SU859616A1 - Apparatus for measuring depth of borehole at drilling - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to techniques for measuring depth, in particular of drilled wells, and may find application in the oil and gas industry.

Known devices for measuring the depth of wells drilled by an indirect method for the angular displacement of the rollers of the crown block {1J.

A device is known for measuring the depth of a well during drilling, comprising a winch speed sensor, a hook weight sensor, a logic unit and a counter unit. In order to improve the accuracy of measuring the depth of the wells by compensating for the error that occurs when changing the layers of the rope, it is equipped with a correction unit connected between the logic block and the counter block and containing a fractional pulse generator, the rope layer counter, code dialing blocks - key trigger, pulse shaper, OR circuit , encoders of the circuit AND and a reversible pulse counter, moreover, the output of the logic unit is connected to the counting input of the rope layer counter, the output of which is connected through one of the code dialing blocks and the encoder to the first by means of AND circuits, and the output of the fractional pulse generator through a key trigger and a second block of code and cipher dialing connected in series, the torus is connected to the second inputs of the * AND circuits, the outputs of which are sequentially through an OR circuit, a trigger key, a reverse pulse counter and a pulse shaper are connected to the input block counters [2].

' ^and In the last device, the recognition of idle strokes of the tackle system (raising and lowering the hook block _; bee of the tool) is performed by -. the signal from the weight sensor to.

hook.

Due to the fact that the weight sensor ‘on the hook is installed on the dead end of the tackle block, the weight on the hook is closest to the weight of one candle of drill pipes due to errors in the tackle system is not clearly fixed. And, therefore, as a result of measurement, failures appear. Failures also appear 25 when the drilling tool is pulled into deviated wells, where friction of the drilling tool against the walls of the wells takes place.

The purpose of the invention is to increase accuracy.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the known device containing interconnected logic unit, correction unit, counter unit and • winch speed sensor connected to the logic unit is equipped with a recognition unit for idle strokes of the hoist system, made in the form of a receiver connected via an antenna with a fixed frequency generator, the output of which is connected to the logic block.

The receiver is made in the form of a resonant amplifier tuned to a fixed oscillator frequency.

Recognition of the idle strokes of the tackle system through the current passing through it with the help of a fixed frequency generator and a receiver with an antenna will allow you to get clear signals for resolution resolution, which makes it possible to increase the reliability of the device.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an installation of a drilling rig; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device.

The device comprises a drilling tower 1, crown block 2, a hook block 3 with a suspended square 4 and a drilling tool 5, a winch speed sensor 6, an antenna 7 installed near the rotary table 7. a fixed frequency generator 8, one output terminal of which is grounded and the other connected to the body of the drilling tower at the crown block, a receiver 9 connected to interconnected blocks of logic 10, correction 11, and counters 12.

° During drilling or hoisting operations, when the hook block 3 is in contact with the drilling tool 5 located in the well, an alternating current flows through the crown block 2-hook block 3-square 4-drilling tool 5, the source of which is a fixed-frequency generator 8. Then, in the loop of the antenna 7, an EMF is induced, which is fed to the input of the receiver 9, amplified and fed to the logic unit 10, where a signal is formed for resolution resolution.

The movement of the hook block 3 in the absence of contact with the drilling tool is considered idle, since the generator circuit 8 of a fixed frequency is open. In this case, the EMF guidance is in the antenna circuit 7. consequently, the signal for the resolution of the reference will not be sent to the logic unit 10.

Thus, in the proposed device is the difference between the working moves of the tackle system from idle.

A device for measuring the depth of the well during drilling (FIG. 2) comprises a winch speed sensor 13, a receiver 14 with an antenna, a fixed frequency generator 8 connected to a logic unit 10 consisting of a device 15 for manual input of information through a pulse distributor 16, connected to the reverse control trigger 17 and the OR circuit 18, connected in series with the delay unit 19 and the key 20, which is affected by the selector 21 10'maximum pulse duration, a zero decoder 22, interacting with the circuits And 23 and 24; block 12 counters, interacting with blocks of logic 10 and correction 11 and consisting of a reverse counter 25 • 'Over the face ’’, associated with the counter 26' 'Depth of the face' * *; a correction unit 11, consisting of a reverse counter 27 turns of the rope, acting through the set-up panel 28 on the encoder 29, which is connected with the circuits AND 30. These circuits through the OR 31 circuit act on the key trigger 32. There is also a fractional pulse generator 22, whose pulses through the trigger key 32 is supplied to the counters 34 and 35 pulses. The pulse generator 36 is connected to a counter 34 and another pulse generator 37. The encoder 38 is associated with circuits IZO.

