SU822111A1 - Device for monitoring technical state of motor vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to devices for testing vehicles, in particular, to devices for monitoring the technical condition of vehicles.

A device for monitoring the technical condition of a car is known, which contains sensors mounted on the respective nodes of the car, a summing unit connected to an indicator, voltage dividers, the inputs of which are connected to the corresponding sensors, and the outputs. - to the block 'summation G1].

However, in this device the technical condition of the vehicle is estimated by the total magnitude of the voltage determined by the balance parameters, and therefore the control accuracy is relatively low because it does not take into account changes _χ absolute best enache- Nij parameters that may go beyond the tolerance and remain undetected due to overlapping them with other parameters.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a device for monitoring the technical condition of a car, which contains sensors ’mounted on the appropriate nodes of the car, a summing unit connected to an indicator, voltage dampers, units for comparing actual vehicle parameters with preset settings, and threshold blocks G2].

However, this device is also not accurate enough, adequately allows you to control the technical condition of the car.

Assume that the ith monitored parameter is

PR where · $ · is the limiting value of the i-th parameter; Se.j is an infinitesimal quantity.

8221

In this case, the indicator does not mark the limit state, since the corresponding threshold block has not yet triggered, and in the adder the value of the ιth parameter is blocked by other parameters. When the ith parameter receives the increment S s, i.e., it reaches the limit value, which, due to the theoretically infinite smallness of Ss ^, can occur almost instantly, the indicator will indicate the instant onset of the vehicle's malfunctioning state.

In the conditions of the actual gradual (continuous) change in the technical condition of the car, the device captures its instantaneous (discrete) change. This inaccurate display of the actual change in the technical condition of the car significantly reduces the value of the information received ^ planned on its basis, the transportation process may not be completed due to the failure of cars that had parameters with values S ^n₽ - Ss and released to the line at the time of verification.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the device and the accuracy of monitoring the technical condition of the car.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device containing sensors mounted on the corresponding nodes of the car, the adder, the output of which is connected to the indicator, and comparison blocks, introduced are made on a nonlinear element adjustable voltage dividers, the inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding sensor and block comparisons, the output is to one of the inputs. ·. <totalizer, and the input of each comparison unit® is connected to the output of the corresponding sensor.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 is a possible diagram of an adjustable voltage divider with a non-linear change in the transmission coefficient.

A device for monitoring the technical condition of a vehicle contains 2 _L sensors installed on vehicle nodes. _n parameters connected by their outputs to adjustable dividers 3 ^ _ _n voltage. The outputs of the adjustable dividers 3 ^ _ _and voltage are connected to the adder 4, which is connected to the indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car. The outputs of the sensors are additionally connected to the input of the blocks b ^ - /; comparisons, the outputs of which are connected to the regulation inputs of the adjustable voltage dividers 3 ^ _ _h .

The circuit of the adjustable voltage divider 3 ^ _ _h contains two series-connected 5 transistors 8 and 9 connected in a circuit with a common emitter with collector resistors 10 and 11. The input 12 of the voltage divider 3 ^ _ _m receives a signal from the corresponding sensor 2 ^ _ _m , 10 regulating input 7 is connected to the output of the comparison unit 6. The output 13 of the adjustable voltage divider 3 is connected to the adder 4.

The device works as follows 15 times.

Sensors 2 form electrical voltages, the value of which is determined by the values of the parameters of the corresponding nodes l _{1-h of the} car. 20 While these values correspond to a nominal, t. E setpoints comparing blocks, the signals at the outputs of the comparison unit 6 _{4 "and} zero, transistors 8 dividers 3 ^ _ _n locked voltage transistors 25 9 unlocked. As a result, at the inputs of adders 4, all signals are equal to zero, indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car shows the best technical condition of the car. 30 When changing the parameters of the units 1 ^ of the vehicle, the sensors 2 ^ - ^ form the corresponding electrical signals.

