SU826525A1

SU826525A1 - Converter of number of phases of three-phase voltage system

Info

Publication number: SU826525A1
Application number: SU782621512A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Анатолий Корнеевич Шидловский; Александр Дмитриевич Музыченко; Юрий Николаевич Горлач; Владимир Федорович Буденный; Александр Васильевич Долгинцев; Михаил Максимович Таран; Анатолий Юрьевич Петров
Original assignee: Inst Elektrodinamiki Akademii
Priority date: 1978-06-02
Filing date: 1978-06-02
Publication date: 1981-04-30

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике и может быть использовано в преобразовательной и измерительной технике, в цепях защиты и автомати- $ ческого управления, а также в источниках питания.The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in converting and measuring equipment, in protection and automatic control circuits, as well as in power sources.

Известны преобразователи числа фаз, выполненные на трансформаторах [11, И , [3], [4] , (5] и [б] . Наиболее перспективный из них [б]' выполнен на трехстержневом магнитопроэоде, на котором расположены пятнадцать обмоток .Known phase number converters made on transformers [11, I, [3], [4], (5] and [b]. The most promising of them [b] 'is made on a three-core magnetoproeode, on which there are fifteen windings.

Недостаток этого преобразователя 15 числа фаз - большие весо-габаритные показатели при малой передаваемой мощности (порядка 1 ВА и менее) .The disadvantage of this converter 15 of the number of phases is the large weight and overall performance with low transmitted power (of the order of 1 VA or less).

Известен также преобразователь числа фаз, представляющий собой схе- мы соединения трех сопротивлений первой группы в звезду и трех сопротивлений второй группы в треугольник [7]_;Такие соединения позволяют получить шестифазную систему напряжений, несимметричных по амплитуде и фазному углу.A phase number converter is also known, which is a diagram of the connection of three resistances of the first group into a star and three resistances of the second group into a triangle [7] _; Such compounds make it possible to obtain a six-phase system of voltages that are asymmetric in amplitude and phase angle.

Недостаток преобразователя-ограниченное (не превышающее б) количество фаз выходной системы напряжений.The disadvantage of the Converter is a limited (not exceeding b) the number of phases of the output voltage system.

Известен также преобразователь числа фаз симметричной трехфазной системы напряжений, содержащий входные и выходные выводы, три делителя напряжения, соединенные в треугольник, вершины которого подключены к входным выводам [8] .Однако, это устройство позволяет получить лишь симметричную трехфаэную и симметричную шестифазную сис темы выходных напряжений.There is also a known converter of the number of phases of a symmetric three-phase voltage system containing input and output terminals, three voltage dividers connected in a triangle, the vertices of which are connected to the input terminals [8]. However, this device allows only a symmetric three-phase and symmetric six-phase system of output voltages .

Цель изобретения - получение симметричной девятифазной системы выходных напряжений при различной величине и фазном угле симметричной нагрузки.The purpose of the invention is to obtain a symmetric nine-phase system of output voltages at various magnitudes and phase angles of the symmetrical load.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что преобразователь числа фаз симметричной трехфазной системы напряжений, содержащий входные и выходные выводы, три делителя напряжения, соединенные в треугольник, вершины которого подключены к входным выводам, снабжен тремя дополнительными делителями напряжения, соединенными в звезду, лучи которой подключены к входным выводам, причем каждый из ¹делителей, включенных в треугольник, выполнен с Двумя отводами и состоит · из трех сопротивлений, величины ко торых относятся между собой какThis goal is achieved by the fact that the phase number converter of a symmetric three-phase voltage system containing input and output terminals, three voltage dividers connected to a triangle, the vertices of which are connected to input terminals, is equipped with three additional voltage dividers connected to a star, the rays of which are connected to input conclusions, and each of the ¹ dividers included in the triangle is made with two taps and consists of three resistances, the values of which relate to each other as

