SU844041A1 - Method of charging cone eccentric crusher - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR LOADING CONIC EXCENTRIC

CRUSHERS

one

The invention relates to methods for loading ore and other materials of cone eccentric crushers of medium and fine crushing and can be used in all industries of the industry where such machines are used, mainly in ore processing and construction.

Uneven loading of cone eccentric crushers, caused by segregation of ore in bunkers and silting of feeder trays, leads to a sharp drop in their productivity and degree of crushing. This inevitably reduces the service life of all major crusher assemblies, mainly the drive and crushing cones.

The distribution plate, mounted on the top of a shotgun, its cone, only partially eliminates the uneven loading, but only if the flow of ore is directed exactly at its center. The uneven wear of the cones by the armor, the drive w, and to a reduction in the degree of fragmentation, is eliminated in some factories by overhaul of the working surface by the armor. This, in addition to these disadvantages and losses, leads to additional operating costs.

There is a known method of loading cone crushers, which is dried by means of a device including a rotating funnel with a side chute mounted above the crusher in the flow path of ore from the hopper to crusher 1. This distributor loads the ore in a uniform flow along

annular receiving tank crusher placed above the crushing cavity. In this case, the segregation that occurred in the bunker is eliminated, and the ore is evenly distributed in quantity and grain size into the crusher cavity. The method allows to ensure uniform wear of the armor and increase the degree of crushing. At the same time, the crusher's resource increases somewhat.

However, fluctuations in the performance of the feeder due to changes in moisture and ore size still do not allow the crusher to be raised and stabilized. The degree is still low.

crushing, as some lumpy ores, without braking entering the crushing cavity, are subjected to a small number of clamping

(3-4 instead of 5-6). Hence, the increased specific energy consumption .V0,

Technically, the closest to the invention is a method for loading a cone eccentric crusher, which includes uniformly filling the crushing cavity with an ore in the annular receiving container by quantity and granulometric composition by means of a rotating feeder and controlling the thickness of the ore in the receiving container above the entrance to the crushing cavity 2.

The method improves productivity and degree of crushing. However, these parameters have significant fluctuations, since in this case the thickness of the ore is not regulated and not stabilized. The level sensor eliminates only the overloading of the crusher's receiving tank, immediately shutting off the feeder and interrupting the flow of ore until MpjjieHTa empties the receiving tank. Thus, the height of the layer fluctuates from zero to a maximum, often completely closing the head of the cone, which leads to significant overloads of the crusher mechanism, and sometimes to breakdowns.

In addition, this method does not allow for the uniformity of the layer height around the circumference of the receiving tank. In this case, an uneven pressure of the mass of the ore of the layer to the crushed ore, which is already in the grinding cavity, occurs. Therefore, one half of the splitting cavity has greater productivity and wear than the other. This phenomenon occurs for two reasons: too slow rotation of the funnel and the assumption of periodic overload of the vessel when the angle of repose of the ore is not even along the ring of the vessel. In some cases, secondary segregation of ore occurs when the distributor rotates too fast (without coordination with the number of rotations of the crushing cone). The flow of ore in this case hits the vessel wall and pieces of ore bounce off it to the center of the vessel for a distance corresponding to their size, i.e., the kinetic energy of the pieces accumulated before they hit the wall. The large pieces are thus closer to the center of the container, and the fines closer to the periphery. This, in turn, leads to uneven wear on the armor. Thus, the method under consideration is also not sufficiently high in productivity and degree of fragmentation.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the crusher and the degree of crushing.

. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of loading a cone eccentric crusher, which includes uniform filling of the crushing cavity with the ore, in terms of quantity and granulometric composition by means of a 1-rotation feeder, and controlling the height of the ore in the receiving tank above the entrance to the crushing cavity, the ore layer height around the perimeter of the ring, the receiving tank is supported equal to 0.1-0.2 of the base diameter of the inner cone, while the feeder is rotated with a speed of 0.1-0.2 of the number of swings of the inner con a.

The constancy of the layer thickness and the uniformity of this thickness around the ring ensure a stable pressure of the ore mass of the layer on the ore in the crushing cavity. This ensures the stability of the performance regardless of the physicomechanical properties of the ore, its quantity in the bunker and the condition of the feeder. For this, the capacity of the feeder is smoothly controlled, maintaining the optimum layer thickness, which for each cone eccentric crusher size has, as practice has shown, a certain interdependence, depending on its main parameter — the cone diameter at the base.

The thickness of the level is determined by the required pressure, exercised by the ore, and by the conditions of the minimum swing resistance of the cone in the area of its head (distribution plate). Ore pressure after

achieving a certain value becomes further inefficient to increase the productivity of the crusher.

