SU83014A1 - Two stroke engine - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines with continuous purge and exhaust through windows controlled by a small piston-spool using the energy of the exhaust gases in a kinematically independent crankshaft turbocharger.

Already known are engines of this type, in which the design of a small piston drive, controlling the opening of exhaust windows, allows the time-section of the exhaust and the degree of compression to be varied along the way.

Also known are engines with a camshaft drive from a helical gear, moved in the axial direction, in order to change the valve timing.

In the proposed engine, the small-porsh-golder drive elements, which allow varying the compression ratio as well as the exhaust section n cut-off time, are used jointly, which gives the engine high maneuverability properties, providing the necessary power of the turbo-compressor gas turbine in a wide load range and creating optimal condition of reversing the working shaft.

The combined use of these kinematic elements is a distinctive feature of the proposed dvggatel.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed engine in cross section; in fig. 2 shows a diagram of the transmission of movement from the camshaft to the small piston-spool; in fig. 3 is a diagram of a camshaft drive and a reversal mechanism.

In the engine cylinder, the working piston /, which controls the opening of the purge ports 2, and the small piston-spool 3, which controls the opening of the exhaust ports 4, move. The exhaust cans flow into the turbine 5, causing the purge air compressor 6 to rotate. A SMALL-piston-spool is driven by a camshaft 7 with the help of two connecting rods 8 and 9 and rocker arms 10. The work of gases, perceived by a small piston-zolot.m, is transmitted to the crankshaft 1} by means of a gear train consisting of gears J2, 13, 14, 15.

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The yoke 10 of the drive of the zolotnik 3 is planted on the expeptric roller 16. By turning this roller with the help of a worm PP-01; transmissions / 7-18 it is possible, with the engine running, to push the PL11. Lower the porili-spool 3. This changes the volume of the compression chamber, i.e. the steneppe of compression of the engine, as well as the value of the time-section of the exhaust.

Gear pinion 12 of the distribution shaft drive on nj; ii dah. The axial movement of this pterion with a worm 19 and a lever 20 with a toothed sector: it is possible to rotate the distribution: 1H shaft relative to the crankshaft. In this way, the exhaust phases are changed, obtaining in the limit the phases corresponding to the reverse rotation of the engine, or, by other elephants, carried out a reverse.

When the engine is started and at low speeds, and, consequently, and at low loads, the output voltage of the worm gear is 19–20 and the earliest opening of the exhaust windows is repressed.

Early opening of the exhaust ports ensures that the turbulent exhaust gases are exhausted at elevated pressures, thereby accelerating the acceleration of the turbocharger and allowing the cylinders to be charged with air at low loads.

When the load is increased, the exhaust non-warning decreases.

Thus, the phase change is determined by exhausting me- chanical mecha- pism on the move between 2AT: 1 allows you to select and: 5 cylinders the necessary part of the gas eergy and direct it to the turbo; 1y of the charge unit to ensure air charge charging:) M in accordance with the engine load.

The change in the volume of the air compression chamber and the course of the engine makes it possible to maintain 1 standing pressure at the end of compression at all variations of the boost pressure.

P redemt p z about a b eide e and

A two-stroke internal combustion engine with a non-winding purge and exhaust through windows that are supported by a small spool valve, using exhaust gases in a kinematically independent turbocharger, characterized in that, in order to provide the necessary gas turbine power in a wide range. and creating an optical condition for reversing the working shaft, in the small-plow drive mechanism of the hammer, jointly are balematic elements that allow to change the compression ratio and also the time-interval and exhaust phase.

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