, These signals are fed to the inputs of 12 voltage dividers 3. At the same time ₃₅ , the absolute values of the parameters are compared with the nominal values set on the blocks.

If any, for example, i-parameter, deviates from the nominal value by the signal from the output corresponding to the i-th comparison unit 6, the transistor 8 of the corresponding 1st adjustable voltage divider 3 starts to unlock, and the transistor 9 closes.

The transmission coefficient K of the corresponding того -th voltage divider 3 is equal to ⁵⁰ K - ¹ where R- is the resistance of the resistor.

⁵⁵ Hi voltage divider 3;

R e is the equivalent resistance of the transistor 9;

the output resistance of the adder 4 'according to the corresponding ^{1 1} -current input.' and the * -th regulated voltage appears on the output of the divider 3 nal, indicating a change in the 4th parameter of the corresponding 'node of the car. This signal due to the nonlinear dependence on the signal -to _the input 7 increases to a greater extent, the closer the value of the parameter to the maximum permissible. With their equality, the transistor 9 is completely Rg »R i and expression (1) the form is locked takes (a) ^K max ~

1+

As the parameter of any node of the car deteriorates, the electrical signal at the output of one of the comparison units 6 increases.

A corresponding adjustable non-linear element, for example, a transistor 9, increases its resistance, increasing the transmission coefficient of the healer 3 voltage. Due to the nonlinearity of the adjustable element, as the signal at the output of the comparison unit 6 approaches the threshold value of the transistor 8, the degree of increase in the transmission coefficient of the corresponding voltage healer 3 increases. The voltage at its output is effectively increased, which leads to a corresponding significant increase in the readings of indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car. Thus, as the parameter of a node of the car approaches its limit value, indicator 5 will immediately respond to this change upon a signal from the corresponding adjustable voltage divider’3, the more so, the closer this parameter is to the limit value.

The voltage at the output of the adjustable 3 ^ _ _{and the} voltage becomes maximum, for example, when R d _x "(which can always be technically achieved), it is equal to the output voltage of the corresponding sensor. From the output of the adjustable voltage divider 3, a signal that is functionally dependent on the influence of each parameter on the technical condition of the car and on the degree to which this parameter approaches its maximum permissible value is fed to the adder 4, from the output of which

IS normalized voltage is supplied to the indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car.

The introduction of adjustable nonlinear elements into voltage healers, such as transistors, significantly increases the accuracy of monitoring the technical condition of a car.

The choice of resistance values or part of them in the expression (1) provides. A weighted summation of the signals ι sensors is functionally dependent on the influence of each parameter on the technical condition of the car, and the possibility of overlapping some parameters with a lower weight by others is excluded.

Indeed, let the weight of the ΐ -th parameter be 10 times higher than the weight of the j -th parameter and "R ^ ·, and Rgyj '* -’ "Rj" The transmission coefficients KjJ of the respective adjustable voltage dividers

For example, we have, i.e. at

While Rg% is small, the ratio at - 20ftj g R is small. + R.

aj о _and ----- ⁱⁿ j and R4 l Rj and equal deviations i -

- that parameters og nomi—

Therefore, the summation of the signals of the i-th and j-th parameters occurs in accordance with their weights. However, as any of these parameters approaches the limit value, the transistors 9 of the i-th and j -rorot voltage healers are locked.

R ^ and Rjj * rapidly increase, while k ^ -> 1 and Kj- * 1, that is, their weights become equal, which does not allow one parameter to be overlapped by others.

The proposed device adequately displays the technical condition of the car, allows you to track its change in dynamics, which is especially important. · When planning the transportation process, since it allows you to predict further changes in the condition of the car, it also allows you to more accurately determine the modes and frequency of repair and preventive influences and can be widely used in on-board vehicle control systems. Using the device will reduce the likelihood of the vehicle leaving the route (line) due to technical malfunctions.