С05^‘.cos-iy.cos—jg- , а каждый из делителей, включенных в звезду, выполнен с одним отводом и состоит из двух сопротивлений, величины которых относятся между собой как (2cog^--i) : 1, при этом каждое из подключенных к входным выводам сопротивлений делителей, .соединенных в треугольник, равно по величине каждому из сопротивлений, подключенных к общей точке делителей, соединенных в звезду, а указанные отводы образуют выходные выводы.C05 ^ '. Cos-iy.cos — jg-, and each of the dividers included in the star is made with one tap and consists of two resistances, the values of which are related to each other as (2cog ^ - i): 1, while each of the resistances of the dividers connected to the input terminals connected in a triangle is equal in magnitude to each of the resistances connected to the common point of the dividers connected to the star, and these taps form the output conclusions.

фиг. 1 представлена принципиальная схема устройства; нафиг. 2 топографическое изображение сопротивлений преобразователя и векторов напряжений на них,’ на фиг, 3 и 4 принципиальные схемы определения сопротивлений короткого замыкания для различных фаз выходной системы напряжений.FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device; nafig. 2 is a topographic representation of the converter resistances and the voltage vectors thereon, ’in FIGS. 3 and 4 are circuit diagrams for determining short circuit resistances for various phases of the output voltage system.

Преобразователь числа фаз состоит из входных 1-3 и выходных 4-12 выводов, трех сопротивлений 13-15 первой группы, трех сопротивлений 16-18 второй группы и дополнительных девяти сопротивлений 19-27. Как видно из фиг.1 три сопротивления первой группы и шесть дополнительных сопротивлений одним концом подсоединены к входным выводам. Три остальных- дополнительные сопротивления соединены одними концами между собой в звезду. Каждый из трех первых выходных выводов подсоединен ко второму концу сопротивления первой группы и другому концу одного из трех дополнительных сопротивлений, а каждый из шести остальных выходных выводов подсоединен к второму концу одного из шести дополнительных сопротивлений и одному из концов сопротивления второй группы.The phase number converter consists of input 1-3 and output 4-12 outputs, three resistances 13-15 of the first group, three resistances 16-18 of the second group and an additional nine resistances 19-27. As can be seen from figure 1, the three resistances of the first group and six additional resistances at one end are connected to the input terminals. The other three are additional resistances connected by one end to another in a star. Each of the first three output terminals is connected to the second end of the resistance of the first group and the other end of one of the three additional resistances, and each of the six remaining output terminals is connected to the second end of one of the six additional resistances and one of the ends of the resistance of the second group.

Преобразователь работает следующим образом.The converter operates as follows.

Входные выводы 1-3 подключены к трехфазной симметричной системе напряжений. С помощью делителей напряжения, выполненных на сопротивлениях 13-27, на выходных выводах имеет место дёвятифазная система напряжений.Input terminals 1-3 are connected to a three-phase balanced voltage system. Using voltage dividers made at resistances 13-27, a nine-phase voltage system takes place at the output terminals.

Если между сопротивлениями существует следующая зависимостьIf the following relationship exists between the resistances

4-i ⁼1Ь ⁼ 49 =4-i ⁼ 1b ⁼ 49 = ^Ζι?“ ^£42 ^Ζ ι? “ ^£ 42 z’^s 4z ' ^s 4 Z Z = z„ = z „ = z = z хь xy 2* 2 * 25 25

(1) (2) (3)(1) (2) (3)

41^ и, кроме того, выполняются УСЛОВИЯ 2со»-у— 1 (») ¹⁰ я?41 ^ and, moreover, the CONDITIONS 2co "-y — 1 (") ¹⁰ I are fulfilled?

* 1¾ , ^соа Tg- (₆) ^18 cos -I&* 1¾, ^coa Tg ₍₆₎ = 18 cos -I &

то на выходных выводах симметричная девятифазная система напряжений наблюдается только при режимах нагрузки, близких к холостому ходу.then at the output terminals a symmetrical nine-phase voltage system is observed only at load conditions close to idle.

