SU890420A1

SU890420A1 - Device for cronometration of sets ,e.g. of agrisultural machines

Info

Publication number: SU890420A1
Application number: SU802864225A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Геннадий Николаевич Борщаков; Виктор Николаевич Долгополов; Алексей Терентьевич Табашников
Priority date: 1980-01-04
Filing date: 1980-01-04
Publication date: 1981-12-15

Description

Изобретение относится к технике регистрации и анализа затрат рабочего времени при испытании новой сельскохозяйственной техники.The invention relates to techniques for recording and analyzing the cost of working time when testing new agricultural equipment.

Известно устройство для хронометража, содержащее переносные пульты, ⁵генератор импульсов, регистратор, реле, коммутатор и счетчики [l].A known device for timing, containing portable panels, ⁵ pulse generator, recorder, relay, switch and counters [l].

Недостатком данного устройства является низкая точность.The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy.

.. „ Ю.. " YU

Известно устройство для хронометража, содержащее два датчика технологических процессов, элементы совпадения, счетЧики, инверторы и генератор тактовых импульсов, а также датчик . работы двигателя, датчик движения и суммирующий счетчик времени, который подключен к первым входам всех элементов совпадения, которые объединены между собой и соединены с генератором тактовых импульсов, вторые входы трех элементов совпадения объединены и подключены к датчику работы двигателя, первый датчик технологического процесса соединен с третьим входом первого элемента совпадения и через инвертор с третьим входом второго элемента совпадения, четвертые входы первого и второго элементов совпадения подключены к датчику движения, который через второй инвертор· соединен с третьим входом третьего элемента совпадения, второй датчик технологического процесса подключен ко второму входу четвертого элемента совпадения, выходы элементов совпадения соединены со входом соответствующего счетчика [2]··A known device for timing, containing two sensors of technological processes, elements of coincidence, counters, inverters and a clock generator, as well as a sensor. engine operation, a motion sensor and a totalizing time counter, which is connected to the first inputs of all coincidence elements that are interconnected and connected to a clock generator, the second inputs of three coincidence elements are combined and connected to an engine operation sensor, the first process sensor is connected to the third the input of the first coincidence element and through the inverter with the third input of the second coincidence element, the fourth inputs of the first and second coincidence elements are connected to the motion sensor, to which is connected through the second inverter · to the third input of the third matching element, the second process sensor is connected to the second input of the fourth matching element, the outputs of the matching elements are connected to the input of the corresponding counter [2] ··

Однако при испытаниях сельскохозяйственных машин регистрация элементов времени, затрачиваемых на холостой ход агрегата и повороты, производится в виде общей суммы временных затрат. В то же время действующими стандартами на испытания сельскохозяйственной техники требуется раздельный учет этих элементов времени; до настоящего времени опреде ление затрат времени на повороты осуществлялось при помощи ручного хронометража. Кроме того, устройство имеет большую информативность за счет автоматизации раздельного учета элементов времени на холостой ход испытываемого агрегата и повороты.However, when testing agricultural machines, the registration of the elements of time spent on idling the unit and turns is made in the form of the total amount of time spent. At the same time, the current standards for testing agricultural machinery require separate accounting of these elements of time; Until now, the determination of the time spent on turns has been carried out using manual timing. In addition, the device is very informative due to the automation of separate accounting of time elements for idle of the tested unit and turns.

Цель изобретения - повышение информативности устройства.The purpose of the invention is to increase the information content of the device.

Цель достигается тем, что в устройство, содержащее датчик работы двигателя, элементы совпадения, первые входы первого и третьего из которых и счетчик общего времени подключены к генератору тактовых импульсов, вторые входы первого и третьего .элементов совпадения объединены между собой, третий вход первого элемента совпадения соединен с датчиком технологического процесса, который подключен к первому инвертору; четвертый вход первого элемента совпадения подключен к датчику движения, который через инвертор соединен с тоетьим входом третьего элемента совпадения выходы первого и третьего элементов совпадения подключены к соответствующему счетчику, введены элемент задержки, четвертый и пятый элементы совпадения, выходы которых соединены с соответствующим счетчиком, первый вход·четвертого и пятого элементов совпадения подключен к генератору тактовых импульсов, второй вход - к выходам элемента задержки, вход которого соединен с выходом второго элемента совпадения, первый вход которого подключен к датчику работы двигателя, второй вход - к первому инвертору, третий вход второго элемента совпадения соединен с датчиком движения.The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device containing the engine operation sensor, coincidence elements, the first inputs of the first and third of which and the total time counter are connected to the clock generator, the second inputs of the first and third. Coincidence elements are combined, the third input of the first coincidence element connected to a process sensor that is connected to the first inverter; the fourth input of the first match element is connected to a motion sensor, which is connected through the inverter to the input of the third match element, the outputs of the first and third match elements are connected to the corresponding counter, a delay element, the fourth and fifth match elements, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding counter, are introduced, the first input · The fourth and fifth coincidence elements are connected to the clock generator, the second input to the outputs of the delay element, the input of which is connected to the output of the second lementa coincidence, the first input of which is connected to a sensor of the engine, the second input - to the first inverter, the third element of the second matching input coupled to a motion sensor.

