SU873293A1

SU873293A1 - Method and device for sliding low-current contact treatment

Info

Publication number: SU873293A1
Application number: SU792809630A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Георгиевич Куранов; Сергей Владимирович Бобырев
Original assignee: Саратовский политехнический институт
Priority date: 1979-08-17
Filing date: 1979-08-17
Publication date: 1981-10-15

Description

Изобретение относится к обработке слаботочных скользящих контактов (сск) из благородных металлов, применяемых в коллекторах, коммутаторах, потенциометрах и других прецизионных контактных узлах приборов ⁵и систем автоматического управления, а также к области измерительной техники, и предназначено для исследования процесса контактирования ССК, . ' для.определения ведущего процесса фрикционной непроводимости и фазы этого процесса.The invention relates to the processing of low-current sliding contacts (SSC) of precious metals used in collectors, switches, potentiometers and other precision contact nodes of devices ⁵ and automatic control systems, as well as to the field of measuring equipment, and is intended for studying the contacting process of CCK, '' to determine the leading process of frictional conductivity and the phase of this process.

Известен способ обработки контактов путем нанесения на рабочую поверх-_>5ность контактов слоя благородного металла, заключающийся в том, что указанный слой наносят путем обработки рабочей поверхности контактов трением, в результате чего происходит _Λдиффузия атомарного кислорода к поверхности трения с созданием на контактной поверхности слоя, обогащенного золотом [13·There is a known method of treating contacts by applying a noble metal layer onto the working surface of the _{> 5} contact surface, namely, the said layer is applied by treating the working surface of the contacts by friction, as a result of which _Λ diffuses atomic oxygen to the friction surface with the creation of a layer on the contact surface enriched with gold [13 ·

Однако этот способ применим только к ССК, изготовленных из сплавов на основе золота. В других случаях такая обработка контактных поверхностей эффекта не дает.However, this method is applicable only to CCK made of gold-based alloys. In other cases, this treatment of contact surfaces does not give an effect.

Известно устройство для изменения динамического сопротивления электрических контактов, содержащее цифровой вольтметр и цифровой измеритель интервалов времени, осциллограф, Генератор импульсов, коммутатор, образцовое и регулируемое сопротивление, а также блок фиксированной задержки, измерительный ключ, узел регулируемой задержки, блок регулируемой задержки [2].A device for changing the dynamic resistance of electrical contacts, containing a digital voltmeter and a digital meter of time intervals, an oscilloscope, a pulse generator, a switch, an exemplary and adjustable resistance, as well as a fixed delay unit, a measuring key, an adjustable delay unit, an adjustable delay unit [2].

Известно также устройство, содержащее высокочастотный генератор, параллельный колебательный контур, который подсоединен к высокочастотному генератору через последовательно подключенное развязывающее сопротивление, а измеряемое сопротивление с шунтом подключено в одну из ветвей колебательного контура, соединенного последовательно с анализатором-регистратором ГзД.It is also known a device containing a high-frequency generator, a parallel oscillatory circuit, which is connected to the high-frequency generator through a series-connected decoupling resistance, and the measured resistance with a shunt is connected to one of the branches of the oscillating circuit, connected in series with the analyzer-recorder GZD.

Недостатком этих устройств является то, что в процессе измерения уровня динамического контактного сопротивления они не позволяют определить мезанизм фрикционной непроводимости. Наиболее близким по технической сущности к изобретению является способ -обработки контактов из благородных металлов и их сплавов путем химической обработки контактных поверхностей и их механической очистки при пропускании через контакты тока силой 3-5 мА, при контактном усилии 1,5-3 сН, при скорости скольжения 40-50 см/с с одновременным измерением величины переходного сопротивления контактов [4].The disadvantage of these devices is that in the process of measuring the level of dynamic contact resistance, they do not allow to determine the mechanism of frictional conductivity. The closest in technical essence to the invention is a method of processing contacts from precious metals and their alloys by chemical treatment of contact surfaces and their mechanical cleaning by passing current through the contacts with a force of 3-5 mA, with a contact force of 1.5-3 cN, at a speed slip 40-50 cm / s with simultaneous measurement of the contact resistance of the contacts [4].

