SU879555A1

SU879555A1 - Square video pulse center digital meter

Info

Publication number: SU879555A1
Application number: SU802882216A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Ремир Владимирович Коровин; Иван Иванович Ковтун
Original assignee: Харьковское Высшее Военное Командное Училище Им. Маршала Советского Союза Крылова Н.И.
Priority date: 1980-02-15
Filing date: 1980-02-15
Publication date: 1981-11-07

Description

Изобретение относится к радиотехническим измерениям и может быть использовано в импульсной радиолокации при определении координат цели, в специальном телевидении при определении координат объектов и· в других областях радиоэлектроники.The invention relates to radio engineering measurements and can be used in pulsed radar when determining the coordinates of a target, in special television when determining the coordinates of objects and · in other areas of radio electronics.

Известно устройство [1] для изменения середины временных интервалов, которое содержит генератор, реверсивный счетчик, элемент задержки, элементы И, триггер и схему сравнения и обладает невысокой точностью.A device [1] is known for changing the middle of time intervals, which contains a generator, a reverse counter, a delay element, AND elements, a trigger, and a comparison circuit and has low accuracy.

Наиболее близким решением по технической сущности и достигаемому результату к изобретению является цифровой измеритель центра прямоугольных видеоимпульсов [2] , содержащий генератор счетных импульсов, три элемента И, триггера, схему сравнения, накопительный счетчик и реверсивный счетчик.The closest solution in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a digital meter of the center of rectangular video pulses [2], containing a counting pulse generator, three I elements, a trigger, a comparison circuit, a storage counter and a reversible counter.

Однако такой цифровой измеритель .центра прямоугольных видеоимпульсов имеет низкую точность.However, such a digital meter. A center of rectangular video pulses has a low accuracy.

Целью изобретения является повышение точности измерений.The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurements.

Эта цель достигается тем, что цифровой измеритель, содержащий генератор счетных импульсов, три элемента И, три триггера, элемент сравнения, накопительный и реверсивный счетчики, вход измерителя соединен с первыми входами первого триггера и первого элемента И, выход которого через последовательно соединенные реверсивный счетчик и элемент сравнения подключен к входу второго триггера и является выходом измерителя, выход второго триггера соединен через второй элемент И с вторым входом реверсивного счетчика, выход третьего триггера соединен с вторым входом первого и с первым входом третьего элементов И, выход третьего элемента И через нако пительный счётчик подключен к вторым входам второго и первого триггеров, выход которого соединен с вторым входом третьего элемента И, дополнительно введены формирователь импульсов, два элемента задержки, элемент ИЛИ, четыре элемента И и триггер, причем выход генератора счетных импульсов соединен с первым входом элемента ИЛИ через первый дополнительный элемент И, а с вторым входом элемента ИЛИ через последовательно включенные первый элемент задержки и второй дополнительный элемент И выход элемента ИЛИ Соединен с вторым входом второго элемента И и через третий дополнительный элемент И с вторым входом третьего триггера, второй вход третьего дополнительного элемента И подключен к выходу первого триггера, кроме того, вход измерителя через последовательно соединенные формирователь импульсов й четвертый дополнительный элемент И соединен с первым входом дополнительного триггера, второй вход которого соединен с выходом устройства и входом установки третьего триггера, второй выход которого соединен с вторым входом четвертого дополнителъ ного элемента И, кроме того, выходы дополнительного триггера соединены соответственно с вторым входом первого дополнительного элемента И и через второй элемент задержки с вторым входом второго дополнительного элемента И.This goal is achieved in that a digital meter containing a counting pulse generator, three AND elements, three triggers, a comparison element, accumulative and reversible counters, the meter input is connected to the first inputs of the first trigger and the first And element, the output of which is through a series-connected reversible counter and the comparison element is connected to the input of the second trigger and is the output of the meter, the output of the second trigger is connected through the second element And to the second input of the reverse counter, the output of the third trigger is connected n with the second input of the first and the first input of the third AND element, the output of the third AND element is connected via a storage meter to the second inputs of the second and first triggers, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third AND element, an additional pulse shaper, two delay elements, an element are introduced OR, four AND elements and a trigger, wherein the output of the counting pulse generator is connected to the first input of the OR element through the first additional AND element, and to the second input of the OR element through the first element connected in series the delay moment and the second additional element AND the output of the OR element is connected to the second input of the second element And and through the third additional element And to the second input of the third trigger, the second input of the third additional element And is connected to the output of the first trigger, in addition, the input of the meter through a series-connected former pulses of the fourth additional element And is connected to the first input of the additional trigger, the second input of which is connected to the output of the device and the installation input of the third trigger, sec whose output is connected to the second input of the fourth additional element And, in addition, the outputs of the additional trigger are connected respectively to the second input of the first additional element And and through the second delay element to the second input of the second additional element I.