На чертеже представлена фрикциональная схема предлагаемого устройства .The drawing shows a friction diagram of the proposed device.

В его состав входят коммутирующий блок 1, выполненный в виде четырех элементов 2, 3, 4 и 5 совпадения. Первые входы элементов 2, 4 и 5 совпадения соединены с выходом генератора 6 тактовых импульсов, вторые входы элементов совпадения 2 и 4 и первый вход элемента 3 объединены и подключены к датчику 7 работы двигателя. Первый датчик 8 и второй датчик 9 технологического процесса соединены с третьим входом первого элемента совпадения 2 и со вторым входом четвертого элемента совпадения 5, через первый инвертор 10 первый датчик 8 технологического процесса соединен со вторым входом второго элемента 3 совпадения. Четвертый вход первого элемента 2 совпадения и третий вход второго элемента 3 совпадения подключены к датчику 11 движения, который через второй инвертор 12 соединен с третьим входом третьего элемента 4 совпадения. Выходы элементов 2, 4 и 5 совпадения соединены соответственно со счетчиками 13, 14 и 15. Выход второго элемента 3 совпадения соединен со входом элемента задержки 16, прямой выход которого соединен со вторым входом элемента совпадения 17, а инверсный выход элемента задержки 16 соединен со вторым входом элемента совпадения 18. Первые входы элементов совпадения 17 и 18 объединены и соединены с выходом генератора 6 тактовых импульсов. Выходы элементов совпадения 17 и 18 соединены соответственно со счетчиками 19 и 20.It consists of a switching unit 1, made in the form of four elements 2, 3, 4 and 5 matches. The first inputs of the coincidence elements 2, 4 and 5 are connected to the output of the clock generator 6, the second inputs of the coincidence elements 2 and 4 and the first input of the element 3 are combined and connected to the engine operation sensor 7. The first sensor 8 and the second process sensor 9 are connected to the third input of the first matching element 2 and to the second input of the fourth matching element 5, through the first inverter 10, the first process sensor 8 is connected to the second input of the second matching element 3. The fourth input of the first coincidence element 2 and the third input of the second coincidence element 3 are connected to the motion sensor 11, which is connected through the second inverter 12 to the third input of the third coincidence element 4. The outputs of the matching elements 2, 4 and 5 are connected respectively to the counters 13, 14 and 15. The output of the second matching element 3 is connected to the input of the delay element 16, the direct output of which is connected to the second input of the matching element 17, and the inverse output of the delay element 16 is connected to the second the input of the matching element 18. The first inputs of the matching elements 17 and 18 are combined and connected to the output of the generator 6 clock pulses. The outputs of the matching elements 17 and 18 are connected respectively to the counters 19 and 20.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

