SU889035A1

SU889035A1 - Device for dewatering and purifying oil from mechanical impurities

Info

Publication number: SU889035A1
Application number: SU802889535A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Венер Хайдарович Латыпов; Яков Михайлович Каган; Юрий Александрович Лукашкин; Анатолий Алексеевич Шестаков
Priority date: 1980-03-04
Filing date: 1980-03-04
Publication date: 1981-12-15

Description

Изобретение относится к устройствам для очистки нефти от воды, кристаллических солей и механических примесей и может быть использовано на нефтяных месторождениях и нефтеперерабатывающих заводах. Оно может быть использовано ⁵также для регенерации отработанных, смазочных масел на . нефтебазах.The invention relates to a device for cleaning oil from water, crystalline salts and solids and can be used in oil fields and refineries. It can also be used ⁵ for the regeneration of used, lubricating oils. tank farms.

Известно устройство для обезвожива—, ния нефти, включающее горизонтальную емкость, внутри которой последовательно установлены отрицательный и положитель^· ный электроды [1] .A device is known for dehydration of oil, including a horizontal capacitance, inside which negative and positive electrodes are sequentially installed [1].

Недостатком известного устройства является то, что поток нефти проходит череэ положительный электрод практически мгновенно, при этом частицы разряжаются и остаются в потоке.A disadvantage of the known device is that the oil flow passes through the positive electrode almost instantly, while the particles are discharged and remain in the stream.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является устройство для обезвоживания и очистки нефти от механических примесей, включающее горизонтальную цилиндрическую емкость, внутри которрй последовательно установлены отрицательный и положительный электроды, при этом первый выполнен в виде медной сетки, в узлах которой размещены пучки проволок [2J.The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for dehydration and purification of oil from mechanical impurities, including a horizontal cylindrical tank, inside which the negative and positive electrodes are sequentially installed, the first made in the form of a copper grid, in the nodes of which there are wire bundles [2J .

Недостатком данного устройства является сложность изготовления положительного электрода, расстояние между продольными пластинами которого составляет около 5 мм, а также снижение производительности при увеличении этого расстояния.The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of manufacturing a positive electrode, the distance between the longitudinal plates of which is about 5 mm, as well as a decrease in productivity with increasing this distance.

Цель изобретения - повышение производительности устройства и технологичности его изготовления.The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the device and the manufacturability of its manufacture.

С этой целью в устройстве, включающем горизонтальную емкость, внутри которой установлены отрицательный и положительный электроды, положительный электрод выполнен в виде горизонтальной заземленной заполненной металлическими стружками трубы, по нижней образующей которой выполнены отверстия.For this purpose, in a device including a horizontal capacitance, inside which negative and positive electrodes are installed, the positive electrode is made in the form of a horizontal grounded pipe filled with metal chips, along the lower generatrix of which holes are made.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображено устройство для обезвоживания и очистки нефти от механических примесей; на фиг.2 сечение А-А на фиг. 1.In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for dehydration and purification of oil from mechanical impurities; FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1.

Устройство для обезвоживания и очистки нефти от механических примесей содержит горизонтальную цилиндрическую ем- 5 кость 1 с крышкой 2 и патрубками ( 3для ввода обрабатываемой нефти, 4 - для отвода обезвоженной и очищенной нефти, 5 - для отвода воды) и водосборник 6. Со стороны входа нефти установлен сет- Ю чатый электрод 7 с пучком проволок 8 и узлах. Сетчатый электрод подвешен на изоляторах 9 и подсоединен с помощью изолированного провода 10 с отрицательным полюсом источника постоянного тока ¹⁵11, положительный полюс которого заземлен с помощью провода 12.The device for dehydration and purification of oil from mechanical impurities contains a horizontal cylindrical vessel 5 with a lid 2 and nozzles (3 for entering the processed oil, 4 for draining dehydrated and refined oil, 5 for draining water) and a water collector 6. From the inlet side oil installed network electrode 7 with a bundle of wires 8 and nodes. The mesh electrode is suspended on the insulators 9 and connected using an insulated wire 10 with a negative pole of a DC source ¹⁵ 11, the positive pole of which is grounded with a wire 12.