На чертеже представлена блок-схема цифрового измерителя центра прямоугольных видеоимпульсов.The drawing shows a block diagram of a digital meter center of rectangular video pulses.

Цифровой измеритель включает в себя генератор 1 счетных импульсов, элементы И 2-8, триггеры 9-12, элементы 13-14 задержки, накопительный 15 и реверсивный 16 счетчики, элемент 17 сравнения, формирователь 18 импульсов и элемент ИЛИ 19.The digital meter includes a counting pulse generator 1, AND elements 2-8, triggers 9-12, delay elements 13-14, cumulative 15 and 16 reverse counters, a comparison element 17, a pulse shaper 18, and an OR element 19.

В исходном состоянии генератор 1 вырабатывает импульсы двух последовательностей, одна из которых на выходе непосредственно генератора сдвинута относительно другой (на выходе ¹элемента 13) на 180°. Триггер 9 управления находится в состоянии, при котором на его выходе отсутствует высокий потенциал. Триггер 10 не име'ет на своем выходе высокого потенциала. Благодаря этому элементы ИЗ, 4, 7 закрыты. Триггер 12 находится в таком состоянии, при котором высокий потенциал присутствует на выходе, соединенным с элементом И 5. Счетчики 15 и 16 находятся в исходном нулевом состоянии. Триггер 11 находится в исходном нулевом состоянии, при котором присутствует потенциал на его выходе, связанным с элементом И 6.In the initial state, the generator 1 generates pulses of two sequences, one of which at the output of the generator itself is shifted by 180 ° relative to the other (at the output of ¹ element 13). The trigger 9 control is in a state in which at its output there is no high potential. Trigger 10 does not have high potential at its output. Due to this, the elements FROM 4,7 are closed. The trigger 12 is in a state in which a high potential is present at the output connected to the element And 5. Counters 15 and 16 are in the initial zero state. The trigger 11 is in the initial zero state, in which there is a potential at its output associated with the element And 6.

Цифровой измеритель центра прямоугольных видеоимпульсов работает следующим образом.A digital meter of the center of rectangular video pulses works as follows.

