SU829934A1

SU829934A1 - Method of measuring strain in rock body

Info

Publication number: SU829934A1
Application number: SU782587341A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Тамерлан Михайлович Урумов; Либкнехт Иванович Фрей
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Г-4983
Priority date: 1978-03-06
Filing date: 1978-03-06
Publication date: 1981-05-15

Description

Изобретение относитс к механике горных пород и предназначено дл использовани при подземных разработках на большой глубине.This invention relates to rock mechanics and is intended for use in deep-pit underground mining.

Известен способ определени напр жений , действующих в массиве методом буровых скважин. Этот метод основан на измерении деформаций стенок скважины в различных направлени х. С .этой целью в массиве пород пробуривают скважины и помещают в нее деформометр - прибор дл измерени деформаций . Определив модуль упругости и коэффициент Пуассона по формулам теории упругости, вычисл ют величину напр жений в месте установки приборов Cl There is a known method for determining stresses acting in an array using the borehole method. This method is based on measuring the deformations of the borehole walls in different directions. For this purpose, wells are drilled in the rock mass and a deformometer, a device for measuring deformations, is placed into it. Having determined the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio using the formulas of the theory of elasticity, calculate the magnitude of the stresses at the installation site of the devices Cl

Недостатком данного способа вл етс то, что величину напр жени в скважине определ ют уже после того, как произошла деформаци . Также в услови х большой глубины плотность горного массива достигает предельных значений (породы переход т в плотнотекущеобразное состо ние) , поэтому определение напр жений в данном случае на основе методов теории упругости не всегда дает удовлетворительные результаты.The disadvantage of this method is that the stress in the well is determined already after the deformation has occurred. Also, under conditions of great depth, the density of the mountain massif reaches its limiting values (the rock passes into a densely flowing state), so the determination of stresses in this case based on the methods of the theory of elasticity does not always give satisfactory results.

Известен также способ определени напр жений в горном массиве, включающий бурение скважины, установку в нее деформатрра, определение исходного замера и вычисление .искомого напр жени 2 .,There is also known a method for determining stresses in a mountain range, which includes drilling a well, installing a deformer in it, determining the initial measurement and calculating the net stress 2.,

.Однако область применени метода распростран етс не на все горные породы . Сыпучие горные породы или силь0 но пластичные непригодны дл применени метода. В услови х большой глубины , т.е. повышенной напр женности, плотность горного массива достигает - предельных з aчeний, поэтому величи5 наразгрузки, определ ема по выбуренным кернам, может оказатьс прак . тически одинаковой на различных глубинах . Кроме того, способ характеризуетс сложностью и ненадежностьюHowever, the field of application of the method does not apply to all rocks. Loose rocks or very plastic materials are not suitable for the application of the method. In conditions of great depth, i.e. The increased stress, the density of the mountain massif reaches its limit, and therefore the load, determined by the drilled cores, can be great. tically the same at different depths. In addition, the method is characterized by complexity and unreliability

0 измерени микродеформации в данных услови х.0 measurements of microstrain under these conditions.

Цель изобретени - расширение области применени и повышение надежности измерений путем использовани The purpose of the invention is to expand the scope and increase the reliability of measurements by using

гидростатических свойств горного массива . hydrostatic properties of the mountain range.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что полость скважины расшир ют в обе стороны и определ ют величинуThe goal is achieved by expanding the cavity of the well in both directions and determining the value

Claims

0 conventionally instantaneous extraction of the gap, according to which the magnitude of stress in a mountainous massif is judged. The drawing shows schematically the proposed method. In the mountain range, a well 1 is drilled, into which a deformo meter 2 is placed at a distance of not more than 2. After this, the cavity 3 of the wells is expanded in both directions with a special device, i.e. a gap of width B is taken as the base. Determination of stresses is performed according to the value of spin extraction in the following way: LTH) -100 stresses required, kg / cm, value of spin extraction at the point of definition of stress, volume weight, g / cm, depth of working, cm; the amount of pressing the gap in the zone of an intact array at a depth of H, mm. In the case when the strength properties of the rock massif in the horizontal and vertical directions are different (this may be due to the complexity of the massif, the texture of rocks by tectonic disturbances, etc.), the extraction value f and voltage d are determined in all the main directions (fH); f. (yy) and m: f (yy;, and bu. bg, 6 The initial value of pressing the gap in the zone of an intact array is determined as follows. From a single workout of a small section at a depth n in the right direction, a measurement of the value of spin is made at base B at certain intervals from the production wall Starting from a certain depth of the well B, the value of f remains constant, which corresponds to the state of the intact mass. Formula of the invention The method of determining the stresses in the mountain range, including the drilling of a well, installing a deformat Pa, determining the initial measurement and calculating the required voltage, characterized in that, in order to expand the scope and reliability of measurements by using the hydrostatic properties of the rock mass, the well cavity is expanded in both directions and the magnitude of the conditionally instantaneous pressing of the slit is determined by which is judged on the magnitude of stress in the mountain range.Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1.Nasonov L.N. Mechanics of rocks and fastening of mine workings. M., Nedra, 1969, p. 77.

2.Bilik Sh.M. Instruments and apparatus for the study of occurrence of rock pressure. Ugletekhizdat, 1958, p. 224-230.

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