SU841947A1 - Method of making an abrasive tool of non-magnetic materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the manufacture of diamond-abrasive tools .and can be used in tool production technology.

A known method of manufacturing an al-, 'oil-and-abrasive tool, which consists in the fact that abrasive masses are successively poured into the mold sequentially layer by layer, then they are dried and heat treated ^ 15.

A tool made in this way has low cutting properties due to the fact that the abrasive grains have a different orientation.

There is also known a method of manufacturing abrasive tools from non-magnetic materials, in which the base is electrified, on which diamond grains are placed, due to which the abrasive grains are oriented [2].

The purpose of the invention is the improvement of the cutting properties of an abrasive tool by creating a uniform structure with equally directed abrasive grains. The direction of the grains is selected in accordance with the established cutting conditions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the binder is prepared in the form of clinker, the components of which are commensurate with abrasive grains, a mixture of clinker and abrasive grains is fed through a sieve into the shell mold, while the intensity of the electrostatic field affecting the orientation of the abrasive grains is increased in direct proportion to the filling height mold mass, after which the fixation of the form of the resulting composition is isostatic compression.

On fiG, 1 shows a block diagram of the manufacturing process of an abrasive tool; in FIG. 2 - an abrasive tool made by known methods, in FIG. 3 - abrasive tool made by the proposed method; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of a stacking of a mixture of clinker and abrasive grains in a shell form; in FIG. 5 is a section AA in FIG. 4 ′ in FIG. 6 installation diagram with filled shell form; in FIG. 7 is a diagram of isostatic compression.

The preparation of a binder, mixing with a bunch of abrasive grains and heat treatment (annealing) are performed as

same as in the known methods (Fig. 1).

In the manufacture of an abrasive tool 1 (Fig. 1) abrasive grains 2 of a given size are dosed and prepared for mixing with a bunch. Binder 3, mainly ceramic, or silicate, 'before mixing. 'with abrasive grains is modified. The modification consists in giving the components of the ligament a spherical shape,. what can be done by known methods used, for example, ^ in the formation of cement clinker.

Ligament components are obtained commensurate with abrasive grains. Formed a new mixture of Mixed spherical components (clinker) is dosed and mixed in a predetermined ratio with abrasive grains in hopper 4. The resulting mixture is fed through openings. 5 sieves 6 into a shell mold 7. To eliminate the possibility of forming an arch on the surface of the sieve, the last ^{1 is} given an oscillatory motion, which is removed before the orientation of the abrasive grains begins. To orient the abrasive grains in the right direction, the mixture of clinker and abrasive grains is affected by an electrostatic field, the intensity of which is continuously increased in direct proportion to the size (height) of the composition to be grown (mixture, clinker with 'abrasive grains). Fixing the form. produce isostatic compression ·.

Example. Depending on the material that is processed by the tool being manufactured, an abrasive grain of the appropriate characteristic is selected. For example, for the manufacture of a grinding wheel of grade 25A 200 SM 2 K 6, grinder No. 200 is selected from electrocorundum 24A and a ke'ramichsky bond, which includes,%: clay 30, talc 10-12, feldspar 27-58, liquid glass 33 -40. Then a ceramic binder is prepared. ' in the form of clinker. Clinker components (granules) are given sizes equal to grinding wheels. The grinder and ligament are separately dosed, after which the doses are mixed in the hopper 4, which through the openings 5. in the screen 6, the resulting mixture enters the shell mold 7 made of an elastic material, such as rubber (Fig. 4).

Shell form when open. the hopper 'is gradually filled (first by the value of h, then h, +, then h ₁ + h ₂ + hrj). To orient the abrasive grains in the desired directions, the growing composition is exposed to an electrostatic field. In FIG. 6 shows the vertical direction of the electrostatic field lines. However, any other direction can be obtained. The magnitude £ 5 of the electrostatic field strength as the shell form is filled up is increased in direct proportion to the height of the composition being built up, respectively - e, e ₄ + e ^, e ^ + e _a + + en,. The electrodes are a sieve 6 and a lining 8 of the mold 7. After the shell mold is completely filled, the supply of the mixture from the hopper is stopped, the shell mold is closed by a lid 9 made of an elastic material (rubber) and installed. 1 heaped on the stand 10 of the camera 11 (Fig. 7). The elastic shell form and the lid are both a working fluid that transfers pressure to the composition.

A uniform (isostatic) hedgehog can be achieved by supplying pressure fluid to the chamber. required size. Under the influence of pressure, the structure of the manufactured tool is compacted and it acquires its final shape. In FIG. 7. The dash-dotted line shows the boundary of the finally fixed tool coupling.

In accordance with the technological process, heat treatment (annealing) is further carried out in a known manner.

The proposed method can be used to obtain an abrasive multilayer tool from non-magnetic materials mainly on ceramic and silicate bonds. and allows you to get a uniform structure of the tool due to the fact that the bunch is pre-prepared in the form of clinker, and by choosing the direction of the electrostatic field, the abrasive grains are oriented so that they are located at a cutting angle that is optimal for the selected cutting mode. .

