SU832569A1

SU832569A1 - Pulse counting device

Info

Publication number: SU832569A1
Application number: SU792772312A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Евгений Иванович Мейбаум
Original assignee: Киевский институт автоматики им.ХХУ съезда КПСС
Priority date: 1979-05-30
Filing date: 1979-05-30
Publication date: 1981-05-23

Description

Изобретение относится к техническим средствам информационных систем и может быть использовано в системах для измерения перемещений предметов по технологическим линиям прокатного стана.The invention relates to technical means of information systems and can be used in systems for measuring the movement of objects along the technological lines of a rolling mill.

Известно мажоритарное резервированное устройство,содержащее резервируемые узлы, блоки кодового и логического контроля, блок управления, ключевые элементы, в котором с целью повышения надежности при отказе одного из резервируемых узлов переключают резервы с мажоритарного объединения на дублирование с горячим резервом с контролем работоспособности основного узла посредством специального блока кодового контроля.A major redundant device is known that contains redundant nodes, code and logic control blocks, a control unit, key elements, in which, in order to increase reliability in the event of failure of one of the redundant nodes, the reserves are switched from the majority union to redundancy with hot reserve with the main node operable by means of a special code control unit.

При работе известного устройства в мажоритарном объединении отказавший узел выявляется посредством блока логического контроля, формирующего сигнал несовпадения при отказе одного из узлов, полученного в результате обнаружения несовпадения в заданном интервале времени сигналов соответствующих узлов, сравниваемых попарно fl] .When a known device is operating in a majority union, a failed node is detected by means of a logical control block that generates a mismatch signal when one of the nodes fails, resulting from the detection of mismatch in the specified time interval of the signals of the corresponding nodes compared in pairs fl].

Однако в известием устройстве усложнена профилактика,существенно '· повышена структурная избыточность, поэтому невозможно его применять в 5 режиме работы с двумя резервируемыми узлами в тех случаях, когда работоспособность узлов по тем или иным причинам достаточно полно и оперативно не контролируют, ибо посред· ством блока логического контроля, функционирование которого основано на сравнении сигналов резервируемых узлов попарно, невозможно выявить отказавший узел, если число одноврё15 менно контролируемых узлов равно двум, ψ.β. образуется только одна контролируемая пара.However, prophylaxis is complicated in the lime device, structural redundancy is significantly increased; therefore, it is impossible to use it in 5 modes of operation with two redundant nodes in cases where the nodes are not fully and efficiently controlled for one reason or another, because by logical control, the operation of which is based on comparing the signals of the reserved nodes in pairs, it is impossible to identify a failed node if the number of simultaneously monitored nodes is two, ψ.β. only one controlled pair is formed.

Известно устройство для счета импульсов, содержащее два датчика 20 импульсов, два одновибратора, три элемента И, индикатор отказа и блок счета импульсов, выходы первого и второго датчиков импульсов соединены соответственно со входами пер25 вого и второго одновибраторов, выходы которых соединены соответственно с первыми входами первого и второго элементов И, выходы которых соединены со входами третьего эле30 мента И, выход которого соединен со входом блока счета импульсов, выходы одновибраторов соединены со входами индикатора отказов,- выход которого соединён со вторыми входами первого и второго элементов И.A device for counting pulses is known, which contains two sensors 20 pulses, two single vibrators, three AND elements, a failure indicator and a pulse counting unit, the outputs of the first and second pulse sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second single vibrators, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and the second elements And, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the third element And, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse counting unit, the outputs of the single vibrators are connected to the inputs of the failure indicator, d which is connected to second inputs of the first and second elements I.