Сигнал, центр которого необходимоопределить, поступает на триггер 9, который меняет свое состояние, открывая элементы И 4 и 7. Одновременно сам импульс в течение своей длительности держит открытым элемент И 2. Импульсная последовательность с выхода элемента ИЛИ 19 через элемент И 7 поступает на счетный вход триггера 11, который работает как делитель'частоты следования на два. С выхода триггера 11 последовательность импульсов через элемент И 4 поступает на вход счетчика 15. Спад входного исследуемого импульса запирает элемент И 2, прекращая подачу импульсов на суммирующий вход счетчика 16. В момент прекращения измеряемого импульса срабатывает формирователь 18 и вырабатывает на своем выходе короткий импульс. Далее возможны два варианта работы. Если за время существования исследуемого импульса на вход триггера 11 поступило четное число счетных им— пульсов^ то к моменту появления импульса на выходе формирователя 18 элемент И 8 оказывается заперт отсутствием потенциала на выходе триггера 11. Сигнал через, элемент И 8 на триггер 12 не проходит и на триггер 11 продолжает поступать последовательность счетных импульсов с выхода элементов И 5 (через элементы ИЛИ 19 и И 7). Если же число импульсов, поступающих на вход триггера 11 за время существования исследуемого импульса, будет не четным, то к моменту появления импульса на выходе формирователя 18 элемент И 8 будет открыт высоким потенциалом на соответствующем выходе триггера 11 и импульс с формирователя 18 попадет на соответствующий вход триггера 12. В результате этого триггер 12 меняет свое состояние, закрывая элемент И 5, и после задержки в элементе 14 открывает элемент И 6, через который на эле5 . 879555 6 мент ИЛИ 19 начинает поступать вторая последовательность, сдвинутая относительно первой на 180°. Наличие элемента 14, обеспечивающего время задержки 0,5 Т_О<Т₅ ^С1,5 Т_о , приводит к 5 тому, что один импульс дополнительной последовательности пропускается. Поскольку элемент И 4 остается открытым, на счетчик 15 продолжают поступать импульсы с выхода триггера 11.10 Когда счетчик 15 переполнится, на его выходе образуется импульс, меняющий состояние триггеров 9 и 10. При этом элементы И 4, 7 закрываются, а элемент И 3 наоборот открывает путь им- 15 пульсам с выхода элемента ИЛИ 19 на вычитающий вход счетчика 16. После того как счетчик 16 насчитает по вычитающему входу столько же импульсов, сколько поступило за время существо- 20 вания сигнала на его суммирующий вход, счетчик обнуляется и на выходе элемента 17. образуется стандартный импульс, соответствующий центру видеоимпульса. Этот же импульс переводит схему в исходное состояние, воздействуя на триггеры 10, 11, 12. Таким образом, использование двух сдвинутых на 180^σ последовательностей счет ных импульсов, а также различной реакции устройства на четные или нечетные количества счетных импульсов в длительности исследуемого видеоимпульса приводит к увеличению в 2 , раза точности формирования момента выходного сигнала по сравнению с известным устройством.The signal whose center you want to determine arrives at trigger 9, which changes its state by opening the elements And 4 and 7. At the same time, the pulse itself keeps the And element 2 open for its duration. The pulse sequence from the output of the OR element 19 through the And 7 element goes to the counting trigger input 11, which works as a divider’s repetition rate by two. From the output of the trigger 11, the pulse train passes through the And 4 element to the input of the counter 15. The fall of the input pulse under investigation locks the And 2 element, stopping the supply of pulses to the summing input of the counter 16. At the moment the measured pulse ceases, the former 18 operates and generates a short pulse at its output. Further, two options are possible. If during the existence of the studied pulse, an even number of counting pulses arrived at the input of trigger 11, then by the time the pulse appears at the output of the former 18, the And 8 element is blocked by the lack of potential at the output of the trigger 11. The signal through, the And 8 element does not pass to the trigger 12 and the trigger 11 continues to receive a sequence of counting pulses from the output of the elements And 5 (through the elements OR 19 and And 7). If the number of pulses arriving at the input of trigger 11 during the existence of the studied pulse is not even, then by the time the pulse appears at the output of the shaper 18, the And 8 element will be opened with high potential at the corresponding output of the trigger 11 and the pulse from the shaper 18 will go to the corresponding input trigger 12. As a result, trigger 12 changes its state by closing the element And 5, and after a delay in the element 14 opens the element And 6, through which on ele5. 879555 6 ment OR 19 a second sequence begins to arrive, shifted 180 ° relative to the first. The presence of element 14, providing a delay time of 0.5 T _O <T ₅ ^C 1.5 T _about , leads to 5 that one pulse of an additional sequence is skipped. Since the And 4 element remains open, pulses continue to be sent to the counter 15 from the output of the trigger 11.10. When the 15 counter overflows, a pulse is formed at its output that changes the state of the triggers 9 and 10. At the same time, the And 4, 7 elements are closed, and the And 3 element, on the contrary, opens the path is 15 pulses from the output of the OR element 19 to the subtractive input of the counter 16. After the counter 16 counts the same number of pulses from the subtractive input as the signal arrived at its summing input for 20, the counter is reset to zero at the output of the element 17 arr. zuetsya standard pulse corresponding to the center of a video. The same pulse transfers the circuit to its initial state, acting on triggers 10, 11, 12. Thus, the use of two sequences of counting pulses shifted by 180 ^σ , as well as a different reaction of the device to even or odd numbers of counting pulses in the duration of the studied video pulse, leads to increase in 2 times the accuracy of formation of the moment of the output signal in comparison with the known device.

