SU885316A1 - Method of metal extraction by sorption - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR EXTRACTING METALS OF SORVERS

The invention relates to the technology of sorption extraction of metals from aqueous solutions and may find application in hydrometallurgy. Methods of sorption extraction of metals from aqueous solutions of mineral acids using organic ion exchangers 1 ..2 are widely known. However, in the known methods, the acidity ranges of the initial aqueous solution are narrow, the metals are extracted with high distribution coefficients. This leads to the need to adjust the initial solutions, an increased consumption of reagents (acid and alkali), an increase in the volumes of processed and waste solutions. Moreover, the degree of concentration of recoverable metals during desorption. Completeness of desorption is achieved by passing through 10-12 column volumes of the desorbing solution. This results in insufficiently concentrated solutions of metals, an increase in the volumes of the solution and the duration of the technological cycle, and a decrease in the productivity of the equipment. Closest to the present invention is a method for the recovery of metals by sorption on organic ion exchangers from acidic solutions, followed by desorption of Gz. The disadvantage of this method is the low degree of metal recovery. The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of metal recovery. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of extracting metals by sorption on organic ion exchangers from acidic solutions, followed by desorption, sorption is carried out using ionic ions containing carbon black as the ion exchangers. Carrying out the process under these conditions expands the range of acid concentrations at which the sorption is carried out with a high degree of efficiency, and the increase in the concentration of recoverable metals at the desorption stage (as compared to the known method) is apparently due to a change in the kinetics of the sorption mechanism due to existence in ion exchangers (according to the proposed method of an isoporous structure, due to the homogeneous distribution of carbon black introduced into the ion exchanger structure. Example 1. Water solutions containing 378 mg / l of thorium in nitrogen th acid with a concentration of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0 M, are in contact with CU-2pS cation exchangers containing different amounts (1.0; 2 , 0; 5.0; 7 wt.%}. The contact time is 24 h, T: W 1: 100, The dependence of the distribution coefficients Th on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is presented in table 1. As can be seen from table 1 The use of ionites containing soot in their structure for the extraction of metals makes it possible to significantly expand the range of operating concentrations of nitric acid. Quantitative extraction of thorium on the cation exchanger KU-2 is carried out from solutions of nitric acid above 1.0 M. The use of cation exchanger RSU-2, containing in its structure soot KU-2pS, allows you to extract thorium with high distribution coefficients in the range of concentrations of nitric acid 0.2-7.0 M. Example 2. An aqueous solution containing 1.1 g / l of zirconium in 5.2 M nitric acid is filtered through an AC-5 anion exchange resin with various contents of carbon black placed in a sorption column. The contact time of the solution with the resin is 10-15 minutes, the temperature is 60 ° C. After the end of sorption (upon reaching a load of 50 mg of zirconium per ml of resin), the sorbent is washed with 6 column volumes of 5M nitric acid. Contact time 10 min, temperature. Desorption is carried out with 0.7 M nitric acid. Contact time 20 min. Temperature. Shown: and the cycle of sorption - Zr desorption on anion exchangers containing different soot content are presented in Table 2. Analysis of the data given in table. 2 shows that the degree 64 of the kodentering of the recoverable metal is increased due to the fact that more than 98% of the sorbed metal is eluted by 4-8 column volumes. Example 3. Aqueous solutions containing 60 ml / l of palladium (P) in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 5.0 mol / l are contasted with weights of an anion exchanger АС-5, containing 5 wt.% Of soot. Contact time 10 min, T: W 1: 100. The dependence of the distribution coefficients of palladium on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is presented in Table 3, for example. Aqueous solutions containing 70 mg / l of rhenium in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.5; 1,0,2, 0; 3.0; 5.0 mol / l, in contact with portions of the ion exchanger AC-5, containing 5 wt.% Carbon black. Contact time 10 min, T: W 1: 100. The dependence of the rhenium (MD) distribution coefficients on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is presented in Table 4. Example 5. Aqueous solutions containing 100 mg / l bismuth SI in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.5, 1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 5.0 mol / l, in contact with weights of the AC-5 ion exchanger, containing 5% carbon black. Contact time 10 min, T: W 1: 100. The dependence of the distribution coefficients of bismuth (III) on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is given in Table 5. Example 6. Aqueous solutions containing 100 mg / l of copper (P) in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.2; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 mol / l, in contact with the portions of the cation exchanger KU-2pS., Containing 5 wt.% Of soot. The contact time is 10 min, T: W 1: 100. The dependence of the copper (I) distribution coefficients on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is presented in Table 6. Example 7. Aqueous solutions containing 100 mg / l of lanthanum (III) in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.2; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 mol / l, in contact with the portions of the cation exchanger KU-2pS containing 5 wt.% Soot. The contact time is 10 minutes, T: W 1: 100. The dependence of the distribution coefficients of lanthanum (III on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is given in Table 7. Example 8. Aqueous solutions containing 100 mg / l of uranium (VI) in nitric acid with O, 2; O, 5; S 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 mol / l, in contact with the Ky-2iiC cation exchanger containing 5 wt.% carbon black. Dependence of the distribution coefficients of uranium (VI) on the nitrogen content acids in the initial solution are shown in Table Example 9. Aqueous solutions containing 100 mg / l of titanium (V) in nitric acid with a concentration of 0.2; 0.5; 1.0; , 2.0; 4.0 mol / l, in contact with weights of cation exchanger KU-2pS containing 5% by weight of carbon black. Dependence of the distribution coefficients of titanium Clyj on the content of nitric acid in the initial solution is given in table 9. The proposed method of sorption extraction of metals -using