На фиг. 2 дано топографическое изображение режима цепей преобразователя числа фаз при холостом ходе. При симметрии треугольника напряжений 1, 2, 3, девятиугольник 4-12 также симметричный. Условия (5) и (6) jq получены из рассмотрения геометрических соотношений в треугольниках. РОО и РАО при условии DT=DK и OD=KO. Угол K00=2J79, а угол P0D=T/9.In FIG. 2 shows a topographic image of the circuit mode of the phase number converter at idle. With the symmetry of the stress triangle 1, 2, 3, the heptagon 4-12 is also symmetrical. Conditions (5) and (6) jq are obtained from the consideration of geometric relations in triangles. ROO and RAO provided DT = DK and OD = KO. The angle is K00 = 2J79, and the angle is P0D = T / 9.

При возрастании токов нагрузок преобразователя потенциалы точек Т, ¹⁵ D и К стремятся к 0. Однако в связи с тем, что оптимальные.соотношения между и Z_iSc одной стороны и Ζ_1χи Z^_fec другой стороны не установлены, то при нагрузке преобразователя на20 рушается симметрия выгодной девятифазной систеьм.As the load currents of the converter increase, the potentials of the points T, ¹⁵ D and K tend to 0. However, due to the fact that the optimal relations between and Z _{iS on the} one hand and Ζ _1χ and Z ^ _{fe on the} other hand are not established, then under load converter 20 breaks the symmetry of a profitable nine-phase system.

Для получения симметричной выходной системы под нагрузкой определим сопротивления короткого замыкания 25 двух характерных выходных зажимов, например 12 и 4 по отношению к входным выводам 1, 2 и 3 . Эквивалентные схеш, состоящие из сопротивлений 22, 18, 27 и 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, эд представлена на фиг. 3 и 4 соответственно.To obtain a symmetrical output system under load, we determine the short-circuit resistance 25 of two characteristic output terminals, for example 12 and 4 with respect to the input terminals 1, 2 and 3. Equivalent shesh, consisting of resistances 22, 18, 27 and 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, ed is shown in FIG. 3 and 4, respectively.

Обозначив отношенияDesignating a relationship

(?) для сопротивлений короткого замыкания выводов 4 и 12 соответственно получим (в)(?) for short-circuit resistances of pins 4 and 12, respectively, we obtain (c)

-7 (9)-7 (9)

Из (5), (6) и (8), (9) найдем, что для получения симметричной девятифазной системы напряжений под нагрузкой необходимо, чтобы между величинами сопротивлений имело место соотношение у С09 ~ ^zA^;z«»^=2coS-9--< '--^2 ϋο) ^{55 4 Ζ}1? ^ζ2θ“ ^Ζ2ΐ'^Ζ21° ^Ζ23 ^Ζ24^β,..χ ⁼ ^5 ^{= Ζ}Χ7 ⁽¹¹⁾ From (5), (6) and (8), (9) we find that in order to obtain a symmetric nine-phase system of voltages under load, it is necessary that the relation between C09 ~ ^z A ^{; z} "" ^{= 2coS} -9- - <'- ^ 2 ϋο) ^{55 4 Ζ} 1? ^ζ 2θ “ ^Ζ 2ΐ ' ^Ζ 21 ° ^Ζ 23 ^Ζ 24 ^β , .. χ ⁼ ^ 5 ^{= Ζ} Χ7 ⁽¹¹⁾

Согласно (11) все дополнительные сопротивления должны быть равны межд> собой. Кроме того, все сопротивления должны иметь одинаковый фазный угол. Для уменьшения массо-габаритных показателей в.качестве сопротивлений использованы резисторы. Если по условию работы преобразо65 вателя требуется высокий коэффициент , вместо сопротивиспользовать конприменения устройсттом, что оно позвополезного действия лений желательно денсаторы.According to (11), all additional resistances must be equal to each other. In addition, all resistances must have the same phase angle. To reduce the mass-dimensional indicators as resistors, resistors were used. If a high coefficient is required by the operating condition of the converter, instead of using resistance, use the device that it is desirable to use the capacitors because of the beneficial effect of the transistors.

