SU851512A1 - Mercury-arc converter - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to instrumentation, in particular, to mercury-capillary transducers, which are the main elements in the development of various devices: computer time counters, ampere-hour meters, time relay, etc. The mercury capillary contents transducer is known, filled with two bars mercury separated by an electrolyte solution based on mercury salts. The signal electrodes are sunk into the capillary walls, and the control sneitirodes are introduced into mercury at the end of the capillary and merged. The principle of operation of the transducer is based on anodic dissolution and cathodic deposition of mercury during the passage of direct current and the associated L movement of the electrolyte towards the anode. The converter performs the functions of the time of the master element or the time relay with the setting of the specified time interval ClJ A disadvantage of the known converter is the limitation of the functions performed. The closest one to the present invention is a mercury converter,: containing a glass capillary with expansion, filled with mercury columns separated by an electrolyte, and control and signal electrodes. Control electrodes are introduced into mercury at the ends of the capillary and sealed with computers. The two signal electrodes are located close to the expansion and radially opposite to each other. Before use, the converter is charged, for which, using control and signal electrodes, a row of mercury columns is formed in the capillary, separated by electrolyte columns of a given length. Each bar is considered as a time interval at a constant (stabilization) control current and a capillary moving diometer: frh 0 ,. In the process of operation of the converter (when applying a control current), the columns of mercury and electrolyte move in the direction of expansion and periodically close the signal electrodes once. The time of the signal electrodes in the closed state is determined by the length of the mercury column, and in the open state the length

electrolyte column. Periodically, the reading current in the circuit of the signal electrodes is amplified and the detector detects or disconnects the working circuit that controls a periodic process and feeds to the actuator. When reaching expansion, the electrolyte columns are merged into one total volume, not extending beyond the limits of expansion, and serving as an electrolyte storage for subsequent charging of the converter. Thus, after the reading process is completed, the sequence from the columns of mercury and electrolyte is destroyed by G2.

A disadvantage of the known converter is the high internal resistance of the device (about 50 kΩ), due to the high ohmic resistance (total) sequence of all electrolyte columns, and the possibility of only one-time use of the generated program, since it collapses after its implementation, the high internal resistance of the device caused by transport limitations of electrically reducing particles does not allow the use of sufficiently high control currents (only up to 1-3 m A), therefore, the converter can be used only for producing large time intervals (at least 50 hours)

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the internal resistance, increase the operating currents and exclude the process of destruction of the program of time intervals after its use.

This goal is achieved in that the device additionally contains a second expansion in the capillary, which is separated from the first by a free volume and filled with mercury, and a second pair of signal electrodes diametrically opposed to each other and at equal distances from the extensions, the control electrodes being placed an extension containing the electrolyte is separated by a porous partition of glass soaked in electrolyte, and the ends of the capillary are interconnected, forming a closed ring system.

On. FIG. 1 shows a converter before charging, a general view) in FIG. 2, a converter prepared for operation according to a given program / in FIG. 3 - converter after executing a predetermined program.

The transducer body is made in the form of a closed ring containing a measuring capillary with a diameter of 0.3 mm and two extensions 2 and 3. Expansion 2 is divided into two electrode compartments by a porous glass partition 4 impregnated with electrolyte.

On both sides of which are located platinum (molybdenum or tungsten) mesh control electrodes 5 and 6 are located. The internal cavity of the transducer is filled with mercury 7 and electrolyte 8, and between expansions 2 and 3 there is a free volume 9. The cylindrical part of the capillary contains two pairs of signal electrodes, one of which 10 and 11 is located near expansion 2, and the second 12 and 13 are in the center of the capillary. A free volume, which can be filled with a dielectric fluid or a solution with low electrical conductivity for direct current, is introduced to break the electrical circuit between the control electrodes through the capillary and to ensure the flow of the control current (electrolysis) only through the porous wall 4. Expansion 2 and 3 exclude the penetration of the gas volume or dielectric liquid into the measuring capillary or electrode chamber, since when a gas volume or liquid enters the expansion, it is under the action of a cap. Illarion forces jumps (returns) to the narrow part between expansions, and mercury in certain portions (discretely) passes from one expansion to another. Separating the control electrodes with a porous electrolyte-impregnated partition wall and increasing their surface area reduces the internal resistance of the converter (up to 30 Ohms) by a factor of 1000 compared with the known one. At the same time the working currents increase and the time interval decreases.