Claims

. (54) DIGITAL CENTER OF RECTANGULAR CENTER The invention relates to radio engineering measurements and can be used in pulsed radar in determining target coordinates, in special television in determining the coordinates of objects and in other areas of radio electronics. It is known a device l for changing the middle of time intervals, which contains a generator, a reversible counter, a delay element, elements AND, a trigger and a comparison circuit and has a low accuracy. The closest solution to the technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a digital meter of the center of the video pulses 2, containing a counting pulse generator, three AND elements, a trigger, a comparison circuit, a cumulative counter and a reversible counter. VIDEO IMPULSES However, such a digital meter of a center of rectangular video pulses has low languor. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. This goal is achieved by the fact that a digital meter containing a generator of counting pulses, three elements And, three triggers, a comparison element, a cumulative and reversible counters, the input of the meter is connected to the first inputs of the first trigger and the first element And, the output of which is through a series-connected reversible counter and the comparison element is connected to the input of the second trigger and is the output of the meter, the output of the second trigger is connected via the second element I to the second input of the reversible counter, the output of the third trigger is connected Inen with the second input of the first and the first input of the third element And, the output of the third element And through the cumulative counter connected to the second inputs of the second and first triggers, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third element And, additionally introduced pulse shaper, two delay elements, element OR, four elements AND and a trigger; moreover, the output of the generator of counting pulses is connected to the first input of the element OR through the first additional element AND a to the second input of the element OR through the series-connected first the delay element and the second additional element AND the output of the OR element are connected to the second input of the second element AND and through the third additional element AND to the second input of the third trigger, the second input of the third additional element AND are connected to the output of the first trigger, in addition, the meter input through sequentially the connected pulse former and the fourth additional element I are connected to the first input of the additional trigger, the second input of which is connected to the output of the device and the installation input of the third trigger The second output of which is connected to the second input of the fourth augmented element AND, in addition, the outputs of the additional trigger are connected respectively to the second input of the first additional AND element and through the second delay element to the second input of the second additional I element. block diagram of a digital meter of the center of direct carbon video pulses. The digital meter includes in it a generator of 1 counting pulses, AND 2-8 ele ments, triggers 9–12, delay elements 13–14, accumulative 15 and reversive 16 counters, comparison element 1, pulse former 18, and OR 19 element. In state, generator 1 generates pulses of two sequences, one of which at the output of the generator itself is shifted relative to the other (at the output of element 13) by 180. Control trigger 9 is in a state where its potential does not have a high potential. Trigger 10 does not have high potential at its output. Thanks to this, the elements of FROM, 4, 7 are closed. The trigger 12 is in a state in which a high potential is present at the output coupled to the element AND 5. Counters 15 and 16 are in the initial zero state. The trigger 11 finds in the initial zero state, the potential is present at the output at its output associated with the AND 6 element. The digital meter of the center of rectangular video pulses works as follows. The signal whose center is to be determined arrives at the trigger 9, which changes its state, being opened; elements AND 4 and 7. At the same time, the pulse itself keeps AND 2 open for its duration. The pulse sequence from the output of the element OR 19 through the element 7 comes to the counting input of the trigger 1i, which works as a divider of the following frequency by two. From the output of the trigger 11, a sequence of pulses through the element 4 is fed to the input of the counter 15. The fall of the input pulse under investigation locks the element 2, stopping the supply of pulses to the summing input of the counter 16. At the time the measured pulse stops, the driver 18 operates and produces