SU854275A3 - Device for cleaning aluminium electrolyzer sintered electrodes from discarded metal - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the combining of equipment used in the electrolytic production of aluminum, in particular, a device for the cleaning of butt ends of baked anodes,

In the aluminum production baths by electrolysis, oxygen formed during the decomposition of alumina. ma / burns the bottom surface of the carbon anode. As a result, it is necessary at some intervals to replace the material of the anode.

In baths equipped with pre-compacted sintered anodes, this anode consists of several adjacent angles of elements / which are mixed one after another depending on the degree of wear.

The part of the isoded anode that remains coupled to the suspension device is usually called a candle. During replacement, it is necessary to separate these butts from the crust of the hardened electrolyte that covers them in order to extract the electrolyte and coal separately in order to reuse them.

Such cleaning can be carried out either in a specialized workshop that receives the cinder to be cleaned, or on the bath itself, which eliminates the need for transportation, resulting in loss of material. In addition, in the latter case, the separation of the electrolyte crust occurs more easily than after

10 complete cooling.

Typically, this operation is performed using a known device, including a percussion tool, such as a jackhammer.

15 The operation of a jackhammer requires considerable effort from the operator under severe conditions (dust, high temperature).

The invention relates to the improvement of a device for cleaning of buttings, which can be either attached to the installations used in the operation of electrolysis plants.

hardware departments (bridge cranes, bicycle cranes, slewing cranes) or to independent self-propelled vehicles, or installed in a certain month. those in a specialized workshop. According to the invention, the device

30 except jackhammer, supplied

a system of hydraulic cylinders and a folding lever pivotally connected with it, on which a jackhammer is fixed with the ability to be oriented in different planes relative to the ends of burned anodes, and the device can be controlled, at a distance from the control cabin of that machine,

on which it is installed. I

These differences provide an increase in the efficiency of cleaning anode stubs and improving working conditions.

FIG. 1 given the device in the off position in the immediate vicinity of the electrolysis cell, from which the worn-out element will be removed, front view; ig ,; FIG. 2 is the same in the plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. if in FIG. 3 - the same, in the position before the start of cleaning of the worn anode element, preliminary removed from the bath; on f. 4 - the same view in the plan; in fig. 5 - a device that destroys the crust of the hardened electrolyte covering the candle.

In the bath electric current. supplied by the anode busbars 51 and 1, is directed to the liquid electrolyte 2 successively through the aluminum rod 3, which is in contact with the bus 1 through the clamp 4, the steel block 5, steel rods b and the carbon blocks 7 and the worn element 8.

By the action of an electric current, the oxygen of alumina dissolved in 1-electrolyte 2 releases and burns the bottom surface of the anode blocks so that the dimensions of block 7 of the new anode element are gradually reduced to the size of element 8 of the worn anode element.

At a certain stage of wear, this element must be replaced with a new one. For this purpose, a device located on the bridge crane carriage 9 (not shown in the drawings) is used. The operator located in the cabin 10, through the control panel 11, expands the clamp 4 with the hydraulic gripper 12. Then with the help of the pneumatic gripper 13 the operator removes the worn element 8 and places it in the position indicated in FIG. 3 and 4, supported by steel rods b of the adjacent anode element.

The worn anode element is now in a convenient position for cleaning with the proposed device from the cover covering it. 14 solidified electrolyte. The operator from the cab 10 using the remote control 11 can begin the cycle of operations described below.

I In the first stage, a jackhammer 15, equipped with a tool 16,

is brought out of the inoperative position (fig. 1 and 2) into the working position (fig. 3, 4). This operation is carried out with the help of two hydraulic cylinders: the cylinder 17 through the lever 18 leads the unit, including the breaker, to the vertical plane, and the cylinder 19 lowers the cradle 20 until the jackhammer with the tool takes a horizontal position.

In the second stage, the operator directs compressed air simultaneously to the jackhammer, which starts striking the cylinder 21, moving the jackhammer first until the tool 16 comes into contact with the crust 14 of the hardened electrolyte, and then until the tool hits it will not pass completely this crust, splitting it, as shown in FIG. 5.

In the third stage, if the crust 1 is not completely split, the operator can repeat the last 11- (the indicated operation, using the potential provided by the cylinder 17, transfer the knot that includes the jackhammer to a plane different from the vertical plane and act on the crust 14 in all positions of the tool 16, which are between half a 16 a and 16 b (Fig. 4).

In the embodiment of the method, the hammer punch system is activated at a certain predetermined level of resistance encountered by the tool 16. This saves energy - used at the percussive action in cases where the crust of 14 ke is very hard and splitting under the action of only one pressure coming from cylinder 21,

When applying the invention, various types of jackhammers can be used. Heavy-duty hammers that are used on construction sites are most effective.

Taking into account the adhesion of the electrolyte peel to the anode stubs, it is preferable that the pressure acting through the cylinder 21 be at least 300 dan.

The device is particularly well adapted for cleaning the anode butts removed from the fire electrolysis baths in order to reuse the electrolyte peel, i.e. It is especially suitable for the production of aluminum, with the help of firing electrolysis.

The device allows the operator to carry out his work, finding protection from the effects of dust, harmful gases, heat and noise, reuse the electrolyte and facilitate

installation of new anode elements on suspension rods, cleaned in a similar way.

Device to be installed. on all types of machines servicing electrolysis baths (bridge cranes, bicycle cranes, semi-gantry cranes, self-propelled machines, trolleys). It can also be installed at a specific place on the cleaning site of worn anodes, located at some distance from the electrolysis baths.

Claims (1)

Apparatus of the invention for cleaning cinders, baked anodes of a so-called electrolyte peel from an electrolyte crust, including a percussion instrument, such as a jackhammer, characterized in that, in order to improve cleaning efficiency and ease working conditions, the device is equipped with a system of hydraulic cylinders and is articulated her folding 0 with a lever on which a jackhammer is fastened with the possibility of orientation in different planes relative to the butts of the baked anodes. fg i6 f L one s7- Z Phage.Z 277 6