Недостаток этого способа заключается в том, что при обработке контактов из сплавов благородных металлов, например, из платины и палладия на контактных поверхностях этих контактов образуется рыхлая окисная пленка, которая вызывает увеличение переходного сопротивления и снижает надежность контактирования.The disadvantage of this method is that when processing contacts from precious metal alloys, for example, from platinum and palladium, a loose oxide film is formed on the contact surfaces of these contacts, which causes an increase in transient resistance and reduces the reliability of contacting.

Наиболее близким для осуществления способа обработки контактов является устройство, содержащее привод для перемещения контактов относительно друг друга, преобразователь, сглаживающий блок, сумматор, один из входов которого непосредственно соединен с выходом преобразователя, а другой 'вход соединен с выходом преобразователя· вход соединен с выходом преобразовате ля через сглаживающий блок, и индика-* Тор [5]. _t The closest to the implementation of the contact processing method is a device containing a drive for moving contacts relative to each other, a converter, a smoothing unit, an adder, one of the inputs of which is directly connected to the output of the converter, and the other 'input is connected to the output of the converter · input is connected to the output of the converter For through the smoothing block, and indicator- * Tor [5]. _t

Недостаток этого устройства состоит в том, что оно не позволяет определить момент установления наименьшей величйны переходного сопротивления контактов при разрушении окисной пленки, в который подают пары органического вещества на контактные поверхности обрабатываемых контактов.The disadvantage of this device is that it does not allow to determine the moment of establishing the smallest magnitude of the transition resistance of the contacts during the destruction of the oxide film, which is fed a pair of organic matter on the contact surfaces of the treated contacts.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности контактирования и износостойкости ССК из благородных металлов и их сплавов за счет создания на контактных поверхностях защитной пленки, обладающей тонельной проводимостью и предохраняющей контакты от схватывания.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of contacting and wear resistance of SSK from noble metals and their alloys by creating a protective film on the contact surfaces with tonal conductivity and protecting the contacts from setting.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, : что контактные поверхности предвари тельно очищают в зоне контактирования от окисной пленки путем взаимного трения контактов, а химическую обработку контактных поверхностей производят парами·органического вещества в закрытой камере, причем момент подачи паров органического вещества определяют по установлению наименьшей величины переходного сопротивления контактов.This goal is achieved in that: the contact surfaces are preliminarily cleaned from the oxide film in the contact zone by mutual friction of the contacts, and the contact surfaces are chemically treated with pairs of organic matter in a closed chamber, and the moment of supply of organic matter vapors is determined by establishing the lowest transition resistance contacts.

При этом с целью повышения точности определения времени подачи паров органического вещества на контактные поверхности обрабатываемых контактов, устройство снабжено источником постоянного напряжения с клеммами для подключения обрабатываемых контактов блоком нелинейности, дополнительным индикатором и дополнительным сглаживающим блоком, причем вход блока нелинейности соединен с клеммЬми для подключения обрабатываемых контактов, а выход соединен со входом упомянутого преобразоватедя, дополнительный ининдикатор подключен к выходу сглаживающего блока,вход дополнительного сглаживающего блока через детектор подключен к выходу сумматора, а вход его - к основному индикатору.Moreover, in order to improve the accuracy of determining the time for the supply of organic vapor to the contact surfaces of the processed contacts, the device is equipped with a constant voltage source with terminals for connecting the processed contacts with a nonlinearity block, an additional indicator and an additional smoothing block, and the input of the nonlinearity block is connected to the terminals for connecting the processed contacts , and the output is connected to the input of the aforementioned converter, an additional indicator is connected to the output with the ironing block, the input of the additional smoothing block through the detector is connected to the output of the adder, and its input to the main indicator.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображены закрытая камеры и привод; на фиг. 2 схема устройства для осуществления способа.In FIG. 1 schematically shows a closed chamber and drive; in FIG. 2 diagram of a device for implementing the method.