a short pulse at its output . Further, there are two options for work. If during the time of existence of the pulse under study, an even number of counting pulses arrived at the input of the trigger 11, then by the time the pulse at the output of the former 18 is received, the AND 8 element is blocked by the lack of potential at the trigger 11. The signal through the AND 8 element on the trigger 12 does not pass and the trigger 11 continues to receive a sequence of counting pulses from the output of the elements And 5 (through the elements OR 19 and And 7). If the number of pulses, the arrival of dih to the input of trigger 11 during the existence of the pulse under study, is not even, then by the moment of appearance of the pulse at the output of the former 18, the element 8 will have a high potential at the corresponding output of the trigger 11 and the pulse from the former 18 will fall on the corresponding trigger input 12. As a result, trigger 12 changes its state, closing element 5, and after a delay in element 14 opens element 6, through which on ele5. cop OR 19 begins to arrive the second sequence, shifted relative to the first 180 °. The presence of an element 14 providing a hold time of 0.5 TO If 1.5 TO leads to the fact that one additional pulse is skipped because Element 4 remains open, and pulses from the trigger output continue to flow to counter 15. When counter 15 overflows, the output produces a pulse that changes the state of the flip-flops 9 and 10, and the elements 4 and 7 are closed, and the element 3, on the contrary, opens the way to the pulses from the output of the element OR 19 to the subtracting input of the counter 16. After the counter 16 counts so much input however, the number of pulses received during the life of the signal at its summing input counter is zeroed and a standard pulse corresponding to the center of the video pulse is formed at the output of element 17. The same impulse brings the circuit to the initial state, affecting the triggers 10, 11, 12. Thus, the use of two shifted by 180 sequences of counts, as well as different reaction of the device to even or odd amounts of counts in the video of the studied video leads to an increase in 2 times the accuracy of the formation of the moment of the output signal in comparison with the known device. The invention The digital meter of the center of rectangular video pulses, containing a generator of counting pulses, three elements And, three triggers, a reference element cumulative and reversible counters The input of the meter is connected to the first inputs of the first trigger and the first element And, the output of which is through a series-connected reversible counter and element comparing the sub-keys to the input of the second trigger and in the output of the meter, the output of the second trigger is connected, through the second element I to the second input of the reversing counter , the trigger output is connected to the second input of the first and the first pass of the third elements I. The output of the third element is And the cap, the cumulative counter is connected to the second inputs of the second and first triggers, the output of which is connected to the second input of the third element AND, characterized in that in order to improve measurement accuracy, a pulse shaper, two delay elements, an OR element, four AND elements and a trigger are added to it, and the output of the counting pulse generator is connected to the first input of the OR element via the first additional element The body element is AND, and with the second input of the OR element through a sequentially connected parity delay element and the second additional element AND, the output of the element OR is connected to the second input of the second element AND and through the third additional element AND to the second input of the third trigger connected to the output of the first trigger, in addition, the input of the meter through a serially connected pulse shaper and a quarter of the additional element And is connected to the first input of an additional three the second, the second input of which is connected to the output of the device and the installation input of the third trigger, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the fourth additional element And, moreover, the outputs of the additional trigger are connected respectively to the second input of the fourth additional element And, moreover, the outputs of the additional trigger are connected respectively, with the second input of the first additional element And through the second delay element with the second input of the second additional element I. Sources of information, taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 455316, cl. G 04 F 10/04, 1976.

2. USSR author's certificate number 423095, cl. (g 04 F 10/04, 1974 (prototype).