SU880288A1 - Method of treating seeds - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR PROCESSING SEEDS

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for the treatment of seeds of various agricultural crops. A known method of pre-seed treatment of seeds is that the seeds are mixed with powdered mineral fertilizers or microelements and placed in an alternating magnetic field of low frequency ij. The disadvantages of this method include the low penetration rate of powdered fertilizers or micron elements (micro pores, shell, etc.), low adhesion of the powder to the seed, which leads to unequal (seed coverage, as well as It is difficult for me to select the optimal electromagnetic field intensity and frequency for the seeds of various agricultural crops.A well-known method of seed treatment, in which an increase in the germination energy and shortening the seed germination time of seeds is achieved due to Simultaneous effects on seeds that are in a solution of microelements of electromagnetic and ultrasonic field energy. The disadvantage of this method is the limitation of the frequency range to to 25 kHz, since for ceMsm different cultures there is a certain frequency at which the treatment is carried out with maximum efficiency. These frequencies lie in a much wider range than indicated in the known method. . In addition, the use of a magnetostrictive converter, which has a relatively low efficiency (not exceeding 5%), requires the use of high power HDTV generators and for some seeds with a hard shell, such as rice, it is not possible to obtain the required intensity of ultrasonic vibrations. The purpose of the invention is to increase the energy of germination of seed and yield. The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the method of seed treatment, seeds are affected by an electromagnetic field of strength I, 5-tO A / m, which are impulsed with simultaneous impact of a water hammer. Energy 1.5-2.5 kJ at a frequency of 5-6 pulses per minute. Fig. 1 shows a seed treatment apparatus; The method according to FIG. 2 is a pulse r i aror diagram. The method is carried out in a manner. Subjects to treatment I are placed in a cylindrical bath 2 with a solution of microeltizens 3. A pulse generator 4 is connected through a coil 5 to electrodes 6 placed in a parabolic, filled with 7n water to create a hydraulic fluid; Pulse generator 4 consists of a high-voltage transformer Tr, diode D, capacitor C, replaceable capacitance L and air (a complete impulse P. Switching on the pulse generator 4 & C to capacitor C up to 4O -10 kV. The distance between the contacts of the arrester P is selected, the required operating voltage is selected, and the current will go through the circuit: the upper plate of the capacitor C, the arrester P, coil 5, electrodes 6, the inductance b of the lower capacitor C. When the pulse is applied high voltage on ale Electrodynamic shock in a parabolic chamber filled with water 7, which creates a serious impact in bath 2, and a current pulse at least two orders of magnitude higher than in the known method. Thus, In the case of storage in the air conditioner G, in a short time, an order of 1 0 -1 0 s approaches the creation of a powerful current pulse, as a result of which a pulsed magnetic field of high intensity is created in the coil, and on the other hand, it is simultaneously synchronized. Skog momentum (water hammer Increased capacitance and voltage charge increases the energy released in the form of e 1MOY electromagnetic field and mechanical shock and shows no technical difficulty to increase the past almost any value. Due to the fact that the water inside the parabolic radiating chamber 7 and the location of electrodes 6 at the focus of the paraboloid are practically non-squeezable, most of the impact energy is transferred to the bottom of the cylindrical chamber 2, made of nonmagnetic material, such as stainless steel. The maximum amplitude of oscillations of the Molodan-Lodish walls reaches hundreds of microns, which leads to the appearance in the water solution of microelements of alternating pulse pressure at least two orders of magnitude higher than in the case of using our ultrasonic vibrations. The wide-ranging retreatment of the impulse of the electromagnetic field and pressure in a solution of microelements makes it possible to find the optimal conditions for taking care of seeds of virtually any agricultural farm (b; live crops. Increasing the tension and pulse pressure above the optimum can also be used for mutations and obtaining lethal Aaaaaaaaa for obyhnyh semen. High values of variable impulse-, lateral pressure (which contribute to an increase in the depth of filling of micropores) and synchronous use The electromagnetic electromagnetic field significantly increases germination, shortens the field germination period and increases the yield. Example I. Rice variety cultivation (Krasnodar 424) is processed. Microelement solution 3 is poured into chamber 2 (ammonium ammonium oxide 0, O4%, s manganese oxide 0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.01%, pangamat kalish 0, O8%, succinic acid O, OO1%) and 15O kg are poured into the same chamber, then the output of the pulse generator is connected in series with the coil 5 k electrodes 6 parabolic chamber 7 serving to create an electroguide avlicheskogo pin and is connected by the input to the power supply. The capacitor of the pulse generator with a capacitance of t, 5 µF is charged up to a voltage of 5 kV and a water hammer in the chamber is carried out B times within one minute (discharge interval 12 s). The families treated in this way are sown on the nutrient mixture and after 8 days they measure the length of the roots and the ground part (stems, leaves).

58802886

In plants treated and gerbed-roots and ground parts. The cuts of the catars with viflH determine germination, length

Seeds

Unprocessed

Krasnodar 424 Processed

The length of the roots and seedlings on tO mlV table. 2 shows daeee for processing more than that of the processed ones, and listtavim and Koitrolye pepper seeds

Appears in the variant with the processing of non-Gift Msmschovy and eggplant Donetsk

32 hours before. “5-year-old.

793498 863092

643698 733492

Example 2. Spalchik rice seed variety was cultivated and pepper seeds were given a Moldovan gift in a cylindrical chamber with a solution of microelements analogous to example t. Capacitor pulse generator with a capacity of 1.5 microfarads. charged to a voltage of 5O kV, the processing time

listed in table. t

Table t

Sort

Germination%

68 94

table 2

100

248.5

1O6,4

262.3

100.0

127.6

114.6

146.1

is 1 minute after a pulse / pulse pulse generator, the number of nanopies is 5 pulses per minute (1 pulse after 12 s).

Compare carried out with semvoami, processed by a known method, the results of the experiments are given in table. 3

Famous, rice variety

57 Spalchik

Offered, rice variety Sleeping

7O

Famous, Pepper Variety Gift

81 of Moldova

Claims (2)

The proposed pepper variety, Podarik Mol87 Dovdy. Thus, the 1st method can be used for the treatment of seeds of various agricultural crops. Its use in comparison with known methods provides a significant increase in seed germination, an increase in germination energy, faster growth, and an increase in yield. The invention The method of processing, including their treatment with a solution of trace elements with simultaneous exposure to an electromagnetic field, is different from Table 3. 52 100 gag 14 69 124 OF 9 g 00 257 94 32 115 296 90 29 s, which, in order to increase the sprouting energy and productivity, on c wieHa - is affected by an electromagnetic field of strength I, 5 "1O A / m, which is imposed on impulse f with simultaneous influence of a hydraulic shock with energy 1.5-2.5 kJ at a frequency of 5-6 pulses per minute. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 191928, cl. A 01 C l / OO, 1964, 2.Avtcherskoe certificate of the USSR N9 578027, cl. A 01 C 1 / OO, 1975.