Устройство содержит привод, состоящий из электродвигателя 1 и электромагнитной муфты 2, камеру 3, соединенную с ретортой 4, в которой нагревается нагревателем 5 органическое вещество, например, ацетон, источник ·· постоянного напряжения 6 с клеммами для подключения обрабатываемых поверхностей контактов 7, блок нелинейности 8, вход которого соединен с клеммами 9 для подключения обрабатываемых контактов, а выход соединен со входом преобразователя 10, сумматор 11, один вход которого соединен непосредственно с выходом преобразователя 10, а другой - через сглаживающий блок 12, сглаживающий блок .13, вход которого подключен к выходу сумматора 11 через детектор 14, а выход подключен к индикатору 15, индикатор 16 подключен ко входу сумматора 11, соединенному с выходом преобразователя 10 через сглаживающий блок 12.The device comprises a drive consisting of an electric motor 1 and an electromagnetic coupling 2, a chamber 3 connected to a retort 4, in which an organic substance, for example, acetone, a constant voltage source ·· 6 with terminals for connecting contact surfaces to be treated 7 is heated by a heater 5, a nonlinearity block 8, the input of which is connected to the terminals 9 for connecting the processed contacts, and the output is connected to the input of the converter 10, the adder 11, one input of which is connected directly to the output of the converter 10, and the other through the smoothing unit 12, the smoothing unit .13, the input of which is connected to the output of the adder 11 through the detector 14, and the output is connected to the indicator 15, the indicator 16 is connected to the input of the adder 11 connected to the output of the converter 10 through the smoothing unit 12.

Электродвигатель Ί через электромагнитную муфту 2 приводит во вращение коллектор контактов 7, при этом щетки.контактов воздействуют на коллектор с усилием 1,5-3 сН. Скорость, перемещения контактных поверхностей 40-50 см/с.Через контакты пропускается ток 3-5 мА. Окисная пленка на ₅ контактных поверхностях разрушается и переходное сопротивление контактов становится наименьшим. Момент удаления окисной пленки определяют по установлению величины наименьшего пе- ю реходного сопротивления при помощи индикаторов 15 и 16. По показаниям индикатора 15 определяют величину стационарного контактного шума, равного единицам Ома при удалении с . 15 контактных поверхностей окисной пленки ки, а по показаниям индикатора 16 определяют математическое ожидание величины переходного сопротивления контактов, равно десятым долям Ома ₂₀при удалении с контактных поверхностей окисной пленки. В момент удаления окисной пленки с контактных поверхностей в камеру 3 подают насыщенные пары ацетона, нагретого до точ-₂₅ки кипения в реторте4 при помощи нагревателя 5. Пары ацетона взаимодействуют с материалом контактов, полимеризуются и на контактной поверхности образуется защитная пленка обладающая тонельной проводимостью и предохраняющая контакты от схватывания. Момент окончания образования окисной пленки определяют по установлению ве личины переходного сопротивления практически равной нулю, при помощи индика тора 15.The electric motor Ί through the electromagnetic coupling 2 drives the collector of contacts 7, while the brushes of the contacts act on the collector with a force of 1.5-3 cN. The speed, movement of the contact surfaces is 40-50 cm / s. A current of 3-5 mA is passed through the contacts. The oxide film on ₅ contact surfaces is destroyed and the contact resistance of the contacts becomes the smallest. The moment of removal of the oxide film is determined by establishing the value of the smallest transition resistance with the help of indicators 15 and 16. According to the readings of indicator 15, the value of the stationary contact noise equal to Ohm units when removing c is determined. 15 of the contact surfaces of the oxide film, and according to the readings of indicator 16, the mathematical expectation of the transition resistance of the contacts is equal to tenths of Ohm ₂₀ when the oxide film is removed from the contact surfaces. At the time of removing the oxide film from the contact surfaces into the chamber 3 is fed saturated vapor of acetone, heated to boiling ki precise ₂₅ in retorte4 by the heater 5. Pairs acetone interact with contact material, and polymerized at the contact surface is formed a protective film having conductivity and protects tonelnoy contacts from setting. The moment of the end of the formation of the oxide film is determined by establishing the transition resistance value practically equal to zero, using indicator 15.

щитной пленки, обладающей тоннельной проводимостью и предохраняющей контакты от схватывания, поверхности контактов предварительно очищают в эоне контактирования от окисной пленки путем взаимного трения контактов, а химическую обработку производят парами органического вещества в закрытой камере, причем момент подачи органического вещества определяют по установлению наименьшей величины переходного сопротивления контактов.a shield film with tunneling conductivity and protecting contacts from setting, the contact surfaces are preliminarily cleaned from the oxide film by contact friction in the contact aeon, and chemical treatment is carried out with pairs of organic matter in a closed chamber, and the moment of supply of organic matter is determined by establishing the lowest transition resistance contacts.

