SU870570A1

SU870570A1 - Shore protecting lug

Info

Publication number: SU870570A1
Application number: SU802868883A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Ирина Яковлевна Мелик-Бахтамян; Николай Евгеньевич Тевдорашвили
Original assignee: Грузинский Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Политехнический Институт Им.В.И.Ленина
Priority date: 1980-01-11
Filing date: 1980-01-11
Publication date: 1981-10-07

Description

(54) БЕРЕГОЗАЩИТНАЯ ШПОРА(54) PROTECTIVE HURRY

Изобретение относитс к речным берегозащитным сооруже1ш м, а именно к берегозащитным шпорам, и может быть использовано дл защиты и восстановлени размытых берегов, выправлени - русел, а также обеспечени устойчивости земл ного полотна дорог, пролегающих вдоль предгорных и горюос участков рек. Известны регулирз%)щие конструкции., основанные на методе поперечной цирку л щш, вклочакицие плавучие щиты-понто ны 1 . Однако известные конструкции струе направл ющих систем, эффективно примен емые с целью защиты водозаборов от на&осов, вл ютс не: ффектив1аош как берегозащитные сооружени . Незффективность известных конструк ций струенаправл ющих систем как за1ЦИТИЫХ сооружений обусловлена тем, что у paз aIвaeмoгo берега рекиэ как правило, большие глубины и большие скорости потока, в этих услови х струенаправл юща система получаетс значительной по длине, сложной по конструкции и громоздкой в эксплуатации. Вместе с тем, известные конструкции регулировочных сооружений, Состо щие из систем поверхностных ип только донных направл ющих, не обеспечивают полного эффекта искусственного переформировани структуры потока в необходимом направленин по всей высоте сооружени , поэтому не в полной мере используетс энерги потока и его наносотранспортирующа способность как дл отвода потока от размываемого берега и гашени его энергии в прибреж ной части, так и дл восстановлени размытого берега речными наносами. Кроме того, известшле конструкции быстро деформируютс и разрушаютс при увеличении крупности влекомых рекой . наносов. Особенно это сказываетс на предгорных и горных участках рек с крупно-обломочными материалами. Вместе с тем, на таких участках рек происходит резкое изменение уровней воды, и струенаправл ющие системы плавучих конструкций, ссажива сь на дно реки, подвергаютс большим разрушени м. Наиболее близким к изобретению тех ническим решением вл етс берегозащитна шпора, состо ща из отдельных бычков со сквозными каналами между ни ми 2. В св зи с тем, что в известной шпо ре каналы по всей высоте бычков распо ложены в одном направлении с отклоне нием от нормали к продольной оси шпоры в сторону русла, не обеспечиваетс полный эффект искусственного переформировани структуры потока и его наносотранспортирующей способности. В результате поперечной циркул ции и винтообразного движени в нижних част х каналов донные струи отклон ютс в сторону русла и наносы унос тс речным потоком, а поверхностные струи отклон ютс в сторону защищаемого берега , способству его размьюу. Отрицательный эффект расположени каналов в нижней части шпоры с отклонением от нормали к продольной оси шпоры в сторону русла по направлению течени особенно сказываетс при прохождении руслоформирующих расходов. Кроме того, в известной шпоре каналы выполнены в виде открытых лотков или закрытых галерей и вл ютс недостаточно мощными и малоэффективными Открытые лотки или закрытые галереи при прохождении паводковых вод быстро забиваютс влекомыми речными наносами и плавающими предметами, и шпора превращаетс в глухзда-конструкцию, в св зи с чем тер етс эффект гидравлического барьера, увеличиваютс местные размывы, бычки шпоры быстро деформируютс и разрушаютс . Целью изобретени вл етс повышение эффективности берегозащитной Шпоры путем усилени искусственной по перечной циркул ции. Поставленна цель достигаетс тем. что бычки выполнены по высоте из Х-обThe invention relates to a river bank protection structure, in particular to bank protection spurs, and can be used to protect and restore blurred banks, straightening - channels, as well as to ensure the stability of the earth bed roads running along the foothill and goryos river sections. Known regulating structures based on the method of transverse circulating circuits including floating shields are known. However, the known constructions of jet guide systems that are effectively used to protect water intakes from a & are not: effective as shore protection structures. The ineffectiveness of well-known structures of the straightening systems as CLARIFIC structures is due to the fact that, on the AE of the banks of the river, as a rule, there are great depths and large flow rates, under these conditions, the guide-line system is considerable in length, complicated in design and cumbersome to operate. At the same time, the known constructions of the adjusting structures, consisting of the surface ip systems of only bottom guides, do not provide the full effect of artificially re-forming the flow structure in the required direction over the entire height of the structure, therefore, the flow energy and its nano-transporting capacity are not fully used as for removal of the stream from the eroded shore and damping of its energy in the coastal part, and for restoring the eroded shore with river sediments. In addition, structural structures quickly deform and collapse as the size of the river increases. sediment. This especially affects foothill and mountainous areas of rivers with large detrital materials. At the same time, on such parts of the rivers there is a sharp change in the water levels, and the streamlining systems of floating structures, collapsing on the bottom of the river, are subjected to great destructions. The technical solution closest to the invention is a shore spur consisting of individual bulls with through channels between the two. In connection with the fact that in a known spur, the channels along the entire height of the bulls are located in the same direction with a deviation from the normal to the longitudinal axis of the spur towards the channel, the full effect of the arts is not provided. nnogo Regroup flow structure and its ability nanosotransportiruyuschey. As a result of transverse circulation and helical movement in the lower parts of the channels, the bottom jets are deflected towards the channel and sediments are carried away by the river flow, and the surface jets are deflected towards the protected shore, contributing to its size. The negative effect of the location of the channels in the lower part of the spur with a deviation from the normal to the longitudinal axis of the spur in the direction of the channel in the direction of flow is especially pronounced when the channel-forming costs pass. In addition, in the well-known spur, the canals are in the form of open trays or closed galleries and are not powerful enough and ineffective. Open trays or closed galleries when passing through flood waters are quickly clogged with dramatic sediment and floating objects, and the spur turns into a hard-bottom structure Because of this, the effect of the hydraulic barrier is lost, the local erosion increases, the spur gobies quickly deform and collapse. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the shore protection spur by enhancing the artificial circulation of pepper. The goal is achieved by those. that bulls are made in height from the X-about