В стационарных условиях трактор стоит, двигатель заглушен, технологический процесс не протекает. Контакты датчиков 7, 9 и 11 замкнуты и нулевые потенциалы с их выходов запрещают прохождение импульсов генератора 6 тактовых импульсов через элементы 2 и 4 совпадения на входы счетчиков 13 и 14. Нулевые потенциалы датчиков 7 и 11 обуславливают единичный потенциал на выходе элемента 3 совпадения, что в свою оуередь обуславливает ну-*· левые потенциалы на прямом и инверсном выходе элемента задержки 16, которые запрещают прохождение импульсов генератора 6 тактовых импульсов через элементы совпадения 17 и 18 на входы счетчиков 19 и 20 соответственно. При выполнении сельскохозяйственной машиной операции чистая работа на входы первого элемента 2 совпадения поступают сигналы равноценные потенциалу 1 от датчика 7 работы двигателя первого датчика 8 технологического процесса и датчика 11 движения (контакты датчиков разомкнуты). При таком состоянии сигналов на своих входах первый элемент 2 совпадения пропускает импульсы генератора 6 тактовых импульсов на вход счетчика 13 Время чистой работы. При прекращении протекания технологического процесса контакты первого датчика технологического процесса замыкаются, на третий вход первого элемента 2 совпадения поступает нулевой потенциал, который запрещает прохождение импульсов генератора 6 на вход счетчика 13. Однако нулевой потенциал от датчика 8 инвертируется инвертором 10 и потенциалом 1 поступает на второй вход второго элемента 3 совпадения, на первый и третий входы которого поступают потенциалы 1 с выходов датчиков работы двигателя 7 и движения 11. При таком состоянии потенциалов на своих, входах второй элемент 3 совпадения имеет нулевой потенциал на выходе. При появлении на входе элемента задержки 16 нулевого потенциала (выход элемента 2 и вход элемента 16 соединены) на его прямом выходе появляется потенциал 1, который поступая на второй вход четвертого элемента совпадения 17, разрешает поступление импульсов генератора 6 на вход счетчика 19 Время поворотов. Через временной интервал, на который рассчитан элемент задержки 16 на его прямом выходе устанавливается нулевой потенциал, который запрещает поступление импульсов генератора 6 через четвертый элемент совпадения 17 на вход счетчика 19. Одновременно на инверсном выходе элемента задержки устанавливается потенциал 1, который поступая на второй вход пятого элемента совпадения 18, разрешает прохождение импульсов генератора 6 через пятый элемент совпадения 18 на вход счетчика 20 Время холостых переездов.In stationary conditions, the tractor stands, the engine is turned off, the process does not proceed. The contacts of the sensors 7, 9 and 11 are closed and the zero potentials from their outputs prevent the pulses of the generator 6 clock pulses from passing through the coincidence elements 2 and 4 to the inputs of the counters 13 and 14. The zero potentials of the sensors 7 and 11 determine the unit potential at the output of the coincidence element 3, which in its girdle, it determines zero * potentials at the direct and inverse output of the delay element 16, which prohibit the passage of the pulses of the clock generator 6 through the coincidence elements 17 and 18 to the inputs of the counters 19 and 20, respectively. When the agricultural machine performs the clean operation, the inputs of the first coincidence element 2 receive signals equivalent to the potential 1 from the engine operation sensor 7 of the first process sensor 8 and the motion sensor 11 (the sensor contacts are open). With this state of signals at its inputs, the first coincidence element 2 passes the pulses of the clock generator 6 to the counter input 13. The time of clean operation. When the flow of the technological process stops, the contacts of the first sensor of the technological process are closed, the zero potential arrives at the third input of the first coincidence element 2, which prevents the pulses of the generator 6 from passing to the input of the counter 13. However, the zero potential from the sensor 8 is inverted by the inverter 10 and the potential 1 goes to the second input the second element 3 matches, the first and third inputs of which receive potentials 1 from the outputs of the sensors of the engine 7 and movement 11. With this state of potentials n its own, the inputs of the second element 3 coincidence has zero potential at the output. When the zero potential occurs at the input of the delay element 16 (the output of the element 2 and the input of the element 16 are connected), a potential 1 appears at its direct output, which, entering the second input of the fourth element of coincidence 17, allows the arrival of pulses of the generator 6 to the input of the counter 19 Turn time. Through the time interval for which the delay element 16 is designed, a direct potential is established at its direct output, which prohibits the pulses of the generator 6 through the fourth coincidence element 17 to the counter input 19. At the same time, the potential 1 is established at the inverse output of the delay element, which goes to the second input of the fifth element coincidence 18, allows the passage of the pulses of the generator 6 through the fifth element of coincidence 18 to the input of the counter 20 Idling time.