В известном устройстве сигнал, . · ’ воспринимаемый блоком счета импульсов, образуется на выходе третьего 'элемента И только при совпадении сигналов двух датчиков импульсов в · заданном интервале времени, определяемом длительностью импульсов, формируемых одновибраторами. В случае несовпадения этих сигналов в указанном интервале времени (из-за отказа одного из датчиков импульсов) выходной ' сигнал устройства не образуется,т.е. имеет место полный отказ устройства, т.е. невыдача импульсов в блок счета импульсов. При этом индикатор отказа формирует сигнал несовпадения, переключающий устройство в режим 20 рого элемента ИЛИ-HE, первый вход которого соединен с выходом первого элемента задержки, второй вход второго элемента ИЛИ-НЕ соединен с выходом второго одновибратора, со вторым входом элемента ИЛИ и со входом второго элемента задержки, выход которого соединен со вторым входом первого элемента ИЛИ-НЕ, выход элемента ИЛИ соединен со входом блока счета импульсов.In a known device, the signal,. · ’Perceived by the pulse counting unit, is formed at the output of the third 'And element only when the signals of the two pulse sensors coincide in a specified time interval, determined by the duration of the pulses generated by the single vibrators. If these signals do not coincide in the indicated time interval (due to the failure of one of the pulse sensors), the output signal of the device is not generated, i.e. there is a complete failure of the device, i.e. pulse output to the pulse counter. In this case, the failure indicator generates a mismatch signal that switches the device to the mode of the 20th OR-HE element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first delay element, the second input of the second OR-NOT element is connected to the output of the second one-shot, with the second input of the OR element and with the input the second delay element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first OR-NOT element, the output of the OR element is connected to the input of the pulse counter.

На чертеже представлена блоксхема устройства для счета.импуль. сов.The drawing shows a block diagram of a device for counting. Pulse. owls

Устройство содержит датчики '1 и 2 импульсов, одновибраторы 3 иThe device contains sensors' 1 and 2 pulses, single vibrators 3 and

4, элементы И 5 и б, индикатор 7 отказа, блок 8 счета импульсов, элементы ИЛИ-НЕ 9 и 10, элементы 11 и 12 задержки и элемент ИЛИ 13.4, the elements And 5 and b, the failure indicator 7, the pulse counting unit 8, the OR elements NOT 9 and 10, the delay elements 11 and 12 and the OR element 13.

Выходы датчиков 1 и 2 импульсов восстановления, индицируя при этом, факт внезапного отказа одного из узлов. В режиме восстановления выявляется отказавший узел, выполняется ремонт и восстанавливается работоспособность отказавшего узла [2].The outputs of the sensors 1 and 2 of the recovery pulses, indicating at the same time, the fact of a sudden failure of one of the nodes. In recovery mode, a failed node is detected, repairs are performed and the failed node is restored to working capacity [2].

Недостаток известного устройства - низкая достоверность счета импульсов, так как отказ одного из датчиков приводит к отказу устройства в целом. Индикатор отказа, обнаруживая факт отказа одного из узлов, не выявляет отказавшего узла, использование сигналов несовпадения в блоке счета импульсов не улучшает достоверности счета импульсов, ибо не зная, какой узел отказал, невозможно осуществить ремонт и восстановление отказавшего узла в процессе функционирования устройства.A disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of the pulse count, since the failure of one of the sensors leads to a failure of the device as a whole. The failure indicator, detecting the fact of failure of one of the nodes, does not reveal the failed node, the use of mismatch signals in the pulse counter does not improve the reliability of the pulse count, because without knowing which node failed, it is impossible to repair and restore the failed node during the operation of the device.

Цель изобретения - повышение достоверности счета импульсов за счет выявления отказавшего датчика импульсов в процессе функционирования.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the pulse count by identifying a failed pulse sensor during operation.