The rotational speed of the feeder is dependent on the number of swings of the internal

cone. Each turn of the KMDT-2200 cone crusher leads to the crushing of 100 kg of ore per second into the crushing cavity. Moreover, if there is no multiple synchronism of the speed of the feeder and the cone, then the layer

will have an uneven inclined surface (of equal thickness), and, consequently, the mass of its ore will exert different pressure around the ring on the contents of the crushing cavity, which leads to a deterioration of the technological parameters. Increased speed, as mentioned, leads to secondary segregation. A crusher of a certain size is characterized by its number of rotations of the cone and requires an appropriate number of revolutions of the feeder to ensure uniform thickness of the layer around the ring of the receiving tank. The number of revolutions of the feeder is also selected from the conditions for ensuring uniformity in the granulation

along the perimeter of the ring.

Industrial tests of the proposed method were carried out under the conditions of the Dzhezkazgan Mining and Metallurgical Combine at the KMD-200T crusher, the crushing cones of which have 224 rotations per minute. In their receiving tanks, power distributors were installed with a funnel rotating at a speed of 36 rpm, which is 0.155 of the number of taper oscillations;

Claims (2)

The height of the ore bed in the receiving tank above the entrance to the crushing cavity was assumed to be 400 mm, which is 0.18 of the diameter of the cone at the base. The uniformity of the height of the reservoir over the ring of the reservoir was ensured by selecting the number of revolutions of the feeder within the mentioned limits. The optimal number of revolutions in this particular case turned out to be 35 o5 /; viiiH. The constancy of a given layer height was maintained by level sensors, for example electrocontact ones, with allowable layer vibrations with a height of ± 10%. The performance of the feeder varied by signals from these sensors. The optimal values of the number of revolutions of the feeder and the height of the ore in the receiving e: v; the bones were derived experimentally on the basis of processing data from 48 experiments conducted on various installations. The speed of rotation of the FB power distributor funnel due to the permutation of the V-belt transmission interchangeable pulleys ranged from 19 to 49 rpm, which is gv 0.085-0.22 compared to the oscillation frequency of the AC cone 224. The level h of ore in the crusher by changing the height of the level sensor installation varied from 220 to 450 mm, which is 0.1-0.26 with respect to the diameter of the mm cone. The capacity (270 t / h) and the discharge gap (6.2 mm) of the crusher were kept constant during the experiments. FIG. Figure 1 shows the experimentally obtained curves explaining the effect of the speed of rotation of the distribution funnel on the quality of the crushing products; in fig. 2 - curve, showing the effect of the height of the ore level in the crusher on its performance. From the graphs (Fig. 1), it can be seen that with increasing rotational speed, the quality of the products improves to a certain limit. The reason for this pattern can be easily established by visual observation of the process of distribution of the material in the crusher. With a slow rotation of the voroika (at 0.085), it can be seen that the material level along the circumference of the crushing chamber is not the same: the discharge rate of the crushed ore at each point of the circle is greater than the replenishment rate, therefore the quality of the product is low. As the rotational speed increases to v-0.2, the level of the material around the circumference becomes approximately the same. A further increase in the rate of eradication does not improve the quality of the product and at the same time significantly impairs the operating performance of the crusher. The flow of material under the action of centrifugal forces deviates from the direction given by the tray, strikes the wall of the casing and segregates when discarded. As a result, the wear of the armor increases and the casing is damaged. Thus, the optimum relative speed of rotation is within 0,, 2. With an increase in the level of ore in the crusher starting from t, h Q, l 0.15 const), the quality of the product gradually improves until at g / i 0.2 it reaches the characteristic corresponding to schedule 4 in FIG. 1. With a further increase in the level from, 2 to ft 0.25, a noticeable reduction in the size of the product does not occur. In the course of the experimental study, it was also found that with an increase in the level of t, h. the capacity of the crusher is continuously increased and can reach 130% of the nominal value (see Fig. 2). The limit of performance increase, however, is a sharp power jump, which is observed in the range (0, 0.25). Thus, the optimum relative level height is in the range of 0.1 d; 0.2. The method allowed the crusher to increase productivity by 30%, and the crushing heat by 15%. Wear armor and specific energy consumption decreased by 20%. At the same time, peak voltages in the drive units of the machine were eliminated. Claim method of loading a cone eccentric crusher, including filling the crushing cavity with an annular receiving tank by quantity and granulometric composition by means of a rotating feeder and controlling the height of the ore bed in the receiving container above the entrance to the crushing cavity, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity crushers and the degree of crushing, the height of the ore around the perimeter of the ring of the receiving tank is maintained at 0.1-0.2 times the base diameter of the inner cone, while the feeder is rotated number of revolutions equal to the number of shakes 0.1-0.2 vnutreiiego cone. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 599837, cl. B 02C 2/04, 1973. 2.Bulychev V.V. Machinist crusher. M., “Nedra, 1971, p. 166. about 20 )five (f // u2-Ccnst 2530 3f / (RUPNOS / TG ftf Ipl / z. / ir-ff, / i --fffffsf