SU849100A1

SU849100A1 - Method of separate measuring of three-element passive one-port network parameters

Info

Publication number: SU849100A1
Application number: SU792827154A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Александрович Тюкавин; Александр Алексеевич Кольцов
Original assignee: За витель Л(: €ОНгЗ Лу ;5 ПАТЕНТНО- . ТР.ХН 1ЧеС{Л:;
Priority date: 1979-10-18
Filing date: 1979-10-18
Publication date: 1981-07-23

Description

Изобретение относится к электроизмерительной технике и может быть ' использовано для измерения параметров пасивных двухполюсников по смешан ным RLC-, CRC-, RCR-, RLR - схемам замещения.The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to measure the parameters of passive two-terminal devices using mixed RLC, CRC, RCR, RLR equivalent circuits.

Известен способ измерения трехэлементных двухполюсников заключающийся в совмещении частотных характеристик измеряемого и образцового трехэлементных двухполюсников, имеющих одинаковые схемы замещения, с помощью частотно независимой схемы уравновешивания путем ряда уравновешиваний на частотах, больших и меньших заданной частоты, на которой производят отсчет измеряемых параметров по значениям параметров регулируемых элементов образцового двухполюсника по достижении частотно не- _язависимого состояния равновесия схемы/ причем уравновешивания схемы на частотах, больших меньших заданной частоты, осуществляют регулировками тех 'параметров, чувствительность схемы по которым с ростом (с уменьшением)частоты возрастает. Измерительная схема реализующая -известный способ, содержит два источника напряжения изменяемой частоты, нуль индикатор амплитудного типа, плечо с измеряемым двухполюсником и плечо с образцовым двухполюсником О}·A known method of measuring three-element two-terminal devices is to combine the frequency characteristics of the measured and exemplary three-element two-terminal devices having the same equivalent circuit using a frequency-independent balancing scheme by a series of balancing at frequencies higher and lower than a given frequency, at which the measured parameters are read out from the parameters of the adjustable elements two-pole model for achieving balance frequency dependent _non-I state circuit / and the equation updating the circuit at frequencies higher than the specified frequency is carried out by adjusting those parameters whose sensitivity of the circuit increases with increasing (with decreasing) frequency. A measuring circuit that implements a well-known method contains two sources of voltage of variable frequency, a zero indicator of the amplitude type, a shoulder with a measured two-terminal and a shoulder with an exemplary two-terminal O} ·

Недостаток известного способа состоит в необходимости проведения большого числа уравновешиваний при измерении.The disadvantage of this method is the need for a large number of balances when measuring.

Известен также способ измерения трехэлементных пассивных двухполюсников с помощью четырехплечего моста. Значения измеряемых параметров по этому способу отсчитывают на заданной частоте по значениям образцовых элементов плеча сравнения моста, которое выполнено по схеме замещения объекта измерения, причем отсчет берут при частотно независимом балансе моста. Указанный баланс получают путемThere is also a method of measuring three-element passive two-terminal using a four-armed bridge. The values of the measured parameters by this method are counted at a given frequency according to the values of the model elements of the comparison arm of the bridge, which is made according to the equivalent circuit of the measurement object, and the count is taken at a frequency-independent balance of the bridge. The specified balance is obtained by

8491 ряда уравновешиваний моста на заданной частоте регулировками двух разнородных элементов плеча Сравнения, угол сходимости по которым равен 90^, при значениях параметра третьего регулируемого элемента плеча сравнения, выбираемых по углу наклона и при ширине эллипса, появляющегося на экране осциллографа, подсоединенного к мосту по фазочувствительной схеме, при включении частотной модуляции генератора качающейся частоты после каждого уравновешивания ,8491 series of balancing the bridge at a given frequency by adjusting two heterogeneous elements of the shoulder Comparisons, the convergence angle of which is 90 ^, with parameter values of the third adjustable element of the shoulder of the comparison, selected by the angle of inclination and when the width of the ellipse appears on the screen of the oscilloscope connected to the bridge by phase-sensitive the scheme, when you turn on the frequency modulation of the oscillating frequency generator after each balancing,

Недостаток известного способа заключается в наличии значительного числа операций поискового характера в процессе каждого измерения.The disadvantage of this method is the presence of a significant number of search operations in the process of each measurement.

