SU829605A1 - Method of vegetable residue processing int fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for growing plants in greenhouses, advantageously on permanent substrates.

A known method of processing straw in the soil is al replenishment of minerals and organic matter, which consists in that wheat straw, rye, barley oats, rice in the fall is buried in the soil to a depth of 10 -30 cm in a dose of 4-16 t-ha

However, the recommended ratio

straw to soil 1: 5OO - 1: 1OO and the duration of decomposition of 1 g is unacceptable for the conditions of artificial cultivation of plants.

The closest to the proposed method is the processing of wheat straw in a microbial batch cultivator, in which the straw is added to active sludge containing 1 dog microflora and the residues of straw that have not been fully decomposed in the previous process. Adjustment in water srsae (1 p for UO g of added straw) at 36-37 With the air flow rate of 3 l / min per 1 l of suspension 2.

However, this method is characterized by incomplete processing of plant residues into products suitable for utilization of plants.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the processing of plant residues into products suitable for utilization by plants.

The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method, plant residues are deposited under a layer of solid substrate at a ratio of 1: 2O-5O by weight of the substrate, and microbiological decomposition is carried out while maintaining a humidity of 70-90%.

The essence of the method is as follows.

In plant residues placed in humus, under the influence of an adapted soil biocomplex, including bacteria, microscopic fungi, yeast, actinomes, algae, protozoa to invertebrates (enhegrid, mites, colembrils, lumbritz), mineralization processes and transformations occurring, and mineralization processes and transformations occur, and mineralization processes and transformations of the transformations of the transformations and transformations of the transformations of the mineralized and transformed animals, minerals, and mites can occur. substances (both added residues and substrate. As a result, the substrate is enriched with plant mineral nutrition elements, biologically active compounds. By decomposing the humus from the original substrate into It is filled with newly formed humic substances. The rate of decomposition depends on the ratio: applied plant residues - substrate, temperature, humidity, and conditions of substrate aeration. Example: In a 3.2 liter vessel (diameter 20 cm, height 2O cm) 2 kg are placed. humus, injected 50 mature specimens of lyumbricide and 150 individuals of enhetryd. Remove the upper layer about 2 cm, add a layer (3-4 cm) of leaf stalked wheat seed mass and again close the upper layer. The ratio of plant {51e residues - substrate on average for 9 cycles of 1:25. The substrate is moistened with distilled water until it is completely water-holding and later, using periodic waterlogging, the humidity is maintained at 70-9 O%, aerated with air at 0.1 O, 3 l / min per liter. Temperature 15-25 ° C. These hydroaerobic conditions are maintained throughout the decomposition period (SO-4O days) for 9 cycles. The introduction of plant; residues are also repeated 9 times. . The fertilizer obtained contains mineral nutrients (mg / kg dry weight: N 120-25О; Р 5О-13О; К 1200-1700: М ЗО-55, and organic nutrients 4.5 - 7.5 g / kg dry mass, including humic substances 5OO-80O mg / kg. Water extract from the fertilizer has a stimulating effect on the growth of the root system and the aerial parts of plants.Thus, the proposed method: allows you to process the plant fertilizer, which in its composition is close to humus and surpassing it in the quality of the plants grown on it. Method of processing plant residues fertilizer, including creating an adapted biocomplex in a substrate, introducing plant residues into it and performing microbial decomposition into hydroaerobic conditions, characterized in that, in order to improve the processing of plant residues, they are applied under a layer of solid substrate at a ratio of 1 : 2 O-50 by weight of the substrate, and microbiological decomposition is carried out while maintaining a humidity of 70-90%. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Lime TAA. Issue 3, 1978, pp. 25-33. 2 .. Lime of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, No. 5, no. 1, 1976, p. 62.

Claims (1)

Claim A method of processing plant residues into fertilizer, including the creation of an adapted biocomplex in the substrate, introducing plant residues into it and microbiological decomposition under hydroaerobic conditions, characterized by heme, which, in order to improve the processing of plant residues, they are applied as a layer under a layer of solid substrate at a ratio of 1: 20-50 by weight of the substrate, and microbiological decomposition is carried out while maintaining a moisture content of 70-90%.