SU827685A1 - Well-expanding device - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to construction and can be used to expand wells when excavating trenches in diameter for ramming piles.

A device for expanding wells in diameter for printed piles is known. It consists of a drill bit, at the end of which a well reamer is attached. The reamer consists of a rod, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the axis of rotation, the drill column and the hydraulic jack attached to the rod. Cutting knives are pivotally attached to the lower part of the rod, the top of the cutting knives is connected to the hydraulic cylinder rod by means of pushing rods 1.

The force developed by the hydraulic jack is transmitted through the pushing rods to the cutting knives. Under the action of this force and with the simultaneous rotation of the drill string, the cutting knives are inserted into the soil and cut it in layers, forming an expanded cavity at the base of the well.

Another well-known device is also known, comprising a housing made in the form of a hollow cylinder, inside of which there is an actuator in the form of a jack, to which an expander is attached, made of hinged upper and lower plates and a support rod with an emphasis 2.

Under the action of the force developed by the hydraulic jack, of the drive, the upper and lower plates are diverted to the sides and pressed into the ground. By changing the direction of pressure in the hydraulic jack, the upper and lower plates return to their original position. Then the installation is rotated around its axis and again press the plates into the ground.

As a result, an enlarged cavity B of the base of the well of a given size is formed and the soil compresses under the lower plates.

This device is closest to the invention by its technical essence and the achieved result.

The disadvantage of it is that a hydraulic system with a complicated structure and operation is used as a loading mechanism, which requires special qualified service.

In addition, the forces from the jack to the upper and lower plates are transmitted as a static load, so the size of the compacted soil under the lower plates is negligible. And since the emphasis on the body does not move, the ground under

the stop is not compacted. Since the hinges connecting the upper and lower plates have a maximum displacement, the degree of soil compaction under the lower plates varies from zero, at the joints with their stop, to the maximum, at the joints with the upper plates, which greatly affects on the carrying capacity of piles.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the soil base of the well and simplify the design.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the drive is made in the form of a hammer and a hammer, inside which there is an axial channel in which the support pinch is placed, while it has a stop located on its upper end, and the body in its lower part is equipped with vertical support struts which are placed upper and lower plates of the expander.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device; in fig. 2 - the initial position of the hole cleaner and the diagram of the forces acting on the plates at the moment of impact of the support on the bottom of the well; in fig. 3 - the final position of the scavenger in the well.

The well padding device comprises a housing 1, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the lower part of which is provided with support columns 2. Inside the housing 1 there is a loading mechanism 3, made in the form of a hammer, illuminated to the yoke 4. A hammer is attached to the lower end of the hammer 3 and the striker 5, an axial channel 6 is provided. On the side surface of the hammer 3 are grooves 7, which can fit into guides 8, fixed in a vertical position inside housing 1. Opposite ends of guides 8 are provided with an upper pack rum 9 and lower abutments 10. These are designed in order to hammer 3 does not come out of the guide 8, thereby providing operational stability of the device.

To the lower end of the hammer 3 by means of hinges, and an expanding-sealing system consisting of upper plates 12 connected by means of hinges 13 to the lower plates 14 is attached. Lower plates 14 are connected by hinges 15 to the stop 16. The stop 16 is provided with a bearing 17. freely positioned inside the axial channel 6. The support bar 17 serves so that the stop 16 together with the hinges 15 can only move parallel to the center line of the expander, otherwise the expansion-sealing system will have a number of degrees of freedom more than u Nica and motion stops 16 and plates 12 and 14 will be uncertain.

At the upper end of the support rod 17 is attached a stopper 18, limiting the displacement of the stop 16 relative to the hammer

3. The limiter 18 is necessary so that in the initial position of the expanding sealing system of the axis of rotation of the hinges 13 are not on the a-a line of the force passing through the axis of rotation of the hinges 11 and 15 (see Fig. 2), otherwise jamming of the expansion-sealing system is possible.

The well padding device operates as follows.

The well remover is lowered into the drilled well as far as the pillars 2 stop at the bottom of the well, and hammer 3, together with drummer 5, can move downward until hinges 13 abut the side walls of the well.

Using the crosshead 4, hammer 3 is raised together with drummer 5. When hammer 3 is raised and impact 5 is driven, they slide along the guides 8 and the support rod 17, while the stop 16 with the support rod 17 remains on the surface of the well base until the stop 18 does not touch the upper end of the hammer 3. The plates 12 and 14 occupy the initial position, and further the expansion-sealing system rises together with the hammer 3 and the hammer 5. When the hammer reaches the stop 9, the hammer 3 and the hammer 5 together with the expansion seal system is reset. When moving down the hammer 3, it slides along the guides 8, the landmark of the upper plates 12 and the lower plates 14 relative to the openings between the legs 2.

Upon impact of the stop 16 on the bottom of the well, hammer 3 with the hammer 5, due to kinetic energy, continues to move downward, exerting pressure on the plates 12 and 14 through the hinges 11 and 15. As in the initial position of the plates 12 and 14, the hinges 13 were outside the line a-a acting force, the force of impact Q of hammer 3 is decomposed into force P acting along this line and force T, moving the plates 12 and 14. Force P will compact the soil under the stop 16, and force T will press plates 12 and 14 into the soil, compact it and form a broadened cavity at the base of the well.

In order to achieve a given value of the well expansion and the degree of compaction of the soil, the cycle can be repeated until the impactor 5 strikes the stop 16 (see Fig. 3), and more so the soil under the stop 16 and below the plates 14.

To compact the soil over the entire base of the well, the expander may be lifted and rotated, after which the work of the expander is repeated.

Using the described device for expanding the well allows to obtain a uniform compaction of the soil over the entire area of the base of the well, and due to the fact that the compaction of the soil occurs in a shock manner, the thickness of the compaction

Claims (1)

Claim A device for expanding wells, comprising a housing made in the form of a hollow cylinder, inside of which there is a drive, to which an expander is attached, made of pivotally connected upper and lower plates and 15 support rods with a stop, characterized in that, in order to improve the soil base of the well and simplify the design, the drive is made in the form of a hammer and hammer, inside which an axial channel is made, in which the support rod is placed, while it has a limiter located on its upper end, and the body in its lower part is provided with vertical supports between which are arranged the upper and lower plate expanders.