На некотором удалении от сетчатого· электрода 7 установлен положительный электрод 13. Электрод 13 состоит из го- 28 ризонтальной трубы 14, по внешней образующей которой выполнены отверстия 15. Труба 14 заполнена металлическими стружками 16. Вдоль оси трубы 14 установлен металлический стержень 17, кото- ²³рый заземлен с помощью провода 18.At a certain distance from the mesh · electrode 7, a positive electrode 13 is installed. The electrode 13 consists of a horizontal pipe 14, along the external generatrix of which holes 15 are made. The pipe 14 is filled with metal shavings 16. A metal rod 17 is installed along the axis of the pipe 14, which ^{The 23rd is} earthed using wire 18.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Обработанная диэмульгатором, нагретая до необходимой температуры нефггь, со- 30 держащая глобулы воды и механические примеси, через подводящий патрубок 3 подается на сетчатый электрод 7. При этом нефть приобретает отрицательный электрический заряд, который концентри- jj руется на поверхности раздела фаз воданефть, механические примеси-нефть. Таким образом, глобулы воды и механичео.кие примеси оказываются заряженными отрицательно. Далее нефть проходит через <о поровые пространства, образованные металлическими стружками 16 положительного электрода 13. При этом отрицательно заряженные глобулы воды и частицы механических примесей под Действием сил электрического притяжения' перемещаются и осаждаются на поверхности металлических стружек. По мере накопления на поверхности стружек вода, обогащенная частицами механических примесей, под действием сил гравитации стекает в водосборник 6 и удаляется через водоотводящий патрубок 5_Z Treated with a demulsifier, heated to the required temperature, oil containing 30 water globules and mechanical impurities is supplied through a supply pipe 3 to the grid electrode 7. In this case, the oil acquires a negative electric charge, which is concentrated on the interface between water and oil, mechanical impurities -oil. Thus, water globules and mechanical impurities are negatively charged. Further, the oil passes through the pore spaces formed by metal chips 16 of the positive electrode 13. In this case, negatively charged water globules and particles of mechanical impurities under the action of electric attraction forces move and settle on the surface of the metal chips. As accumulation on the surface of the shavings, water enriched with particles of mechanical impurities, under the action of gravitational forces, flows into the catchment 6 and is removed through the drain pipe 5 _Z

Claims

(54) DEVICE FOR DECOMPOSITION AND CLEANING OF OIL FROM MECHANICAL IMPURITIES The invention relates to devices for cleaning oil from water, crystalline salts and mechanical impurities and can be used in oil spawners and refineries. It can also be used to regenerate used, lubricating oils. tank farms. A device for dehydration is known. VIA of oil, including a horizontal capacitance, inside which negative and positive electrodes c are installed in series. A disadvantage of the known device is that the flow of oil passes through the positive electrode almost instantly, while the particles are discharged and remain in the flow. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for dehydrating and purifying oil from mechanical impurities, including a horizontal cylindrical tank, inside which negative and positive electrodes are successively installed, the first being made in the form of a copper grid with wire bundles in its nodes. 23. The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of manufacturing a positive electrode, the distance between the longitudinal plates of which is about 5 mm, and There is also a decrease in the productivity of this increase. The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the device and its manufacturing. For this purpose, in the device, including the horizontal capacitance, inside which the negative and positive electrodes are installed, the positive electrode is made in the form of a horizontal grounded pipe filled with metal shavings, the bottom of which is filled with holes. FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for dewatering and refining oil from mechanical impurities; in FIG. 2 a section in FIG. 1. A device for the detoxification and purification of oil from mechanical impurities contains a horizontal cylinder capacity 1 with a lid 2 and nozzles (3 dl of input of processed oil, 4 - for drainage of dehydrated and refined oil, 5 - for drainage of water) and water collector 6. From the oil inlet side installed the mesh electrode 7 with a bundle of wires 8 and nodes. The grid electrode is suspended on insulators 9 and connected via an insulated wire Yus to the negative pole of a DC source 11, the positive pole of which is grounded by a wire 12. A positive electrode 13 is installed at some distance from the grid electrode 7. Electrode 13 consists of a horizontal pipe 14, on the outside of which -15 holes are made. The pipe 14 is filled with metal shavings 16. A metal rod 17 is installed along the axis of the pipe 14, which is grounded using wire 18. The device operates as follows. Processed by demulsifier. heated to the required temperature, containing water globules and mechanical impurities, is supplied to grid electrode 7 through supply pipe 3, and the oil acquires a negative electrical charge, which is concentrated at the surface of the water-oil interface, mechanical impurities-oil. Thus, water globules and mechanical impurities are negatively charged. Next, the oil passes through the pore spaces formed by the metal shavings 16 of the positive electrode 13. At the same time, the negatively charged water globules and particles of mechanical impurities, under the action of electric attraction forces, are moved with and deposited on the surface of the metal shavings. As the particles enriched with particles of mechanical impurities accumulate on the surface of the chips, under the action of gravitational forces, they drain into the sump 6 and remove their branch pipe 5 through the drainage system, the invention The device for dewatering and purification of oil from mechanical impurities, B1 negative and positive electrodes were installed, the first one being made in the form of a copper grid, in the nodes of which there are wire bundles, which, in order to As the performance of the device and its manufacturability are improved, the polykleating electrode is made in the form of a horizontal grounded pipe filled with metal shavings, and there are holes in the bottom forming KOTOpoii. I extract information taken into account during the examination 1. German Patent No. 1442489, CL-12 1/05, 1969.

2. USSR author's certificate number 597392, cl. In 01D 17/06, 1975 (prototype).

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