2. Устройство для осуществления способа обработки контактов, содержащее привод для перемещения контактов относительно друг друга, камеру, .. . преобразователь, сглаживающий блок, сумматор, один из входов которого непосредственно соединен с выходом преобразователя, а другой вход соединен с выходом преобразователя через сглаживающий блок, и индикатор, соединенный с выходом сумматора, отличающееся тем, что, ,с целью повышения точности определения времени подачи паров органического вещества, оно снабжено источником постоянного напряжения с клеммами для подключения обрабатываемых контактов, блоком нелинейности, Дополнительным индикатором и дополнительным сглаживающим блоком, причем вход блока нелинейности соединен с клеммами для подключения обрабатываемых контактов, а выход соединен со входом упомянутого преобразователя, дополнительный индикатор подключен к выходу сглаживающего блока, вход дополнительного сглаживающего блока через детектор2. A device for implementing a contact processing method, comprising a drive for moving contacts relative to each other, a camera, ... a converter, a smoothing unit, an adder, one of the inputs of which is directly connected to the output of the converter, and the other input is connected to the output of the converter through a smoothing unit, and an indicator connected to the output of the adder, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of determining the time of vapor supply organic matter, it is equipped with a constant voltage source with terminals for connecting the processed contacts, a nonlinearity block, an Additional indicator and an additional smoothing block, p When in use, the input nonlinearity block connected to terminal contacts for the connection processed and the output connected to the input of said converter, an additional indicator connected to the output of the smoothing unit smoothing an additional input block through the detector

