SU838080A1 - Loose material storage silo - Google Patents

Description

(54) SILOS FOR STORAGE OF BULK MATERIALS

I

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to silos for the storage of bulk materials - sand, grain, granular mineral fertilizers.

A silo for storing bulk materials, made of reinforced concrete, is known in which walls perceive dynamic pressures exceeding static pressures 1.5–2 or more times and causing premature destruction of silo stores 1.

A round silo is known in which the reduction of static and dynamic pressures is achieved by constructive measures 2.

External walls are unloaded by arranging dome ceilings that are spaced apart from each other, not exceeding 1.5 times the diameter of the store. Domed. the overlaps divide the silage in height into individual cells, which are filled with bulk material through

rough, passing in the center of the trunk. A system of round holes is provided around the perimeter of dome ceilings to release bulk material. By providing dome ceilings, the effect of reducing the static and dynamic pressures occurring in traditional silos is achieved. The arrangement of holes along the perimeter of round walls leads to pressure disturbances in the process of unloading bulk material, which exceed the static pressures in silos without unloading elements by 1.88 times and the static pressures with domes by 2.27 times.

The closest technical solution to the proposed is silos for storage of bulk materials, including frame, exterior walls and unloading elements in the form of square pyramids with a central hole and perforation C3.

A disadvantage of the known solution is the presence of dynamic forces on the silo walls.

The purpose of the invention is to increase durability by eliminating dynamic pressures.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a silo for the storage of volatile materials, including a frame, external walls and unloading elements in the form of square pyramids with a cementedral hole and perforation, the unloading elements are set upwards and the perforated holes are located in the lower third in height of the unloading elements.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a silo, a general view; in fig. 2 - unloading element.

The silo consists of frame 1, exterior walls 2, relief elements 3 of bottom 4 with outlet and columns 5. In the discharge element, round holes 6, the diameter of which is determined by the absence of bulk material, are placed evenly in the lower third of the height of the discharge element. The central hole / has an area greater or equal to the area of the outlet.

Comparative experiments carried out on a series of small models with a square cross section made of the same material show that the transition from round perforated diaphragms with a central opening to perforated unloading elements in the form of square pyramids with a central opening and facing downwards ensures a reduction in dynamic pressures , exceeding static in the same silos 1.36 times. The degree of reduction of dynamic pressures depends on the total area of perforated holes, and for individual values of areas, dynamic pressures increase to 1.5 or less than static values.

Further studies revealed that the orientation of the unloading elements, causing maximum disturbances, apex upwards and the placement of holes in the lower one-third of the elements suppresses the dynamic pressures. During the movement of the bulk material, the pressures remain equal to the static or immediately drop.

The absence of dynamic pressures provides savings of building materials by 1.3-1.5 times and increases the durability of the silo structures up to the terms provided for by the SNiP. Savings due to major repairs are equal to the cost of a new facility and amount to 50-100 thousand rubles.

Claims (3)

1. USSR author's certificate number 241643, cl. E 04 H 7/22, 1971. 2. USSR author's certificate number 369236, cl. E 04 H 7/22, 1974. 3. USSR author's certificate number 628274, cl. E 04 H 7/00, 1978.