereof, and closes with the other end of the clamp 3 with a bolt 9, the end wrench and the bushing of the pressure member 1 are made along the ends with blind holes 10 and 11, into which the pins 12 of the working tool, the adjustable key 13, are inserted, and the cutting of the pressure member is made with a lifting angle smaller than the raising angle of the thread of the fastening connection. One of the pins 12 of the working tool 13 is located on the sliding 2. 4 insert k, pressed by the spring 15. A fixed gripper 16 of the clamp 3 covers the lower flange 17 connected to the upper flange 18. The device operates as follows. The end wrench 5 and the pressure member 1 are put on the nut 6 to screw the threaded connection, and the clamp 3 is put on the flanges 17 and 18 on the side, and the thread 4 is inserted into the thread 2 of the pressure member 1. After that, the clamp 8, mouth, is put on the clamp 3. (bolts 9 with roll-on grills & or one of them, if the second one is already installed), and the device is fixed from jumping off the flanges. Then, pins 12 of an adjustable wrench 13 are inserted into one of the pairs of holes 10 and 11 (where they are more conveniently located), and the latter rotates in the direction of tightening the nut 6. Since the lifting angle of the cutting 2 is smaller than the lifting angle of the fasteners, the pressure member 1 and moves in the axial direction, squeezing the flanges 17 and 18. With a certain amount of pressing the flanges 17 and 18, the moment of friction of the cuts 2 increases, and the axial force on the nut 6 decreases, and the nut turns in the opposite direction to the pressure element 1, choose the resulting slack. When the moment of friction on the nut 6 increases, the pressure member 1 is turned again, compressing the flanges 17 and 18.. In the process of screwing a threaded joint, the adjustable wrench 13 is relocated to such pairs of holes 10 and 11 that are most convenient for the operator (similar to a conventional wrench). By preloading the flanges 17 and 18 by cutting with a lifting angle smaller than the lifting angle of the threads of the fasteners, the force required to tighten the nut is reduced, and the working conditions of the operator are improved. Compactness; the devices and the rather large ratio of the arms of the adjustable wrench make it possible to operate the device in cramped conditions, such as inside products. The proposed device can also be used to loosen the threaded connections. To do this, after mounting the device, first push the pressure member 1 towards pressing the flanges until the nut is released, and then unscrew the nut. Claims The device for tightening large fasteners of flange connections of high-pressure vessels, containing a pressure member, a force mechanism and a working tool for acting on a flange element, characterized in that, in order to reduce the connection tightening force and ease of operation, the pressure member in the form of a clamp that is installed on one of the flanges of the sleeve with an external thread and a clamp that interacts with the other flange, and which is connected to the other thread of the sleeve with The mechanism is made in the form of a replaceable face bar, mounted on the nut of the flange joint and placed inside the hub of the pressure member, the end wrench and hub of the pressure member at the interface are made along the ends with blind holes, with which the working tool interacts, the pressure member was cut a lifting angle smaller than the lifting angle of the thread of the fasteners, and the device is provided with a clamp, hinged at one end of the clamp, connected to its other end by means of a bolt. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR, application No. 2i 71952/25-28, B 25 V 29/02, 1977.

2. USSR author's certificate for application No. 258668 / 25-28, cl. 25/29/02, 1978 (prototype).

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