The device operates as follows.

During drilling, the signals of the sensor 13 of the winch speed are fed 35 to the logic unit 10 through the device 15 for manual input of information to the distributor 16 pulses. The latter distributes the pulses of the sensor 13 turns of the winch through the channels up 40 and down, depending on the direction of its rotation. The pulses coming from the distributor 16> to the OR circuit 18 are counted, and the pulses arriving at the reverse control trigger 17 are converted into signals by which the device counters are controlled.

The counting pulses pass through the OR circuit 18, the delay unit 19 and are supplied to the key 20 and to the counting ‘input of the counter 27 of the rope turns.

The key 20 transmits pulses only if there is an electrical contact of the hook block 3 with the square 4 or hanging on the hook block of the square 4 with a 55 column of drill pipes 5 (Fig. 1).

The counter 27 produces a continuous count of the turns of the rope. Signals come from this counter through the code dialing panel 28 'to the encoder 29. ¢ 0 The encoder 29 has five outputs (according to the maximum number of rope layers on the winch drum}. Depending on the pulling number of the rope turns layer, a signal appears on the corresponding encoder output 65 29, which arrives at the corresponding circuit And 30. After passing the key 20, the counting pulses are fed to the pulse shaper 36 of the correction unit 11. The leading edges of the generated pulses reset the counters 34 and the counter is read through the pulse shaper 37 ohm 26, and trailing edges connect the generator 33 fractional pulses through the key trigger 32 to the counting inputs of the counters 34 and 35.

The accumulation of fractional pulses of the generator 33 at these counters occurs up to a certain number of p. | - Pu corresponding to the number of layer of turns of the rope on the winch drum. At the moment when the number of pulses on the counter 34 corresponds to the layer number, a signal also appears at the corresponding output of the encoder 39. If the signals of the encoders 39 and 38 coincide with the corresponding circuit AND 30 through the OR circuit 31, the switch trigger 32 receives the switching permission, the switch trigger 32 interrupts the supply of fractional pulses from the generator 33 to the input of the counters 34 and 35. With the arrival of the subsequent counting pulse, reset counter 34, followed by start counters 34 and 35.

Thus, on the counter 35 there is an accumulation of fractional pulses of the generator 33 to the value of the integer, followed by summing it by the counter 34 through the pulse shaper 36. This impulse is corrective.

The summation of the counting pulses by the counter 26 '' Depth * * is possible only if there is a resolution that comes from the circuit And 24 when the signals from the trigger 17 control reverse and from the decoder 22 zero. The zero decoder 22 gives a signal when there is a contact of the drilling signal from the bottom (counter 25 shows ’'00000' '). When the tool is located above the face, the match occurs on the AND 23 diagram when the tool moves down. In this case

The reverse control trigger 17 switches the device’s reversible counters to add and / or subtract during drilling and hoisting operations.

The number of fractional pulses per counting is determined by the formula

- I

N is the length of one turn of ka-, nata in the layer, m;

- K, ^where

N = 2 - the number of whole pulses per revolution of the winch revolution sensor;

K = 1000 - the price of one whole by him ^{, 5} pulse, mm.

The length of one winding of a rope wound on a drum of a winch of type U2-211 for the first and subsequent layers is: £, = 2086.0 mm; £ _g = 217-1.0mm.

£, = 2261.9 mm, etc. Then the number of fractional pulses for the first and subsequent layers, respectively, n ₁ = 43; n _g = 87; rij = 131, etc.

The manual input device for information 25 is intended for the initial installation of counters 25, 26 and 27.

The code dialing panel 28 is used to make amendments when applying various types of winches and when changing the ed diameter of the hoist rope.