Для достижения поставленной цели в устройство для счета содержащее два датчика два одновибратора, два блок счета импульсов и ‘ отказа, выходы первого датчиков импульсов соединены соответственно со входами первого и второго одновибраторов, выходы которых соединены соответственно с первыми входами первого и второго элементов И, , введены два элемента задержки,два элемента ИЛИ-НЕ и элемент ИЛИ, первый вход которого соединен с выходом первого одновибратора, со входом первого элемента задержки и с первым входом первого элемента ИЛИ-НЕ, выход которого соединен со вторым входом элемента И, выход которого соединен с первым входом индикатора отказа, второй вход которого соединен с выходом первого элемента И, второй вход которого соединен с выходом вто- ^5 импульсов, импульсов, элемента И, индикатор и второго соединены соответственно, со входами одновибраторов 3 и 4, выход последнего из -которых соединен с. первыми входами элементов ИЛИ 13, И 6, ИЛИ-НЕ 9 и со входом элемента 11 задержки, выход которого соединен с первым входом элемента ИЛИ-НЕ.10, второй вход которого соединен с выходом одновибратора 3, со вторым входом элемента ИЛИ 13, с первым.To achieve this goal, in the device for counting containing two sensors, two single vibrators, two pulse counting and 'failure' units, the outputs of the first pulse sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second single vibrators, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements And, two delay elements, two OR-NOT elements and an OR element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first one-shot, with the input of the first delay element and with the first input of the first OR-NOT element which is connected to the second input of the element And, the output of which is connected to the first input of the failure indicator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first element And, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second -> 5 pulses, pulses, element And, the indicator and the second are connected respectively, with inputs of single vibrators 3 and 4, the output of the last of which is connected to. the first inputs of the elements OR 13, AND 6, OR NOT 9 and with the input of the delay element 11, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element OR-NOT.10, the second input of which is connected to the output of the one-shot 3, with the second input of the element OR 13, with the first one.

¹³ . входом элемента И 5 и со входом элемента 12 задержки, .выход которого соединен со вторым входом элемента ИЛИ-НЕ 9, выход которого соединен со вторым входом элемента И 5,выход которого соединен с первым входом индикатора.7 отказов, второй вход которого соединен с выходом элемента И б, второй вход которого соединен с выходом элемента ИЛИ-НЕ 10, ’выход элемента ИЛИ 13 соединен со входом блока 8 счета импульсов. ¹³ . the input of the And 5 element and with the input of the delay element 12, the output of which is connected to the second input of the OR-NOT 9 element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the And 5 element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the indicator. 7 failures, the second input of which is connected to the output of the element And b, the second input of which is connected to the output of the element OR NOT 10, the output of the element OR 13 is connected to the input of the pulse counting unit 8.

• Предлагаемое устройство работает следующим образом.• The proposed device operates as follows.

При работающем, например, датчике 1 и неработающем датчике 2 на вход элемента 11 задержки и первый вход элемента И 5 поступают импульсы одновибратора 3, а на первый вхог^ элемента ИЛИ-НЕ 9 импульсы не поступают из-за отказа датчика 2. Благодаря задержке элементом 11 по переднему фронту цмпульса одновибратора и инверсии его элементом ИЛИ-НЕ 9 на обоих входах элемента И 5 импульсы появляются одновременно и на его выходе выделяется последовательность контрольных импульсов, что свидетельствует об отказе датчика 2, при этом длительность этих импульсов равна заданной величине задержки элемента 11. На выходе элемента И 6 контрольные импульсы не выделяются, ибо с момента отказа датчика 2 на первом его входе непрерывно присутствует нуль, что 'означает неисправность датчика 2.When, for example, sensor 1 and sensor 2 are working, the input of delay element 11 and the first input of element And 5 receive pulses of a single-shot 3, and pulses do not arrive at the first input of element OR NOT 9 due to a sensor 2 failure. Due to the delay by the element 11 along the leading edge of the single-oscillator pulse and its inversion by the OR-NOT 9 element at both inputs of the And 5 element, pulses appear simultaneously and a sequence of control pulses is allocated at its output, which indicates a failure of sensor 2, while the duration of these pulses equal to the predetermined value of the delay element 11. The output of AND gate 6 controls the pulses are not allocated, for since the failure of the sensor 2 at its first input is present continuously zero, that 'indicates a fault sensor 2.

