SU873970A1

SU873970A1 - Method of separating tree green from branches and limbs

Info

Publication number: SU873970A1
Application number: SU802919198A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Евгений Николаевич Быков
Original assignee: Карельский научно-исследовательский институт лесной промышленности
Priority date: 1980-05-05
Filing date: 1980-05-05
Publication date: 1981-10-23

Description

Изобретение относится к обработке лесоматериалов, в частности к способу отделения древесной зелени от сучьев и ветвей, и предназначено для исполь- j эования в сельском и лесном хозяйстве преимущественно при производстве хвойно-витаминной муки.The invention relates to the processing of timber, in particular to a method for separating woody greenery from branches and branches, and is intended for use in agriculture and forestry mainly in the production of coniferous-vitamin flour.

Известны способы отделения древесной зелени от сучьев и ветвей путем (О их обогрева в скоростном потоке высокотемпературного теплоносителя с низким содержанием свободного кислорода при 400-500°С [1J ..Known methods for separating woody greenery from branches and branches by (On heating them in a high-speed flow of a high-temperature coolant with a low content of free oxygen at 400-500 ° C [1J ..

Недостаток известных способов - |5 низкое качество отделенной древесной зелени, что обусловлено обработкой сучьев и ветвей в процессе отделения от них зелени при высокой температуре 400-500°С, которая практически не 20 встречается в природе при развитии лесонасаждений. В результате такой обработки большая часть биологически активных веществ разрушается, что приводит к значительному снижению качест· ва зелени.A disadvantage of the known methods is | 5 the low quality of the separated woody greens, which is due to the processing of branches and branches during the separation of greens from them at a high temperature of 400-500 ° C, which is practically not found in nature during the development of forest stands. As a result of this treatment, most of the biologically active substances are destroyed, which leads to a significant decrease in the quality of greens.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности и достигаемому эффекту к изобретению является способ отделения . древесной зелени от сучьев и ветвей 30 путем температурной обработки и механического воздействия [2].The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the invention is the method of separation. wood greenery from branches and branches 30 by heat treatment and mechanical stress [2].

При обработке по этому способу зелень нагревают до температуры 45-50°С. В результате нагрева внутреннее содерт жимое зелени расширяется и выталкивает или расплавляет восковые пробки, перекрывающие устьица на поверхности зелени. Через открытые ‘‘устьица¹' внутрь зелени поступают окислители, которые разрушают биологически активные вещества и тем самым также снижают качество отделенной древесной зелени. 'When processing by this method, the greens are heated to a temperature of 45-50 ° C. As a result of heating, the internal content of greenery expands and pushes or melts wax plugs that overlap stomata on the surface of greenery. Through the open stomata ¹ , oxidizing agents enter the greenery, which destroy biologically active substances and thereby also reduce the quality of the separated woody greenery. ''

Цель изобретения - повышение качества отделенной древесной зелени.The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separated woody greens.

Поставленная цель достигается тем,, что температурную обработку сучьев и ветвей с зеленью осуществляют путем воздействия пониженной до минус 29-70°С температурой в течение времени, необходимого для замерзания зелени.This goal is achieved by the fact that the temperature treatment of knots and branches with greenery is carried out by exposure to a temperature lowered to minus 29-70 ° C for the time required to freeze the greenery.

Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что сучья и ветви с зеленью предварительно замораживают при температуре минус 29-70°С, например, в холодильной камере, а затем подвергают механическому воздействию в барабанах, вибраторах и т.п. установках.The essence of the invention lies in the fact that branches and branches with greens are pre-frozen at a temperature of minus 29-70 ° C, for example, in a refrigerator, and then subjected to mechanical action in drums, vibrators, etc. installations.