Цель изобретения - уменьшение продолжительности раздельного измерения треэлементных двухполюсников по сме- ₂< шанным RLC-, CRC-, RCR-, RLR- схемами замещения за сет исключения лишних поисковых операций.The purpose of the invention - a decrease in the duration of separate measurement of two-terminal treelementnyh sme- ₂ <shannym RLC-, CRC-, RCR-, RLR- equivalent circuit for a set to eliminate redundant search operations.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в способе раздельного измерения параметров трехэлементных пассивных двухполюсников, содержащем операции уравновешивания на заданной частотеThis goal is achieved by the fact that in a method for separately measuring the parameters of a three-element passive two-terminal network, containing balancing operations at a given frequency

4 избытку и недостатку, относитель- _;но расчетного значения; на фиг. 3 схема устройства, реализующего способ измерения, применительно к двухполюсникам, представляемым RL R -схемами замещения.4 excess and lack, relative _; but calculated value; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of a device that implements a measurement method, as applied to bipolar, represented by RL R substitution schemes.

Устройство содержит образцовый четырехполюсник 1, состоящий из образцовых резисторов 2-4 й образцовых конденсаторов 5 и 6, входные клеммы 7-9 устройства, на которые подаются на-, пряжения одинаковой частоты и фазы и . Uj , измеряемый трехэлементный двухполюсник 10,· схема замещения которого представляется в виде конденсатора 11, сопротивления 12 и индуктивности 13, входные клеммы 14 и 15 устройства, на которые подается напряжение Ц той же частоты и фазы, что и ϋ/χ и переключатель 16 на два положения, амплитудный нуль-индикатор 17, блок 18 сравнения фаз, на опорный вход 19 ко* торого подается опорное напряжение U_QnЧерез Д1 на фиг. 1 обозначен результирующий ток, ’протекающий через нульиндикатор.The device comprises an exemplary four-terminal device 1, consisting of exemplary resistors of the 2-4th exemplary capacitors 5 and 6, input terminals 7-9 of the device to which voltages of the same frequency and phase are applied. Uj, the measured three-element two-terminal 10, the equivalent circuit of which is presented in the form of a capacitor 11, resistance 12 and inductance 13, input terminals 14 and 15 of the device, to which voltage Ts is applied at the same frequency and phase as ϋ / χ and switch 16 to two positions, an amplitude null indicator 17, a phase comparison unit 18, to the reference input 19 of which the reference voltage U _Qn is supplied. Through D1 in FIG. 1, the resulting current flowing through the null indicator is indicated.

Измерительная схема( фиг. 1) описывается следующим уравнением равновемоста, содержащего измерительное плечо и плечо сравнения, путем регулировки '₃θ двух разнородных элементов плеча сравнения, угол сходимости по которым равек 90°, при последовательно задаваемых значениях параметра третьего регулируемого элемента до установления цастотно независимого состояния равновесия _ζмоста, при котором отсчитывают измеряемые параметры по значениям трех регулируемых элементов, значения параметра третьего регулируемого элемента задают по.методу взвешивания в соответствии со знаком фазы выходного сигнала моста относительно опорного напряжения после каждого уравновешивания при переходе на другую фиксированную час- 45 тоту питания.The measuring circuit (Fig. 1) is described by the following equi-bridge equation containing the measuring arm and the comparison arm, by adjusting the ' ₃ θ of two dissimilar elements of the comparison arm, the convergence angle of which is 90 °, with sequentially set values of the parameter of the third adjustable element until frequency independent equilibrium state _{ζ of the} bridge, in which measured parameters are counted according to the values of three adjustable elements, the parameter values of the third adjustable element are set according to the method weighing in accordance with the phase sign of the bridge output signal relative to the reference voltage after each balancing when switching to another fixed power frequency.

На фиг. 1 изображена схема устройства, реализующего способ измерения трехэлементных двухполюсников по сме- _J0шаннойИкС -схеме замещения;на фиг.2расположение на комплексной плоскости вектора опорного напряжения и двух векторов выходного тока'схемы (фиг. 1), препредварительно уравновешенной на заданг₅ной частоте, после перехода на другую, большую частоту питания при значениях параметра элемента, регулируемого по методу взвешиЕанйя, взятых поIn FIG. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus for performing a method of measuring the three-element two-terminal sme- _J0 shannoyIkS -scheme substitution; fig.2raspolozhenie on the complex plane of the reference voltage vector and two output vectors toka'skhemy (Figure 1.) Prepredvaritelno equilibrated at ₅ zadang hydrochloric frequency, after switching to another, higher power frequency with the values of the parameter of the element, regulated by the method of weighing

есть вещественные положительные, числа.there are real positive numbers.