разно установленных в плане массивов, причем каналы между нижними массивами направлены в сторону защищаемого берега , а между верхними - в сторону русла , причем массивы установлены с возможностью вертикального перемещени . На фиг. 1 изображена берегозащитна шпора, вид в плане; на фиг. 2 при помощи одиночных ма чных свай; при галечно-гравийных отложени х с включением булыг и валунов при помощи продольных и поперечных св зей из арматурной стали.differently arranged arrays in plan, with the channels between the lower arrays directed towards the protected shore, and between the upper ones towards the channel, and the arrays are installed with the possibility of vertical movement. FIG. 1 shows a shore spur, plan view; in fig. 2 using single woven piles; with pebble and gravel deposits with the inclusion of pines and boulders with the help of longitudinal and transverse connections of reinforcing steel.

Claims

In connection with the force of the transverse circulation of the flow and the power of the hydraulic barrier from a part of the flow, the front view is passed; in fig. 3 - the same, in a perspective view. The spur consists of an X-shaped system of arrays 1 and 2 installed in plan and channels 3 and 4 formed between them, which are located in two directions. Channels 3, located at the bottom of the spur, between arrays 1, are directed towards the protected shore, and channels 4, located at the top of the spur, between arrays 2, are directed towards the channel. The figures also indicate the protected shore 5, surface jets 6 and 7, bottom jets 8 and 9. Arrays can be fixed relative to each other using masque piles located in their holes, or flexible hinges that provide vertical movement of arrays . The protection spur works as follows. The river flow in front of the spur is divided into parts, one part bends around the head of the spur and aspires to the protected bank 5, and the other part passes through the system of channels 3 and 4, as a result of transverse circulation and a double helical motion, it is divided into surface and bottom jets. The surface jets 6 and 7 of channels 3 and 4 are directed towards the channel, creating a hydraulic barrier for the stream that goes around the head of the spur, extinguishes its energy. Bottom jets 8 and 9 from the system of channels 3 and 4 with drawn sediments and floating objects are directed toward the side of coast 5 and, as a result of damping of speeds, settling behind the spur, intensively fill the space behind it, forming a sandy-gravel group, which with time overgrown, forms the shore. Depending on the local conditions, the system of X-shaped arrays is fixed relative to each other, ensuring their vertical movement during fine-grained otozh, allowing clogging pile. 5 through the through part of the spur, the protection zone of the shore increases by a factor of 8 compared with the known design of the spur, which reduces the consumption of building materials and the cost of protecting 1 meter of shore by 50-80%. The limits of these values depend on the conditions at which the stream approaches the spur and the outline of the bank. Laboratory studies of the invention on a large-scale model with significant flow rates and erosion showed that, compared with the well-known through spur, reliability and durability of the structure significantly increase, and after passing the first floods, the space behind the spur, which nature will be overgrown with shrubs and trees. The planned experimental construction of a spur from prefabricated concrete blocks fixed relative to YURUG by each other is articulated from armature. molecular weight and became so using ma chiyh piles. 0 The invention formula. A shore spur consisting of individual gobies with through channels between them, characterized in that, in order to increase its efficiency by strengthening the artificial transverse circulation of the flow, the gobies are made in the shape of X in shape. established in the plan of the arrays, and the channels between these arrays are directed towards the protected shore, and between the upper ones - towards the channel,

2. Shore protection spur, according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrays are installed with the possibility of vertical movement. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Altunii S, T, Regulation channels. 1962, p. 166-169, 2, USSR Copyright Certificate 136248, cl. Е 02 В 3/12, 1959 (prototype).