8325&98325 & 9

При обоих ‘работающих датчиках 1 и 2 на первых входах элементов , И 5 и би ИЛИ-НЕ 9 и 10 одновременно появляются и исчезают импульсы, поступающие с одновибраторов 3 и 4, благодаря чему элементами И 5 и 6 контрольные импульсы не выделяют- ⁵ ся, что свидетельствует об исправлений обоих датчиков импульсов.With both working sensors 1 and 2, at the first inputs of the elements, AND 5 and bi OR-NOT 9 and 10, pulses coming from one-shots 3 and 4 simultaneously appear and disappear, due to which control pulses are not allocated to elements I 5 and 6, ⁵ , which indicates the corrections of both pulse sensors.

Следует заметить, что для автоматизированных систем управления механизмами прокатного стана датчики 1 и 2 импульсов могут быть, выполнены в единой конструкции, имеющей жесткую кинематическую связь с валом электродвигателя, и использующей в качестве чувствительных элементов, 15 например, два бесконтактных путевых переключателя типа БВК-24М, которые применительно к предлагаемому устройству располагаются таким образом, чтобы последовательности импульсов на 20 их выходах при вращении вала двигателя совпадали по фазе.It should be noted that for automated control systems of rolling mill mechanisms, pulse sensors 1 and 2 can be made in a single design that has a rigid kinematic connection with the motor shaft and uses, for example, 15 non-contact directional switches of the BVK-24M type as sensitive elements , which in relation to the proposed device are arranged so that the pulse sequences at their 20 outputs during rotation of the motor shaft coincided in phase.

Внезапные отказы датчиков импульсов разделяются на отказы вида ложная невыдача сигнала и ложная вы- 25 дача сигнала, которые имеют место, например, при обрыве и коротком замыкании чувствительного элемента соответственно . В обоих случаях отказавший датчик импульсов выявляется в интервале времени, не превышающем . периода следования импульсов. При этом при отказе вида ложная выдача сигнала может возникнуть такая ситуация, прй.которой на выходе элемента ИЛИ выделяется один лишний 35 импульс, что, однако, не имеет суще- . ственного значения, поскольку предлагаемое устройство используется.. для измерения пути перемещения предметов, например, по технологическим до линиям стана. / _: Sudden failures of the pulse sensors are divided into failures of the form false signal failure and false signal output, which take place, for example, when a sensor is interrupted and short-circuited, respectively. In both cases, the failed pulse sensor is detected in a time interval not exceeding. pulse repetition period. In this case, in the event of a failure of the form of a false signal, a situation may arise whereby one extra 35 impulses are emitted at the output of the OR element, which, however, is not significant. important value, since the proposed device is used .. to measure the path of movement of objects, for example, along the technological lines of the mill. / _:

Таким образом, введение в предлагаемое устройство новых логических элементов и связей, перечисленных выше, позволяет, с одной стороны, получить на выходе устройства последовательность импульсов с ординарной частотой следования, как при работе обоих датчиков, так и при работе одного из них, и во-вторых, ’ 50 выявить внезапно отказавший датчик, что позволяет осуществить ремонт и восстановление последнего в процессе функционирования устройства с одним исправным датчиком. 55Thus, the introduction of the new logic elements and connections listed above into the proposed device makes it possible, on the one hand, to obtain at the device output a sequence of pulses with an ordinary repetition rate, both during operation of both sensors and during operation of one of them, and secondly, '50 to identify a suddenly failed sensor, which allows repair and restoration of the latter during the operation of the device with one working sensor. 55

Эти факты повышают достоверность счета путевых импульсов с помощью предлагаемого устройства, благодаря чему исключается возможность ошибки измерения пути перемещения предметов и следовательно, возникновения аварийных ситуаций.These facts increase the reliability of the count of travel pulses using the proposed device, which eliminates the possibility of errors in measuring the path of movement of objects and, consequently, the occurrence of emergency situations.