При остановке агрегата замыкаются контакты датчика 11 движения и на четвертый вход первого элемента 2 совпадения и третий вход второго элемента 3 совпадения поступает нулевой потенциал, запрещающий прохождение импульсов тактового генератора на входы счетчиков 13, 19 и 20. Одновременно нулевой потенциал датчика 11 инвертируется инвертором 12 и потенциалом 1, поступает на третий вход третьего элемента совпадения 4, на второй вход которого поступает потенциал 1 от датчика 7 работы двигателя. При таком состоянии потенциалов на своих входах третий элемент совпадения 4 пропускает импульсы генератора 6 тактовых импульсов на вход счетчика 14 Время холостой работы двигателя. При остановке двигателя контакты датчика работы двигателя 7 замыкаются и нулевой потенциал запрещает прохождение имS пульсов генератора 6 на входы счетчиков 13, 14, 19 и 20. Счетчик 21 Время общее считает с момента включения прибора независимо от положения датчиков. Счетчик 15 считает при Ю срабатывании датчика 9, разрешающего . прохождение импульсов генератора 6 через четвертый элемент 5 совпадения.When the unit stops, the contacts of the motion sensor 11 are closed and the zero potential comes to the fourth input of the first coincidence element 2 and the third input of the second coincidence element 3, prohibiting the passage of clock pulses to the inputs of the counters 13, 19 and 20. At the same time, the zero potential of the sensor 11 is inverted by the inverter 12 and potential 1, enters the third input of the third element of coincidence 4, the second input of which receives the potential 1 from the sensor 7 of the engine. With this state of potentials at its inputs, the third element of coincidence 4 passes the pulses of the generator 6 clock pulses to the input of the counter 14 Idle time of the engine. When the engine is stopped, the contacts of the engine operation sensor 7 are closed and the zero potential prevents them from passing generator 6 pulses to the inputs of counters 13, 14, 19 and 20. Counter 21 counts the total time from the moment the device was turned on regardless of the position of the sensors. The counter 15 counts when Yu triggering the sensor 9, allowing. the passage of the pulses of the generator 6 through the fourth element 5 matches.