Providing the device with a fixed frequency generator and a receiver with an antenna will improve the reliability of the device. This will help to eliminate failures in measuring the depth of the well and to know the exact position of the bit relative to the bottom. So, if the tool is being lowered, the driller is afraid to hit the instrument.

the bottom hole, in the cone descent reduces the speed. When lifting a tool, the lifting speed decreases due to the danger of raising the rotor table, which can lead to an accident. Thus, accurate knowledge of the position of the tool will help prevent an emergency, avoid an accident and reduce the time it takes for the trigger to switch to subtraction. When the tool moves up, the control signal of the trigger 17 controlled50 operations.

When reversed, the counter 25 switches to summation.

Claims (2)

This goal is achieved by the fact that a known device comprising an interconnected logic block, a correction block, a counter block and a winch speed sensor connected to the logic block is equipped with a single-block idle motion recognition unit made in the form of a receiver connected with an antenna. with a fixed frequency generator, the output of which is connected to a logic block. The receiver is made in the form of a resonant amplifier tuned to a fixed oscillator frequency. Recognizing the idle strokes of the pulley system when a track is passed through it with a station of a fixed frequency generator and a receiver with an antenna, it will be possible to get clear signals for the resolution resolution, which will make it possible to increase the reliability of the device, FIG. 1 shows a setup diagram of a drilling rig in FIG. 2 - device diagram. The device contains a drilling rig 1, a crown block 2, a hook block 3 with a suspended square 4 and a drilling tool 5, a speed sensor of the winch 6, an antenna installed near the rotary table 7. a generator 8 of a fixed frequency, one output terminal of which is grounded and the other is connected to crown block casing, receiver 9 connected to interconnected blocks of logic 10, correction No counters 12, while drilling or lowering operations, when hook block 3 is in contact with the drilling tool 5 that is in the well, circuit crown block-hook block 2 3 4-square-drilling tool 5 straight Tek alternating current source which is the generator 8 fixed line frequency. Then, in the circuit of the antenna 7, an EMF is induced, which is fed to the input of the receiver 9, amplified and fed to the logic block 10, where a signal is generated at the reference time. The rebounding of the hook block 3 in the absence of its contact with the drilling tool is considered idle stroke 1, since the fixed-frequency generator circuit 8 is open. In this case, if there is no electromotive force in the antenna circuit 7, then the readout signal in block 10 of the logic will not arrive. Thus, in the proposed device, the working strokes of the pulley system differ from the empty ones. The device for measuring the well depths in the drilling process (FIG. 2) contains a sensor 13 of the rotational speed, a receiver 14 with an antenna, a generator 8 of a fixed frequency, connected to the logic block 10 consisting of a device 15 for manually entering information through the distributor 16 pulses connected to the reverse control trigger 17 and the OR circuit 18, connected in series with the delay node 19 and the key 20, which is affected by the selector 21 of the maximum pulse duration, the decoder 22 zero, interacting with the And 23 and 24 circuits; block 12 of counters, which interacts with blocks of logic 10 and correction 11 and consists of a reversible counter 25 Over the face connected with counter 26 Depth of the bottom; a correction unit 11 consisting of a reversible counter 27 turns of a rope acting through the encoder panel 28, the encoder 29, which is connected to the AND 30 circuits. These schemes, through the OR 31 circuit, affect the trigger trigger 32. There is also a generator of 22 fractional pulses, pulses which through the key-trigger 32 enters the counters 34 and 35 pulses. A pulse shaper 36 is coupled to a counter 34 and another shaper 37 pulses. The encoder 38 is associated with fine art schemes. The device works as follows. During drilling, the signals from the winch revolutions sensor 13 enter the logic block 10 through the device 15 for manually entering information onto the distributor 16 pulses. The latter distributes the pulses of the winch revolutions sensor 13 through the channels up and down, depending on the direction of its rotation. The pulses coming from the distributor 16 To the OR 18 circuit are countable, and the pulses to the reverse control trigger 17 are converted into signals, which are used to control the device counters. The counting pulses pass through the OR circuit 18f node 19 delay and arrive at the key 20 and at the counting input of the counter 27 turns of the rope. The key 20 only transmits pulses if there is an electrical contact between the hook block 3 and square 4 or square 4 hanging on the box with the drill pipe string 5 (Fig. 1). The counter 27 produces