Claims

The invention relates to technical means of informational systems and can be used in systems for measuring the movements of objects along a production line of a rolling mill. A major reserve device is known that contains redundant nodes, code and logic control blocks, a control block, and key elements in which, in order to improve reliability when one of the redundant nodes fails, the reserves are switched from a major merge to hot standby duplication. . by means of a special code control block. - During operation of a known device in a majoro unification, a failed node is detected by block control, which generates a mismatch signal when one of the nodes fails, obtained by detecting a mismatch in the interrelated time interval of the signals of the corresponding nodes compared in pairs. However, prevention is complicated in the device, structural redundancy is significantly increased, therefore it is impossible to use it in the operation mode with two redundant nodes in those cases when, for one reason or another, the operability of the nodes is not fully and efficiently controlled, because whose operation is based on the comparison of signals from redundant nodes in pairs, it is impossible to detect the failed node if the number of simultaneously controlled nodes is two, i.e. only one controlled pair is formed. A device for counting pulses is known, comprising two pulse sensors, two single vibrators, three AND elements, a fault indicator and a pulse counting unit, the outputs of the first and second pulse sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second one-shot, the outputs K9 of the second are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second And elements, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the third element And, the output of which is connected to the input of the pulse counting unit, the outputs of the one-vibrators are connected to the inputs of the fault indicator - the output to It is costly connected to the second inputs of the first and second elements I. In the known device, the signal perceived by the pulse counting unit is formed at the output of the third / element And only when the signals of the two pulse sensors coincide at a given time interval determined by the duration of the pulses generated by single-oscillators, V If these signals do not coincide in the specified time interval (due to the failure of one of the pulse sensors), the output signal of the device is not formed, i.e. non-issuance of pulses in the pulse counting unit. In this case, the failure indicator generates a failure signal between the switching device and the recovery mode, indicating in this case a fact of a sudden failure of one of the nodes. In the recovery mode, the failed node is repaired, the repair and repair of the failed node 2 is performed. A disadvantage of the known device is the low accuracy of the pulse counting, since the failure of one of the sensors leads to the failure of the device as a whole. .The failure indicator, detecting a failure of one node, is not a failed node, the use of mismatch signals in the pulse counting unit does not improve the accuracy of the pulse counting, because without knowing which node failed, it is impossible to repair and restore the opened node in the process. operation of the device. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of pulse counting by detecting a failed impulse sensor during operation. To achieve this goal, a pulse counting device containing two pulse sensors, two single vibrators, two AND elements, a light pulse counting indicator and a fault indicator, the outputs of the first and second pulse sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second single vibrators, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements And,, two delay elements are introduced, two OR-NOT elements and the OR element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first one-shot, from the input of the first delay element and with the first input of the first element OR NOT, the output of which is connected to the second input of the element AND, the output of which is connected to the first input of the failure indicator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first element AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second element OR- NOT. The first input of the coordinate is connected to the output of the first delay element, the second input of the second element OR is NOT connected to the output of the second one-shot, with the second stroke of the OR element and to the input of the second delay element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first element nta OR-NOT, output-element OR is connected to the input of the account block. The drawing shows a block diagram of a device for counting. Pulse. owls The device contains sensors 1 and 2 pulses, one-shot 3 and 4, elements AND 5 and 6, a fault indicator 7, a pulse counting unit 8, elements OR-NOT 9 and 10, delay elements 11 and 12, and element OR 13. Sensor outputs 1 and 2 pulses are connected respectively with the inputs of one-shot 3 and 4, the output of the latter from which is connected to. the first inputs of the elements OR 13, AND 6, OR-NOT 9 and with the input of the element 11 delay, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element OR-NOT.10, the second