3.0

50 2.8

50 2.0

50

table 2

0.4 0.4 0.4 6b in the national economy will provide a significant expansion of the range of concentrations of acids from which metals are extracted with high distribution coefficients. This leads to the elimination of the solution adjustment operation before sorption, reducing the consumption of reagents and the volume of the solutions being processed. Increase (by 1.5-2 times the degree of concentration of recoverable metals during desorption. The amount of desorbates of recoverable metals will decrease, the time spent for the production cycle will be reduced, equipment productivity will increase, Capital expenditure will decrease. T ibl I

20

15

15

15

600

400 600 100

20

2.0

ten

2.0

.Tab.lit 3

ten

20

20

ten

5.0

ten

Table 4

five

100

10 40

Table 5

15

25

20

20

15

15

Distribution coefficient in HNO., Mol / l

Og2.-4 ... 1xO1.2 0L-QKU-2pS 370 200 150

1 (y-2p (known) 350 85 30

Distribution coefficient in HNOi, mol / l

Sorbent 0.2 1 0.5 J 1.0 I 2.0 I 4.0

10 5000 1000 100 10

10 1800 270 50 10 Distribution coefficient in HNOj, mol / l

, 5 G, 0 J 2,0 J 4,0

0.2

300

260

Distribution coefficient in HNOj, mol / l

Sorbent

J 0.5 I 1.0 J 2.0I 4.0

0.2

480

320 I00

460

7015

88531610

.Table 6

20

2.0

103.0

Table 7

Table 8

150100

20

2510

Table 9

ten

. 11 88531612

Claims (3)

Invention Formula Sources of Information  taken into account in the examination The method of extraction of metals Serb-I. Samuelson O. Ion-exchange days on organic ion exchangers from kit-division in analytical chemistry, ly solutions with the subsequent desorb-j M.-L ,, Himi, 1966, p. 21-23. characterized in that 2. Mimonova M.S. and others. Analytical What is the purpose of increasing the degree of chemical elements. M., Science, attraction, sorption is carried out with IC-1965, p. 8-11. use as ion exchangers 3. Yegorov, EV, Makarov, S.B.Ion1y sh nitov containing in the structure of tO exchange in radiochemistry. M., Atomizdat, soot. S971, c.63.