SU8332A1 - Floor meter - Google Patents

Description

The polarimetric method for determining sugar in solutions, which requires the installation of a quartz compensator to the same intensity of illumination of semicircles in the telescope, has a purely subjective order factor and leads to errors.

The proposed polarimeter with selenium plates is intended to eliminate the indicated factor of subjectivity.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a chamber of a field of a rimeter; FIG. 2 shows the incorporation of selenium plates into the two arms of the Whitston Bridge; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the floor of the meter; FIG. 4 - cartridge with a light source.

The device of the floor meter is as follows: the chamber N (Fig. 1) is screwed with a thread V onto an ordinary penumbra floor meter instead of an eyepiece. On its back wall are placed two semicircular isolated selenium plates 5 and Sj, corresponding to the actual image of two semicircles visible in the polarimetric tube. In the chamber L there is a lens L, giving on the selenium plates s and Sj a real image of semicircles.

with a section along a vertical line so that the image of the semicircles illuminates the selenium plates with light of varying intensity, in the case of the corresponding position of the quartz compensator. Chamber N is a metal cylinder, inside it is covered with black ebonite insulation 1, which simultaneously protects selenium plates from uneven heating from the outside. The galvanometer M and the hardeners to c- (fig. 1), mounted on chamber L, and selenium plates are included as shown in fig. 2. The source of electromotive force for the Whitston bridge are two thermoelements T T (Fig. 4).

With the same intensity of illumination of the selenium plates s and Si, the galvanometer indicates zero.

At different light intensities, the galvanometer deviates to the right or left of zero, depending on which half is darker, since when the light intensity of the selenium plates changes, their resistance changes inversely proportional to the square of the luminous intensity acting on the selenium. it

the property determines the sensitivity of the testimony of a galvanometer. As can be seen from the diagram (Fig. 2), a change in the light intensity of the source Z (Fig. 4), as well as a change in the current strength in the target of the Whitstone bridge, will not affect the deflections of the arrow of the galvanometer M.

The black N ebony insulation (inside the chamber, shown in Fig. 1) prevents the light entering the chamber 7V from outside and from possible reflection inside the chamber.

The work with the polarimeter is that with the compensator kreamer / i / 1 (Fig. 3), when the polarimeter is installed before the work, the mutual position of the quartz plates is reached, at which the arrow of the galvanometer M stops at zero, which shows the same intensity of illumination of the semicircles . The pointer arrow Polarization is also set to zero. After placing a solution tube in the polarimeter, the arrow of the galvanometer deviates from zero. By moving the quartz plate of the compensator plate, the position is again reached where the arrow of the galvanometer shows zero. In this case, the arrow pointer in polarization associated with the optical compensation system will indicate the percentage of sugar in the solution.

In the absence of a polarimetric compensation system, a scale calibrated by the percentage of sugar is used with a galvanometer.

The subject of the patent.

1. Polimeter with selenium plates, characterized by the fact that instead of the usual ocular it is equipped with a camera N screwed onto the middle part of the polarimeter, on the back inner wall of which there are two semicircular selenium plates 5, Sj, corresponding to the actual image of two semicircles projected on Green plates with an additional lens L, which selenium plates are inserted into two branches of the Whitston bridge, in the diagonal of which is included a galvanometer M mounted on the chamber L.

2. In the field described in paragraph 1, the use of an optical compensation system associated with an indicator moving against the scale indicating the percentage of sugar in the solution.

3.B characterized in clauses. 1 and 2 polarimeter use, in the absence of a compensation system with a galvanometer, the scales. graded in the percentage of sugar in the solution. FIG. 1. FIG. 2