Claims (2)

The invention relates to the manufacture of diamond-abrasive tools, and can be used in the technology of tool production. A known method for manufacturing a diamond-abrasive tool is that abrasive masses are sequentially poured into layers in a mold, then they are dried and subjected to heat treatment fl}. A tool made in this way has low cutting properties due to the fact that abrasive The nodules have different directions. There is also known a method of making abrasive tools from non-magnetic materials, in which the base is electrified, diamond grains are placed on to which the orientation of the abrasive grains is realized. 2. The purpose of the invention is to improve the cutting properties of an abrasive tool by creating a uniform structure with equally directed abrasive grains. The direction of the grains is selected in accordance with the established modes. The goal is achieved in that the bond is prepared in the form of clinker, the components of which, commensurate with abrasive grains, a mixture of clinker and abrasive grains are fed through a sieve into a shell mold, while the strength of the electrostatic field acting on the orientation of the abrasive the grains are increased in direct proportion to the height of the filling of the mold with the mass, after which the shape of the resulting composition is fixed by means of isostatic compression. Phi, 1 shows a flowchart of the process for manufacturing an abrasive tool; in fig. 2 — an abrasive tool made by known methods, in FIG. 3 - abrasive tools made by the proposed method; in fig. 4 is a scheme for laying a mixture of clinker and abrasive grains in a shell form; in fig. 5 shows section A-A in FIG. 4j in FIG. 6 installation diagram with filled shell form; in fig. 7 is an isostatic compression circuit. The preparation of the binder, mixing with the binder of abrasive grains and heat treatment (annealing) are performed in the same way as in the known methods (Fig. In the manufacture of abrasive tools 1 (Fig. 1), abrasive grains 2 of a given size are metered and prepared for mixing Ligature 3, predominantly ceramic, or silicate, is modified before mixing with abrasive grains. The modification consists in imparting spherical shapes to the components, which can be carried out using known methods, for example, Cement clinker components are obtained by measuring commensurate with abrasive grains.The new mixture of spherical components (clinker) is formed and metered in a given ratio is mixed with the abrasive grains in the hopper 4. The resulting mixture is fed through apertures 5 of sieve 6 into the shell 7. To eliminate the possibility Formation of the arch on the surface of the sieve gives the latter an oscillatory motion, which is removed before the beginning of the orientation of the abrasive grains. In order to orient the abrasive grains in the right direction, the mixture of clinker and abrasive grains is affected by an electrostatic field, the intensity of which continuously increases in direct proportion to the size (height) of the expandable composition (a mixture of clinker with abrasive grains). Fixation of the form. produced by isostatic compression. Example. Depending on the material that is processed from the prepared tool, an abrasive grain of the appropriate characteristic is selected. For example, for the manufacture of a 25A 200 CM 2 K 6 grinding wheel, grinder No. 200 is selected from electrocorundum 24A and ceramic binder, which includes,%: clay 30, talc 10-12, feldspar 27-58, liquid glass 33-40. Then, a ceramics bond is prepared. in the form of clinker. The clonker granules (granules) are sized equal to grinding grains. The grinder and the binder are metered separately, after which the resulting doses are mixed in the hopper 4, through which the holes 5, in the sieve 6, the resulting mixture enters 3 shell mold 7 made of elastic material, for example rubber (Fig. 4). O; bolochkov form with open. gradually filled (first by the value of h, then h + h, then h + h + h) For the orientation of the abrasive grains in the desired direction, the carapace and the {COMPOSITION are exposed to the electrostatic field. FIG. 6 shows the vertical direction of the electrostatic lines. However, any other direction can be obtained. The magnitude of the electrostatic field strength, as the shell mold is filled, increases in direct proportion to the height of the expandable composition, respectively - e. The electrodes are the sieve 6 and the lining 8 of the form 7. After the shell form is completely filled, the mixture from the bunker is stopped, the shell form is closed by a cover 9 made of elastic material (rubber) and installed. It is cast on the stand 10 of the chamber 11 (Fig. 7). The elastic shells and the lid are both working fluid that transmits pressure to the composition. Uniform (isostatic) hedgehog-. This can be achieved by supplying pressurized fluid to the chamber. required value. Under pressure, the structure of the tool being manufactured is sealed and it takes on a final shape. FIG. 7. The dash-dotted line shows the border of the finally fixed tool coupling. In accordance with the process, heat treatment (annealing) is then carried out in a known manner. The proposed method can be used to obtain an abrasive multi-layer tool from non-magnetic materials primarily on ceramic and silicate bonds. and allows to obtain a uniform tool structure due to the fact that the bond is preliminarily prepared in the form of clinker, and the choice of the direction of the electrostatic field orients the abrasive grains so that they are located at a cutting angle that is optimal for the selected cutting mode. . Claims A method of manufacturing an abrasive tool from non-magnetic materials, in which the abrasive grains are mixed with a bond, then the resulting mass is placed in a mold and the abrasive grains are oriented by an electrostatic field, after which the abrasive mass is molded and subjected to heat treatment, characterized by that, in order to improve the cutting properties of the tool, the mass with binding to the in-ide of the clinker and abrasive grains is fed through a sieve into the mold, while the strength of the electrostatic field Increase directly proportional to the filling of the mold with the mass, after which the tool is forged with an isostatic compression. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, USSR Authorship Certificate 427851, cl. B24 D 5/14, 1974. 2, USSR Authorship Certificate 454991, cl. B24 D 5/00, 1974. 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