a continuous count of the turns of the rope. From this counter, signals are received through the code dialing panel 28 to the encoder 29. The encoder 29 has five outputs (according to the maximum number of rope layers on the winch drum}, Depending on the number of turns of the rope, the corresponding output of the encoder 29 appears which arrives at the corresponding circuit AND 30 Passing the key 20, the counting pulses are sent to the driver of the 36 pulses of the correction unit 11. The leading edges of the formed pulses produce a reset of the counters 34 and through the driver of the pulses 37 are counted by the counter 26 , and the leading edges connect the generator of the 33 pulse pulses through the key-trigger 32 to the counting inputs of counters 34 and 35. The accumulation of fractional pulses of the generator 33 on these counters occurs up to a certain number n - rij corresponding to the number of the layer of turns of the rope on the winch drum. when the number of pulses on the counter 34 corresponds to the Layer Number, a signal also appears at the corresponding output of the encoder 39 When the signals of the encoders 39 and 38 coincide with the corresponding AND 30 circuit, the OR 31 scheme sends the key-trigger 32 Switching the key-trigger 32 interrupts the supply of fractional pulses from the generator 33 to the input of counters 34 and 3 With the arrival of the subsequent counting pulse, the counter 34 is reset, followed by the start of the counters 34 and 35. Thus, fractional impulses accumulate on the counter 35 The generator 33 and up to the value of the whole with the subsequent accumulation by its counter 34 through the pulse generator 36. This impulse is co-recirculated. The summation of the counting pulses by the counter 26 The depth of the slab is possible only if there is a resolution that comes from the AND 24 scheme when the signals from the reverse control trigger 17 and the decoder 22 zero coincide. The decoder 22 gives a signal when there is a contact of the drilling signal with the bottom (counter 25 shows 00000). When the tool is above the face, a coincidence occurs on the AND 23 diagram when the tool is moving down. In the event of a tool moving upwards, the control signal of the reverse control trigger 17 switches the counter 25 to summation. Thus, if there is a contact of the drilling tool with the bottom hole, the counting pulses are read by the counter 26 The bottom depth and, if there is no contact, by the counter 25 Over the bottom. The counter still maintains the previous readings. The readings of the depth of the well and the position of the tool relative to the bottom of the well are measured in meters. . The reverse control trigger 17 switches the reversible counters of the device to summation and / or subtraction during drilling and tripping operations. The number of fractional pulses per counting pulse is determined by the formula - –k. - length of one turn ka-, nat in a layer, m; -the number of whole pulses per revolution of the winch speed sensor; K 1000 - the price of a single impulse, mm. The length of one coil of cable, wound on a winch of a U2-211 winch, for the first and subsequent layers is: f, 2086.0 mm; 21/1, OhmM; f,, 9 mm, and so on. Then the number of fractional pulses for the first and subsequent layers, respectively, is 43; nj 87; nj 131, etc. The manual data entry device is intended for the initial installation of counters 25, 26 and 27, the Code Dial Panel 28 is used to make corrections when using different types of winches and when changing the diameter of the rope of the tacking system. Supply the device with a fixed frequency generator and a receiver with an antenna will improve the reliability of the device. This will help eliminate failures in measuring the depth of the well and know the exact position of the bit relative to the bottom. So, if the tool is being lowered, then the driller, more likely to hit the tool. the cop about the bottom of a well, in a cone of descent reduces the speed. When the tool is lifted, the lifting speed is reduced due to the danger of lifting the reflex table, which can lead to an accident. Thus, accurate knowledge of the position of the tool will help prevent an emergency situation, avoid an accident and reduce the time for tripping. Claim 1. A device for measuring the depth of a well during drilling process, containing an interconnected block, a correction block, a block of counters and a winch speed sensor connected to a logic block, is required because, in order to improve the accuracy, equipped with a block for recognizing idle strokes of a taeva system, made in the form of a receiver, connected to a fixed frequency, the output of which is connected to the logic unit. 2. The device according to claim 1, so that the receiver is made in the form of a resonant amplifier, tuned to a fixed frequency generator. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, Kulikovskiy, L. and Ushmaev, V. Information-measuring systems for controlling the drilling process, M., Nenra, 1972, p. 52, 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 648722, cl. E 21 B 47/04, 1975.