Если уравнение (1) не нарушается с изменением частоты UJ , то состояние схемы является измерительным и производится отсчет измеряемых параметров по формулам ^сх=^эГ^с<> WIf equation (1) is not violated with a change in the frequency UJ, then the state of the circuit is measuring and the measured parameters are counted by the formulas ^with x = ^ eG ^with <> W

С5)C5)

(6) из которых видно, что устройство характеризуется раздельным отсчетом параметров (C_Xr , L*).(6) from which it can be seen that the device is characterized by a separate readout of parameters (C _Xr , L *).

Приведение схемы фиг. I в частотно независимое состояние равновесияBringing the circuit of FIG. I to a frequency-independent equilibrium

849100 6 заключается в совмещений частотных характеристик измеряемого двухполюсника 10 и образцового четырехполюсника I путем ряда уравновешиваний схемы на заданной частотеи^являющейся частотой, на которой производят отсчет параметров R_X,C_X,L_X) регулировками элементов С_% при значениях регулируемой емкости С^, задаваемых по методу взвешивания. При урановешиваниях nepe-j ключатель 16_чнаходится в положении У.849100 6 consists in combining the frequency characteristics of the measured two-terminal 10 and the standard four-terminal I by a series of balancing circuits at a given frequency and which is the frequency at which the parameters R _X , C _X , L _X are counted) by adjusting the C _% elements at the values of the adjustable capacitance C ^, set by the weighing method. When nepe-j is suspended, the 16- _hour switch is in position U.

После каждого уравновешивания схема переводится на другую частоту питания 7 Ц)_о например), а переключатель 4 ставится в.положение Ф, под- ι ключая вместо нуль-индикатора блок 18 сравнения фаз, соответствующее входное сопротивление которого пренебрежимо мало по сравнению с выходным со— противлением схемы между вершинами а 2 ча сравнения, угол сходимости по которым равен 90°, при последовательно задаваемых значениях параметра третьего регулируемого элемента до установления частотно независимого состояния равновесия моста, при котором отсчитывают измеряемые параметры по значениям трех регулируемых элементов, о т л и-чающийся тем, что, с целью уменьшения продолжительности раздельного измерения трехэлементных пассивных двухполюсников, значения параметра третьего регулируемого элемента задают по методу взвешивания в соответствии со знаком фазы выходного сигнала моста относительно опорного напряжения после' каждого уравновешивания при переходе на другую фиксированную частоту питания.After each balancing, the circuit is transferred to a different supply frequency 7 ° C ( _for example), and switch 4 is placed in position Ф, connecting instead of a zero indicator block 18 phase comparison, the corresponding input resistance of which is negligible compared to the output the resistance of the circuit between the vertices and 2 hours of comparison, the angle of convergence along which is 90 °, with sequentially set values of the parameter of the third adjustable element until a frequency-independent equilibrium state of the bridge is established, at which the reference measured parameters are measured according to the values of three adjustable elements, which means that, in order to reduce the duration of separate measurement of three-element passive two-terminal devices, the parameter values of the third adjustable element are set by the weighing method in accordance with the sign of the phase of the bridge output signal relative to the reference voltage after '' each balancing when switching to another fixed frequency of power.

Источники информации, и в.Sources of information, and c.