При замораживании зелень, геометрические размеры которой значительно меньше размеров сучьев и ветвей, имеющих к тому же теплоизоляцию в виде 5 коры, охлаждается быстрее. При этом тонкий слой нежных паренхимных клеток зелени, особо богатых плазматическим содержанием, замерзает и становится хрупким. Вследствие этого охлаждения i jq зелень легко обламывается в результате механического воздействия (вибрации, ударов) и отделяется от древесины сучьев и ветвей в ’'чистом'’ виде без примесей. . _When freezing, greens, whose geometric dimensions are much smaller than the sizes of branches and branches, which also have thermal insulation in the form of 5 bark, are cooled faster. At the same time, a thin layer of tender parenchymal green cells, especially rich in plasma content, freezes and becomes fragile. As a result of this cooling, i jq, greens easily breaks off as a result of mechanical impact (vibration, shock) and is separated from the wood of twigs and branches in a “pure” ’form without impurities. . _

Благодаря тому, что при заморажи- ’⁵вании содержимое зелени не расширяется и восковые пробки в ’’устьицах'· сохраняются, окислители внутрь зелени не попадают, что обеспечивает полное сохранение биологически активных ве- 70 ществ. В результате этого качество 'отделенной древесной зелени значительно повышается.Due to the fact that when freeze ^'5 Vania contents of green is not expanded and the wax plug in' stomata '· retained inside oxidants greenery not fall that ensures full preservation of biologically active 70 of Great societies. As a result of this, the quality of the 'separated woody green is significantly improved.

Claims

(54) SPRING OF WOOD-GREEN DIVISION The invention relates to the processing of timber, in particular the method of separating the green wood from the branches and branches, and is intended for use in agriculture and forestry mainly in the production of conifer-vitamin flour. Methods are known for separating wood greens from branches and branches by heating them in a high-speed flow of high-temperature heat transfer medium with a low content of free oxygen at 400-50000 GP. A disadvantage of the known methods is the low quality of the separated wood greens, which is determined by treating the branches and branches during the separation of greens from them at a high temperature of 400-500 ° C, which is practically not encountered in nature during the development of forest plantations. As a result of this treatment, most of the biologically active substances are destroyed, which leads to a significant reduction in the quality of greenery. The closest in terms of the technical essence and effect achieved to the invention is a method of separating wood greens from branches and branches FROM SUCHIEV AND BRANCHES by thermal processing and mechanical action t23. When processed by this method, the greens are heated to temperatures of 45-50 ° C. As a result of the heating, the internal content of the greens expands and pushes or melts the wax plugs that block the stomata on the green surface. Through open stomata inside the greens come oxidizers, which destroy biologically active substances and thereby also reduce the quality of the separated wood greens. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the separated wood greens. The goal is achieved by that the temperature treatment of branches and branches with greens is carried out by exposure to a temperature that is lowered to minus 29-70 ° C for the time required for the greenness to freeze. The essence of the invention is that the branch and the branches with greens are pre-frozen at a temperature of minus 29-70 ° C, for example, in a refrigerating chamber, and then subjected to 3,873 mechanical effects in drums, vibrators, etc. installations. When freezing, the greens, the geometric p) dimensions of which are significantly smaller than the sizes of the branches and branches, which also have a thermal insulation in the form of bark, are cooled more rapidly. At the same time, a thin layer of tender green parenchymal cells, especially rich in plasma content, freezes and becomes fragile. As a result of this cooling, the greens easily break off as a result of mechanical action (vibration, shock) and are separated from the wood of the branches and branches in their pure form without any impurities. Due to the fact that during freezing the contents of the greens do not expand and the wax plugs in the stomata are retained, oxidizers do not enter the interior of the greens, which ensures the complete preservation of biologically active substances. As a result, the quality 04 of the separated wood greens is greatly enhanced. Claims of Invention The method of separating the green leaves from branches and branches by thermal treatment and mechanical action, in that, in order to improve the quality of the separated green trees, the thermal processing of the branches and branches c. greens are carried out by exposing the temperature to minus 29-70 ° C with the temperature for the time needed to freeze the greens. Sources of information taken into account in the examination i. USSR author's certificate it 510197, cl. A 01 G 23/00, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate 303077, cl. A 61 K 27/14, 1970.