Claims

The invention relates to a technique for recording and analyzing the expenditure of working time during the testing of a new agricultural technique. A device for timing, containing portable consoles, pulse generator, recorder, relay, switch and counters lj. The disadvantage of this device is low accuracy. A timing device is known comprising two process sensors, coincidence elements, counters, inverters and a clock, as well as a sensor. engine operation, a motion sensor and a summing time counter, which is connected to the first inputs of all matching elements, which are interconnected and connected to the clock generator, the second inputs of the three matching elements are combined and connected to the engine operation sensor, the first process sensor is connected with the third input of the first match element and through the inverter with the third input of the second match element, the fourth inputs of the first and second match elements are connected to the motion sensor The second sensor of the technological process is connected to the second input of the fourth element of the match, the outputs of the elements of the match are connected to the input of the corresponding counter, However, when testing agricultural machines, the time elements spent on idle the stroke of the aggregate and turns are made as a total amount of time. At the same time, current standards for testing agricultural machinery require separate consideration of these elements of time; up to the present, the determination of the time costs for turns has been carried out using manual timekeeping. In addition, the device is more informative due to the automation of the separate accounting of the elements of time to idle the test unit and turns. The purpose of the invention is to increase the information content of the device. The goal is achieved in that the device containing the engine operation sensor, the elements of the match, the first inputs of the first and third of which and the total time counter are connected to the clock generator, the second inputs of the first and third elements of the match are combined with each other, the third input of the first element the coincidence is connected to the sensor of a com teleological process that is connected to the first inverter; the fourth input of the first coincidence element is connected to a motion sensor that is connected via an inverter to the third input of the coincident element; the outputs of the first and third coincidence elements are connected to the corresponding counter; a delay element is introduced; the fourth and fifth coincidence elements, whose outputs are connected to the corresponding counter, the first the input of the fourth and fifth coincidence elements is connected to the clock pulse generator; the second input is connected to the outputs of the delay element, the input of which is connected to the output of the second lementa coincidence, the first input of which is connected to the sensor operation of the engine, the second input - to the first inverter, the third input of the second of element matcher is connected to a motion sensor. The drawing shows the frictional scheme of the proposed device. It includes a switching unit 1, made in the form of four elements 2, 3, and 5 coincidence. The first inputs of elements 2, k and S of coincidence are connected to the output of a generator of 6 clock pulses, the second inputs of elements of coincidence 2 and k and the first input of element 3 are combined and connected to the sensor 7 of engine operation. The first sensor 8 and the second sensor 9 of the process are connected to the third input of the first matching element 2 and to the second input of the fourth matching element 5, through 4 the first inverter 0, the first sensor 8 of the technological process is connected to the second input of the second matching element 3. The fourth input of the first coincidence element 2 and the third input of the second coincidence element 3 are connected to a motion sensor 11, which is connected via the second inverter 12 to the third input of the third coincidence element k. The outputs of elements 2, k and 5 of coincidence are connected respectively to counters 13, I and 15. The output of second element 3 of coincidence is connected to the input of delay element 16, the direct output of which is connected to the second input of coincidence element 17, and the inverse output of delay element 16 is connected to the second input of the matching element 18. The first inputs of the matching elements 17 and 18 are combined and connected to the output of the generator 6 clock pulses. The outputs of the matching elements 17 and 18 are connected respectively to counters 19 and 20. The device operates as follows. Under stationary conditions, the tractor stands, the engine is muffled, the technological process does not proceed. The contacts of sensors 7, 9 and 11 are closed and the zero potentials from their outputs prohibit the passage of generator pulses 6 clock pulses through elements 2 and C to match the inputs of counters 13 and 14. The zero potentials of sensors 7 and 11 cause a single potential at the output of element 3 to coincide, In its turn, it causes zero potentials at the forward and inverse output of delay element 16, which prohibit the pulse generator 6 to pass through the coincidence elements 17 and 18 to the inputs of counters 19 and 20, respectively. When performing an agricultural machine operation, the operation is clean. The inputs to the inputs of the first element 2 coincide with signals equal to the potential 1 from the sensor 7 of the engine operation of the first sensor 8 of the technological process and the sensor 11 of movement (the contacts of the sensors are open). With this state of signals at its inputs, the first element 2 of coincidence passes pulses of the generator 6 clock pulses to the input of the counter 13 Clean operation time. When the flow of the process stops, the contacts of the first sensor 8 of the process close, the third input of the first element 2 coincides with zero potential, which prevents the passage of generator 6 pulses to the input of counter 13. However, the zero potential from sensor 8 is inverted by inverter 10 and potential 1 is fed to the second input of the second element 3 coincidence, the first and third inputs of which receive the potentials 1 from the outputs of the sensors of the engine 7 and the movement 11, in this state, the potential On their own inputs, the second element 3 of coincidence has zero potential at the output. When a zero potential appears at the input of the delay element 16 (the output of element 2 and the input of element 1b are connected), potential 1 appears at its direct output, which enters the second input of the fourth coincidence element 17, which allows the generator 6 to enter the input of the counter 19 Turn time The time interval for which delay element 16 is designed at its direct output is set to zero potential, which prohibits the arrival of generator pulses 6 through the fourth coincidence element 17 at the input of counter 19. Simultaneously but in the inverse output of the delay element ustanav livaets potential 1 that post. The pair at the second input of the fifth coincidence element 18 permits the passage of the pulses of the generator 6 through the fifth coincidence element 18 to the input of the counter 20 Idle crossings. When the unit is stopped, the contacts of the motion sensor 11 are closed and the fourth input of the first element 2 coincides and the third input of the second element 3 matches a zero potential that prohibits the passage of pulses of the clock generator to the inputs of counters 13, 19 and 20. At the same time the zero potential of the sensor 11 is inverted by an inverter 12 and potential 1, arrives at the third input of the third element of coincidence k, the second input of which receives potential 1 from the engine operation sensor 7. With such a state of potentials at its inputs, the third element of the coincidence / transmits pulses of the generator 6 clock pulses to the input of the counter T Time idle 0t of that engine operation. When the engine is stopped, the contacts of the engine operation sensor 7 are closed and the zero potential prevents the generator 6 from passing to the inputs of counters 13,, 19, and 20. Counter 21 counts the total time from the moment the device was turned on, regardless of the position of the sensors. The counter 15 counts, when a sensor 9 is triggered, which permits the passage of the pulses of the generator 6 through the fourth element 5, coincidence. Claims An apparatus for timing the aggregates, for example, agricultural machinery, comprising an engine operation sensor, a match element, the first inputs of the first and third of which and a total time counter are connected to the clock generator, the second inputs of the first and third match elements interconnected, the third input of the first match element is connected to the process sensor, which is connected to the first inverter, the fourth input is the first The coincidence element is connected to a motion sensor, which is connected via an inverter to the third input of the third match element, the outputs of the first and the same match elements are connected to the corresponding counter, which is different in that, in order to increase the informativeness of the device, a delay element is introduced, the fourth and the fifth coincidence elements, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding counter, the first input of the fourth and fifth coincidence elements are connected to the clock generator, the second input - to the outputs of the elec the delay element, the input of which is connected to the output of the second coincidence element, the first input of which is connected to the engine operation sensor, the second input to the first inverter, the third input of the second coincidence element is connected to the motion sensor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR “50209, cl. G 07 C 3/10, .1973.

2. Authors certificate of the USSR (G 688909, class, G 07 C 5/10, 1979 (prototype).

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