Claims

(54) METHOD OF SEPARATE MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETERS OF THREE-ELEMENT PASSIVE I TWO-POLES The invention relates to electrical measuring technique and can be used to measure parameter passive two-terminal using mixed RLC, CRC, RCR, RLR - replacement circuits. A known method of measuring three-element two-terminal networks consists in combining the frequency characteristics of the measured and exemplary three-element two-networks with the same replacement circuit using a frequency-independent equilibration scheme by means of a number of counterbalances at frequencies higher and lower than the specified frequency at which the measured parameters are measured. according to the values of the parameters of the adjustable elements of the exemplary two-pole network, upon reaching the frequency-independent equilibrium state of the schemes, and adjusting the circuit at frequencies greater than a predetermined frequency is carried out by adjusting those parameters, the sensitivity of the circuit which increases with (increases with decreasing frequency. The measuring circuit is a known-known method, contains two sources of variable frequency voltage, zero is the amplitude indicator type, a shoulder with a measured two-pole and a shoulder with a model two-pole 13 The disadvantage of this method is the need for a large number of balances in the measurement. . A method of measuring three-element passive two-terminal networks using a four-shoulder bridge is also known. The values of the measured parameters according to this method are counted at a given frequency according to the values of the model elementers of the bridge comparison arm, which is performed according to the replacement scheme of the object to be measured, and the counting is taken at the frequency independent balance of the bridge. The specified balance is obtained by 38 series of equilibrations of the bridge at a given frequency by adjustments of two dissimilar elements of the reference arm, the angle of convergence for which is 90, with the values of the parameter of the third adjustable element of the reference arm, selected by the angle of inclination and at an ellipse width appearing the oscilloscope screen connected to the bridge according to a phase-sensitive scheme, when the frequency modulation of the oscillator frequency generator is switched on after each equilibration, the disadvantage of the known method is PIR significant number of exploratory nature of the operations in the process of each measurement. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the duration of the separate measurement of three-element two-terminal networks using mixed RLC, CRC, RGR, RLR replacement schemes over a set excluding unnecessary search operations. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of separate measurement of the parameters of three-element passive two-field snik, containing balancing operations at a given frequency of the bridge, containing the measuring arms and the comparison arm. By adjusting the two dissimilar elements of the comparison arm, the angle of convergence for which is 90, with successively setting the parameter values of the third adjustable element to establish: a frequency independent bridge equilibrium state, at which the measured parameters are measured by the values of the three adjustable elements, the values of the parameter of the third adjustable element are set by the method of weighing in accordance with the sign of the phase, the output signal of the bridge relative to the reference voltage after each equilibration switching to another fixed supply frequency. FIG. Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device that implements a method for measuring three-element two-terminal circuits using a mixed-T-replacement circuit; Figure 2 shows the position of the reference voltage vector and two vectors of the output current-circuit (Figure 1) on the complex plane, n pre-balanced at the target frequency, after switching to a different, higher frequency of the power supply, with the values of the element parameter, adjustable by the weighing method, taken with .4 excess and deficiency relative to the calculated value; in fig. 3 is a diagram of a device implementing a measurement method as applied to two-port js represented by RL R-replacement circuits. The device contains an exemplary quadrupole 1, consisting of exemplary resistors 2-4 and exemplary capacitors 5 and 6, input terminals 7-9 of the device, which are supplied with the voltage of the same frequency and phase i and Uj, measured by a three-element two-terminal 10 ,. the replacement circuit of which is represented as a capacitor 11, resistance 12 and inductance GZ, input terminals 14 and 15 of the device to which voltage U is applied, the same frequency and phase as U / i and 0 switch 16 for two positions, amplitude null indicator 17, phase comparison unit I8, to the reference input 19 of which the reference voltage Ug is applied. Through L1 in FIG. 1 denotes the resulting current flowing through the null indicator. The measurement circuit (Fig. 1) is described by the following equilibrium equation. W,.:,., Tl) -.- С2) W are real positive numbers. If equation (1) is not violated with a change in the frequency of CO, then the state of the circuit is measuring and the measured parameters are read by the formulas i xH "," i) -BiEi., Which shows that the device is hacked by separate reading of parameters ( Cx, R, bjj). The alignment of FIG. I, in frequency, the independent equilibrium state 584910 consists in combining the frequency characteristics of the measured two-terminal 10 and exemplary four-terminal 1 by a series of balancing schemes at a given frequency that is the frequency at which the parameters are read, the values of the regulator at my capacity C are set by the weighing method. When uranovanivanii re-to-switch 16, is in position Y. After each equilibration scheme- switches to a different power frequency 7 U) o for example), and switch 4 is set to position F, plugging phase comparison unit 18 instead of a null indicator the corresponding input impedance of which is negligible small compared with the output impedance of the circuit between the vertices a and iv. The invention The method of separate measurement of parameters of three-element passive two-terminal network, containing balancing operations at a given bridge frequency, containing a measuring arm and a comparison arm, by adjusting two different elements of a comparison plots, the convergence angle of which is equal to 90 of the element before the establishment and frequency-independent equilibrium of the bridge, in which the measured parameters are measured by the values of three pfe Element elements, in order to reduce the duration of separate measurements of three-element passive DUHPOL 19 SONIKS, the values of the parameter of the third adjustable element are set by the method of weighing according to the sign of the phase of the output signal of the bridge relative to the reference voltage after each balance when switching other fixed frequency feed. Sources of information taken into account in the examination G. A. Tyukavin and B. Guzeev. Convergence of equilibration schemes for measuring the parameters of three-component two-terminal devices by the method of combining frequency characteristics. Sat Application of the method of conversion factors for the analysis and synthesis of electrical and electrical measuring circuits. Ufa, 1974, p. 157-164.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 158627, cl. Q 01 R 27/02, 1962. (prototype). § f V) N., E S s: i Sj - 5; E | 5 ig 550 o y vi / x / y-x / x y / x x / x / x y / / / / / / / 2 / / / / / / / / / / / / /

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