Claims

(54) METHOD OF TREATMENT OF SLIDING low-current contacts and apparatus therefor The present invention relates to the treatment of low-voltage sliding contacts (s) of noble metals employed in the reservoirs, switches, potentiometers and other precision contact assemblies of devices and automatic control systems as well as to the field of measuring equipment, and is intended to investigate the process of contacting the SSC,. to determine the leading process of the friction nonconductivity and phase of this process. The method of contact processing by applying a noble metal layer to the working surface of contacts is known, which means that the specified layer is applied by treating the working surface of contact contacts by friction, as a result of which diffusion of atomic oxygen to the surface of friction occurs, creating a layer on the contact surface gold l3 However, this method is applicable only to SSC, made of alloys based on gold. In other cases, such treatment of the contact surfaces does not produce any effect. A device for changing the dynamic resistance of electrical contacts is known, comprising a digital voltmeter and a digital time interval meter, an oscilloscope, a pulse generator, a switch, an exemplary and adjustable resistance, as well as a fixed delay unit, a measuring switch, an adjustable delay node, an adjustable delay unit 2 It is also known a device containing a high-frequency generator, a parallel oscillating circuit, which is connected to a high-frequency generator through a sequence no connected decoupling impedance and the measured impedance is connected in shunt with one of the branches 3 oscillation circuit connected in series with a torus-analnz 1zZ registrar. The disadvantage of these devices is that in the process of measuring the level of dynamic contact resistance, they do not allow the determination of the meaneism of frictional nonconductivity. The closest in technical essence to the invention is a method of processing contacts from noble metals and their alloys by chemical treatment of contact surfaces and their mechanical cleaning by passing a current of 3-5 mA through the contacts, at a contact force of 1.5-3 cN, The slip velocity is 40–30 cm / s with simultaneous measurement of the contact resistance C4J. The disadvantage of this method is that when processing contacts from alloys of noble metals, for example, from platinum and palladium, a loose oxide film is formed on the contact surfaces of these contacts, which causes an increase in the transient resistance and decreases the reliability of the contact. The closest method for processing contacts is the device containing a drive for moving the contacts relative to each other, a converter, a smoothing unit, an adder, one of the inputs of which is directly connected to the output of the converter, and the other input is connected to the output of the converter l through the smoothing block, and the indicator 5. The disadvantage of this device is that it does not allow to determine the time of establishing the smallest transition adapter contacts are caused by the destruction of the oxide film, in which vapors of organic matter are fed to the contact surfaces of the contacts being processed. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of contacting and wear resistance of sections made of noble metals and their alloys by creating on the contact surfaces a protective film possessing a thin conductivity and protecting the contact from seizure. The goal is achieved by that; that the contact surfaces are preliminarily cleaned in the contact zone from the oxide film by mutual friction of the contacts, and chemical treatment of the contact surfaces is performed by vapors-organic matter in a closed chamber, and the moment of supply of vapors of organic matter is determined by establishing the smallest contact transient resistance. At the same time, in order to increase the accuracy of determining the time of supply of organic matter vapors to the contact surfaces of the contacts to be processed, the device is supplied with a constant voltage source with terminals for connecting the processed contacts by a nonlinearity unit, an additional indicator and an additional smoothing unit, and the input of the nonlinearity unit is connected to terminals the contacts to be processed are connected, and the output is connected to the input of the said converter, an additional indicator is connected to the output dy smoothing unit smoothing an additional input of the block through a detector connected to the output-adder, and its input - to main indicator. Fig. 1 schematically shows the closed chamber and the drive; Fig. 2, devices for carrying out the method. The device comprises an actuator consisting of an electric motor 1 and an electromagnetic clutch 2, a chamber 3 connected to a retort 4, in which an organic substance, for example acetone, is heated by a heater 5. constant voltage 6 with terminals for connecting the machined surfaces of the contacts 7, a nonlinearity unit 8, the input of which is connected to terminals 9 for connecting the contacts to be processed, and the output connected to the input of the converter 10, an adder 11, one input of which is connected directly to the output of the converter 10, and the other through a smoothing block 12, a smoothing block .13, whose input is connected to the output of the adder 11 via the detector 14, and the output is connected to the indicator 15, the indicator 16 is connected to the input of the adder 11 connected to the output m transducer 10 via s, glazhivayuschy block 12. The motor 1 through the electromagnetic clutch 2 rotates the collector contacts 7, wherein schetki.kontaktov affect the count lecturer firmly 1.5-3 cN. The velocity V of the movement of the contact surfaces is 40-50 cm / s. Through the contacts, it transmits a current of 3-5 mA. The oxide film on the contact surfaces is destroyed and the contact resistance of the contacts becomes the smallest. The moment of removal of the oxide film is determined by determining the magnitude of the smallest transition resistance using indicators 15 and 16. The indicator 15 determines the magnitude of the stationary contact noise, equal to Ohms units when removing c. contact surfaces of the oxide film, and based on the indications of indicator 16, the expectation of the magnitude of the contact resistance of the contacts is determined to be equal to tenths of Ohm when the oxide film is removed from the contact surfaces. At the moment the oxide film is removed from the contact surfaces, saturated acetone vapors are heated into chamber 3 and heated to boiling point in retort4 by means of heater 5. Acetone vapors interact with the contact material, polymerize, and a protective film with a thin film is formed on the contact surface and preventing contact from seizing. The end of the formation of the oxide film is determined by determining the magnitude of the transition resistance of a practically slave zero using indicator 15. Claim 1. Investigation method for sliding low-current contacts is mainly made of noble metals and their alloys by chemical treatment of contact surfaces and their mechanical cleaning by passing a current of 3-5 mA through the contacts, with a KOHtaKT force of 1.5-3 cN, at a sliding speed of 40-50 cm / s, while simultaneously measuring the magnitude of the transition resistance of the contacts characterized in that, in order to increase contact reliability and wear resistance of contacts by creating a protective film on the contact surfaces with tunnel conductivity and preventing the contacts from sticking, the contact surfaces are pre-cleaned in the contact zone of the oxide film by mutual contact friction, chemical treatment is performed by vapors of organic matter in a closed chamber, and the moment of supply of organic matter is determined by establishing the smallest value and Transition resistance contacts 2. An apparatus for carrying out the method of processing of contacts comprising actuator for moving the contacts relative to each other, the chamber,. . a converter, a smoothing unit, an adder, one of the inputs of which is directly connected to the output of the converter, and the other input is connected to the output of the converter via a smoothing unit, and an indicator connected to the output of the adder, in order to increase the accuracy of determining the time of supply of vapors of organic matter; it is supplied with a constant voltage source with terminals for connecting the processed contacts, a nonlinearity unit. An additional indicator and an additional smoothing unit, the nonlinearity block input is connected to the terminals for connecting the processed contacts, and the output is connected to the input of the above converter, an additional indicator is connected to the output of the smoothing block, the input of the additional smoothing block is connected to the output of the adder, and its output - to the main indicator. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 238023, cl. H 01 H 11/04, 1969, 2. USSR author's certificate No. 411391, cl. Q 01 H 27/00, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate number 365662, cl. Q 01 8 27/00, 1979.

3. USSR author's certificate number 365662, cl. Q 01 H 27/00, 1979,

4. The author's certificate of the USSR 640381, cl. H 01 H P / 04, 1978,

5. Authors certificate USSR 401929, class, Q O B {27/00, 1974 (prototype).

WITH