Эффективность ва заключается в ляет увеличить число фаз выходных напряжений, уменьшить массо-габаритные показатели и снизить погрешность преобразования до 0,01+0,02%.The efficiency of VA consists in increasing the number of phases of the output voltages, reducing the mass and dimensional parameters, and reducing the conversion error to 0.01 + 0.02%.

Преобразователь числа фаз может быть использован для питания маломощного выпрямителя с количеством фаз равным девяти. При этом.величина пульсации выпрямленного напряжения без применения специальных фильтров не превышает 1%. Кроме того, такой преобразователь числа фаз может быть использован в преобразовательной и измерительной технике, а также в цепях защиты и автоматического управления, например, стабилизаторами напряжения, преобразователями частоты и синхронными генераторами.A phase number converter can be used to power a low-power rectifier with a number of phases equal to nine. In this case, the value of the ripple of the rectified voltage without the use of special filters does not exceed 1%. In addition, such a phase number converter can be used in converting and measuring equipment, as well as in protection and automatic control circuits, for example, voltage stabilizers, frequency converters and synchronous generators.

Claims

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in converter and measurement technology, in protection and automatic control circuits, as well as in power supplies. Known converters number: AZ, made on transformers 11, t2l, C31, 41, ts and tS. The most promising of them {bl is made on a three-core magnetic core, on which there are fifteen windings. The disadvantage of this P1 converter is the number of phases - large weight-dimension indicators with a small transmitted one. power (on the order of 1 VA or less). Also known is a phase number converter, which is a connection scheme of three resistors of the first group into a star and three resistances of the second group into a triangle. 7 Such compounds allow to obtain a six-phase voltage system that does not have amplitude and phase. The converter has a limited limit (not greater than b) number of phases of the output voltage system. A converter of the number of phases of a symmetric three-phase voltage system is also known. It contains input and output terminals, three voltage dividers connected in a triangle, the vertices of which are connected to the input terminals of Gu. However, this device allows to get only symmetrical three-phase and six-phase six-phase output voltage systems. zheniy. The purpose of the invention is to obtain a symmetric output voltage system at different values and phase angles of a symmetric load. This goal is achieved by the fact that the converter of the number of phases of a symmetric three-phase voltage system, contents input and output terminals, three voltage dividers connected in a triangle, the vertices of which are connected to the input terminals, are equipped with three additional voltage dividers connected in a star, rays which are connected to the input pins, each of the dividers included in the triangle, is made with two taps and consists of three resistances, the values of which are related to each other as cosf ..cosf ..cos and each of the dividers included in the star is made with one tap and consists of two resistances, the values of which are related to each other as (): 1, each of the dividers connected to the input terminals of the resistance of the dividers connected in a triangle is equal to each from the resistances connected to the common point of the dividers connected to the star, and the indicated taps form the output pins. Ne figs. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device in FIG. 2, a topographical depiction of the resistances of the converter and the voltage vectors on them, in FIG. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams for determining the short-circuit resistance for different phases of the output voltage system. The phase number converter consists of input 1-3 and output 4-12 pins, three resistances 13–15 of the first group, three resistances 16–18 of the second group, and additional nine resistances 19–27. As can be seen from Fig. 1, three resistances of the first group and six additional resistances are connected at one end to the input terminals. The three remaining, additional resistances are connected at one end to each other in the Star of Hykdy of the three first output pins connected to the second end from the resistance of the first group and the other end of one of the three additional resistances, and each of the six other output pins is connected to the second end one of the six additional resistances and one of the ends of the resistance of the second group. The Converter operates as follows. Input pins 1–3 are connected to a three-phase symmetric voltage system. With the help of voltage dividers made on resistances 13-27, a nine-phase voltage system takes place at the output terminals. If between the resistances there is the following relation r Zib; „(3) 49 Ch. 7 7 11 а.