Claims (2)

The invention relates to devices for testing transport facilities, in particular, to devices for controlling technical condition of automobiles. It is known a device for monitoring the technical condition of a car, co-located with sensors installed at the respective vehicle nodes, a summation unit connected to the indicator, voltage dividers, whose inputs are connected to the corresponding sensors, and outputs. -. to the summation block G1. However, in this device, the technical condition of the car is estimated by the total value of the voltage determined by the weights of the parameters, and for this reason the control accuracy is relatively low, since it does not take into account changes in the absolute values of the parameters that can go beyond the tolerance and go unnoticed account overlap them with other parameters. The closest to the invention to the technical essence is a device for monitoring the technical condition of a car, which contains sensors, installed appropriate vehicle nodes, a summation unit connected to the indicator, voltage detvdvii, comparison of actual vehicle parameters with given settings and threshold blocks TsJ. However, this device is also not sufficiently accurate enough to adequately monitor the technical condition of the auxiliary truck. Suppose that the i -th controlled parameter is 1 J ®i - the limiting value of the i -th parameter; Se is infinitely small. 3rd In this case, the inikator does not mark limiting companions, since the corresponding threshold block does not work yet, and in the adder the value of the h -th parameter is overlapped by other parameters. When the i-th increment parameter Ss is received, i.e. it reaches the limit value, which, due to the theoretically infinite smallness of Ss, can occur almost instantly, the indicator will mark the instantaneous occurrence of a car’s malfunctioning condition. A vehicle's state device records its instantaneous (discrete) change. This inaccurate display of the actual change in the technical condition of a car significantly reduces the value of the information obtained and the transportation process planned on its basis may not be executed due to the failure of cars that had S-Ss values and were released to the line at the time of the test. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the device and the accuracy of monitoring the technical condition of the car. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device containing the sensors installed on the respective vehicle nodes, the adder, the output of which is connected to the indicator, and comparison units, are introduced adjustable voltage dividers made on the nonlinear element, the inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding sensor and a comparison unit, an output to one of the inputs of the adder, and the input of each block is compared to the output of the corresponding sensor. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - a variable voltage divider circuit is possible with a non-linear variation of the transmission coefficient. The device for monitoring the technical condition of the automobile contains sensors 2, which are installed at the vehicle assemblies, having parameters connected by their outputs with adjustable deligel 3 voltages. The outputs of the adjustable voltage dividers 3 are connected to the adder 4, which is connected to the indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car. The outputs of the sensors 2. are additionally connected to the input of blocks 6 j /) of the comparison, the outputs of which are connected to the adjusting inputs i, 4 and 7 of the adjustable voltage dividers 3. Adjustable divider 3, the voltage contains two transistors 8 and 9 connected in series with the common emitter with collector resistors 10 and 11. The input from the voltage divider 12 comes from the corresponding sensor 2, the regulating input 7 is connected to the output of the comparison unit 6 . The output 13 of the adjustable divider 3 voltage is connected to the adder 4. The device operates as follows. The sensors 2 generate electrical voltages, the magnitude of which is determined by the parameters of the corresponding vehicle components. As long as these values correspond to the nominal, i.e., the settings of the comparison blocks b, the signals at the outputs of the comparison blocks 6 are equal to zero, the transistors of the 8 voltage dividers are locked, the transistors 9 are unlocked. As a result, at the inputs of adders 4 all signals are equal to zero, the indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car indicates the best technical condition of the car. When changing the parameters of nodes 1 car sensors generate the appropriate electrical signals. These signals are fed to the inputs of 12 voltage dividers 3. At the same time, the absolute values of the parameters are compared with the nominal values set on the blocks. If any, for example i .JT o parameter deviates from the nominal value of the signal from the output corresponding to the i -th comparison unit 6, the transistor 8 corresponds to the corresponding 1 Of that adjustable divider 3, the voltage starts to open, and transistor 9 is locked. The transmission coefficient K of the corresponding i th voltage divider 3 is then equal to / f +. Ki "ex Rg R is the resistance of the resistor 11 of the i -th voltage divider 3; R e is the equivalent resistance of the transistor 9; - sampling resistance of the adder 4 according to the corresponding -i -current input. At the output of the i -th of this adjustable voltage divider 3, a signal appears indicating a change in the A -th parameter of the corresponding vehicle node. This signal, due to the nonlinear dependence on the signal —on: input 7 increases to a greater degree, the closer the parameter value is to the maximum allowable. When they are equal, the transistor 9 is completely locked up Ra Jj and the expression (1) takes the form. As the parameter of a node of the car decays, the electrical signal at the output of one of the comparison units 6 increases. A corresponding adjustable non-linear element, such as a transistor 9, increases its resistance by increasing the transmission coefficient of the voltage divider 3. Due to the nonlinearity of the controlled element, as the signal at the output of the comparison unit 6 approaches the threshold value of the transistor 8, the degree of increase in the transmission coefficient of the corresponding voltage divider 3 increases. The voltage at its output effectively increases, which leads to a corresponding significant increase in the readings of the indicator 5 of the technical condition of the car. Thus, as the parameter of a car node approaches its limit value, indicator 5 will immediately react to this change by a signal from the corresponding regulated voltage divider 3, and the more closely the meter will reach the limit value. The voltage at the output regulated by this becomes the voltage at the maximum, for example, when it reaches 8x (which technically can always be achieved), it is equal to the output voltage of the corresponding sensor. From the output of the adjustable divider 3, y, the voltage signal, functionally dependent on the influence of each parameter on the technical condition of the car and on the degree of approaching this parameter to its maximum permissible value, goes to the adder 4, from the output of which the voltage is normalized indicator 5 technical condition of the car. Introduction to healers. Voltage of adjustable non-linear elements, such as transistors, significantly improves the accuracy of control of the technical condition of the car. The choice of the resistance values or some of them in the expression (1) is provided by. The weight summation of the signals t of the sensors, functionally dependent on the influence of each parameter on the technical condition of the car, is eliminated, and the possibility of overlapping some parameters with a lower weight than others is excluded. Indeed, let the weight of the th parameter be 10 times higher than the weight of the j th ev-i «-, -. “EV4 parameters and 4 transfer coefficients J corresponding to adjustable voltage dividers. For example, for H, –20fij, we have ai Rgi R H-aoR. okay- and i.e. with small and equal deviations of the ith and j parameters from the nominal value, the ratio, consequently, the summation of the signals of the 1st and jth parameters is determined in accordance with their weights. However, as any of these parameters approaches the limiting value, the transistors of 9 i -th and j-th amplifiers, for example, are locked. Rji and “e rapidly in asgat, and k, i.e., their weights sr, which is not aoaBonster, they are equal to the parameter being overlapped by others. The proposed device adequately reflects the technical condition of the autobags, allows us to trace its changes over time, which is especially important. and planning the transportation process, as it allows to predict 762 the most recent changes in the state of the car, also allows you to more accurately determine the modes and periodicity of repair and preventive actions, and can be widely used in the vehicle control system. The use of the device will reduce the likelihood of a car going off the route (line) due to technical malfunctions. Formula of the Invention A device for monitoring the technical condition of a car, containing sensors installed on the respective vehicle nodes, comparison units, an adder, whose output is connected to indicator 8 that, in order to simplify the device and improve the control accuracy, adjustable voltage dividers made on a nonlinear element are introduced into it, the inputs of each of which are connected to the outputs of the respective sensor and comparison unit, the output to one of the inputs of the adder, and the input of each comparison unit is connected to the output of the corresponding sensor. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 37О194, cl. Q 07 C 3/10, 1970. 2. USSR author's certificate N9 504218, cl. Q 07 C 5/10, 1974. iw / J I Fi2.2.