input of which is connected to the output of the one-vibrator 3, with the second input of the element OR 13, first. the input element AND 5 and with the input of the element 12 delay. The output of which is connected to the second input of the element OR NOT 9, the output of which is connected to the second input of the element AND 5, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fault indicator.7, the second input is connected to the output element And b, the second input of which is connected With the output of the element OR NOT 10, the output of the element OR 13 is connected to the input of the block 8 of the pulse counting. The proposed device works as follows. When the sensor 1 is working, for example, and the sensor 2 is inoperative, the inputs of the delay element 11 and the first input of the element 5 receive pulses of the one-vibrator 3, and the first element OR-NOT 9 does not receive pulses due to the failure of sensor 2. Due to the delay of element 11 through the front edge of a one-shot pulse and its inversion by the element OR-NE 9 at both inputs of the element AND 5 pulses appear simultaneously and a sequence of control pulses is output at its output, which indicates a failure of sensor 2, while the duration of these pulses equal to the specified value of the delay element 11. At the output of the element And 6 control pulses are not allocated, because from the moment of failure of sensor 2, zero is continuously present at its first input, which means that sensor 2 is faulty. For both sensors 1 and 2, the first inputs of elements AND 5 and b and OR-HE 9 and 10 simultaneously, pulses coming from the single vibrators 3 and 4 appear and disappear, so that the control pulses do not pick off the elements of AND 5 and 6, which indicates the correction of both pulse sensors. It should be noted that for automated systems for controlling the mechanisms of the rolling mill, the pulse sensors 1 and 2 can be made in a single design that has a rigid kinematic connection with the motor shaft and, for example, two contactless traveling switches of the type BVK as sensitive elements -24M, which, in relation to the proposed arrangement, are positioned so that the pulse sequences of their outputs during rotation of the motor shaft coincide in phase. : Sudden failures of the pulse sensors are divided into failures of the type of bed, failure to emit a signal and false output of a signal, which occur, for example, in the event of an open circuit and short circuit of a sensitive element, respectively. In both cases, the failed pulse sensor is detected in a time interval not exceeding the pulse duration period. In this case, in case of failure of the type of false signal, such a situation may occur, with. which, at the output of the OR element, one extra pulse is allocated, which, however, is not significant, since the proposed device is used to measure the path of movement of objects, for example, along the process lines of the mill. Thus, the introduction to the proposed the arrangement of new logic elements and connections listed above allows, on the one hand, to obtain at the device output a sequence of pulses with an ordinary following frequency, both during the operation of both sensors and during the operation of one of them, and Secondly, you have installed a suddenly failed sensor that allows you to repair and restore 1 ~ the next one in the process of operating the device with one actuator. These facts increase the accuracy of the track pulse count by means of the proposed device, thereby eliminating the possibility of measuring error in the path of movement of objects and, consequently, in emergency situations. . Claims An apparatus for counting pulses, comprising two pulse sensors, two. one-shot, two elements AND, a pulse counting unit and a failure indicator, the outputs of the first and second pulse sensors are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second one-shot, the outputs KoiTopbtx are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements AND -. so that, in order to increase the reliability of the counting. pulses due to detecting the failed pulse sensor during operation, two delay elements are introduced into it, two OR NOT elements and the OR element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first single vibrator, the delay element and the first input of the first element OR NOT, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second element AND, the output of which is connected to the primary input of the fault indicator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first element and, second in od is connected to output v.torogo OR-NO element, whose first input is connected to the output of the first delay element ment, the second input of the second OR-NO element is connected to the output. the second one-shot, with the input element OR in the torism and the input of the second delay element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first element OR NOT, the output of the element OR is connected to the input of the pulse counting unit. . Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1..The author's certificate of the USSR No. 320812, cl. H 03 K G 06 M ll / OO, 1972.. .

2. Reliability of control systems. b. Kiev Institute of Automation. Iev, Naukova Dumka g 1975,. . 107-110, fig.