ь 2 а Ь 0.5 2 In addition, the conditions 4 2. Ср9- | - 1 in yj Zaz-t are fulfilled on the output pins. A symmetrical nine-phase voltage system is observed only at load conditions close to idling. FIG. Figure 2 gives a topographical depiction of the mode of the circuits of transforming the number of phases during idling. With the symmetry of a triangle, the stresses of 1, 2, 3, deviating 4-12 are also symmetrical. Conditions (5) and (b) are obtained from consideration of geometric relations in triangles. ROO and RW provided and. Angle, and angle. As the load currents of the converter increase, the potentials of the points T, D and K tend to 0. However, since the optimal ratios between 2 and one side 1 and Z, on the other hand, are not established, then when the converter is loaded, sodnoi typhi of the ad hoc system. To obtain this 1 output output system under load, we determine the short-circuit resistance of two characteristic output terminals, for example, 12 and 4 with respect to the input terminals 1, 2 and 3. Equivalent chips consisting of resistances 22, 18, 27 and 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21 are shown in FIG. 3 and 4 respectively. Denoting the relations -oL. "- for the short-circuit resistances of terminals 4 and 12, respectively, we obtain) s .. (4) -2, and s (: ь,) K.6lia) e From (5), (6) and (8 ), (9) we find that to obtain a symmetric nine-phase system of voltages under load, it is necessary that between the resistance values there is a relationship V-f9 2coS-g-: i9 - 4o ° ii gz, .. V Chb 7 (11) According to CI) all additional resistances should be equal between themselves. In addition, all resistances must have the same phase angle. To reduce the weight and size. indicators v. quality of resistance used resistors. If the operating condition of the converter requires a high efficiency, it is desirable to use capacitors instead of resistances. The effectiveness of the device is that it allows you to increase the number of phases of the output voltages, reduce the weight and dimensions and reduce the conversion error to 0.01 + 0.02%. A phase number converter can be used to power a low-voltage rectifier with a number of phases equal to nine. In this case, the magnitude of the ripple of the rectified voltage without the use of special filters does not exceed 1%. In addition, such a converter for the number of phases can be used in converter and measurement technology, as well as in protection and automatic control circuits, for example, voltage stabilizers, frequency converters and synchronous oscillators. Claims of Invention A number phase converter of a three-phase voltage system containing input and output pins, three voltage dividers connected in a triangle, the vertices of which are connected to the input pins, in order to obtain a symmetrical nine-phase output voltage system at a different magnitude and phase angle of a symmetric load, it is equipped with three additional voltage dividers connected in a star whose rays are connected to the input terminals, each of the dividers being included x in a triangle, is made with two taps and consists of three resistances, the magnitudes of which are related to each other 5: so5. Q Q oo and each of the dividers included in the star is made with one outlet and consists of two resistances, the values of which are relative mc between themselves -: 1, with each of the triangle-connected dividers connected to the input pins connected in a triangle equal to each of the resistances connected to a common point of the dividers connected to a star, and these Taps form the output leads. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Shl shankov B.M. Ignitron rectifiers. M., Transzheldorizdat, 1947.

2.Vamdas A.M., Kulinich V.A., Shapiro S.V. Static electromagnetic frequency converters and phase numbers. M.-L., GEI, 1961.

3.Shironin Yu.N. Some properties of the converters of the number of phases as an object of automatic regulation. Proceedings of the Gorky Polytechnic Institute. Gorky, 1972, 22-, .№2.

4.Muzychenko A.D., Budyonny V.F., Dolgintsev A.V. The output voltage of a multiphase transformer with asymmetry and non-sinusoidal supply of three-phase voltages. Try to do technical electrodynamics. K., Iaukova Dumka, 1975, p. 75-77.

5. The copyright certificate of the USSR 476644, cl. H 02 M 5/14, 1975.

6. Author's certificate of the USSR 555523, cl. H 02 M 5/14, 1977.

7. Bessonov L.A. Theoretical electrical engineering again. M., High Stake, 1962, p. 198, 199, 238.

8. Lekorgis J. Controlled electric valves and their use. ., Energie, 1971, p. 233-235.