Since the porous septum does not transmit metallic mercury, during the electrolysis process, the movement of mercury from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment will be carried out only through the measuring capillary in an amount proportional to the amount of electricity missed.

Before using the converter, information about the time intervals is entered into a memory cell, which is used as the left half of a capillary with signal electrodes 10, and 11. For this, signal electrodes 10 and 11 are subjected to cathode polarization using an external current source, the anode is controlled electrode b. At the same time, on the signal electrodes 10 and 11, metallic mercury is released, which, by breaking the electrolyte column, closes the capillary. The length of the resulting mercury column is controlled by the same electrodes. The movement of the formed column is carried out using control electrodes 5 and b. Form the columns in the above manner

mercury and electrolyte of a given length and moving them into a memory cell, you can get a given sequence of columns of mercury, separated by electrolyte in the form of a program of time intervals (Fig, 2),

The Converter operates as follows.

A constant stabilized current of a given magnitude is applied to the control of the electrodes 5 and b, so that the bars move towards the signal electrodes 12 and 13, which periodically interrupt the mercury bars and open the electrolyte bars.

At the instant of closing of the signal electrodes 12 and 13, a signal current appears in the readout circuit, Jcotoi is used to control any batch process. After the end of the reading process, the program is not destroyed, but transferred to another memory location (Fig. 3). If the program is not symmetrical, then it returns to its original position (Fig. 2) with an inverse polarization current or is performed in the reverse order. If the program is symmetric, then it can cycle, i.e. read from one cell to another. The number of readings of the generated program is not limited. If necessary, the program is destroyed by moving all the columns to expansion 2, where the separation of electrolyte and mercury occurs.

The converter can be used in the construction of software time master devices that are used in automatic control systems. Low internal resistance, high

control currents allow you to simply build an electronic circuit of the device. The possibility of an unlimited number of readable predetermined programs with a wider interval of values of time delays from 10 to 10 noBfcffiiaiOT the operational characteristics of the converter expands its area of application.

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invention formula

A mercury converter containing a glass capillary with expansion, filled with mercury columns,

15 separated by an electrolyte, control and signal electrodes, which are necessary in order to expand the range of readable time intervals and store information about their value with an unlimited number of readings, the converter contains a second extension filled with mercury and separated from the first by a free volume , a second pair of signal electrodes diametrically opposed to each other at equal distances from the expansions, the control electrodes being placed in the expansion containing the electrolyte, and Delena poris0 of the impregnated electrolyte Negotia native and the capillary ends are interconnected to form a closed ring system.

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Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. USSR author's certificate No. 431565, cl. H 01 G 9/22, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2597308 / 18-10,

0

cl. H 01 G 9/22, 03.30.78.

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Claims (2)

claims mercury converter containing a glass capillary with expansion, filled with columns of mercury, 15 separated by an electrolyte, I control. signal and electrodes, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of readable time intervals and save 20 information about their value with an unlimited number of readings, the converter contains a second extension filled with mercury and separated from the first by free volume, a second jr pair of signal electrodes located diametrically opposed to each other at equal distances from the extensions, the control electrodes being placed in the extension containing the electrolyte and separated by a porous impregnated electrolyte a partition, and the ends of the capillary are interconnected, forming a closed ring system. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 431565, cl. H 01 G 9/22, 1974. 2. USSR author's certificate 40 * for application No. 2597308 / 18-10, class. H 01 G .9 / 22, 03.30.78. figure 1 FIG. 2 FIG. 3