SU817543A1 - Method of water saturation of porous materials - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF WATER SUPPLY OF POROUS MATERIALS

The invention relates to instrumentation technology and can be used to determine the maximum moisture content of non-destructive porous materials used in the ceramic, building and other industries. When a porous body is immersed in a liquid, its pores are gradually filled with water. However, due to the variety of sizes and pore configurations that cause different rates of water movement through complex pores, air bubbles are trapped in the volume of the porous body and some completely undefined part of the pore space is not filled with water. The known method of water absorption of porous materials by boiling them is 111. However, during boiling, part of the air bubbles are filled with water, but still a significant part of them remain. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a method for the rapid determination of the water absorption of ceramic materials in which water saturation is produced in boiling water followed by vacuuming by cooling water in a closed volume 2. However, this method creates the prerequisites for complete air removal. Vacuuming reduces the solubility of air in water, therefore, in this scheme, a vacuum does not contribute to an increase in water saturation. Above the water evaporation mirror, no water vapor will be present. at. pure form, but necessarily steam-air mixture. During the cooling period, the water will absorb air partially from the sample, and partly from the vapor-air mixture, which excludes the possibility of complete removal of air from the sample. In addition, for its implementation requires a special complex apparatus, providing tightness at the cooling stage. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of water saturation by ensuring that trapped air is completely removed from the material of the material and that the entire pore space is completely filled with water while simplifying the apparatus.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the water absorption of the sample is performed by boiling followed by cooling, wherein the sample is boiled in a volume of water not less than five times the sample volume, and when cooled, isolates the evaporation surface with an air-tight material.

The evaporation surface is isolated by placing a melting material in the water at the end of boiling with a specific gravity not exceeding the specific weight of iodine.

The minimum fivefold volume of water was chosen for reasons of dissolving the entire air of the sample in water. During the boiling process, a part of the air bubbles in the material is destroyed and filled with boiled water. Water deaeration occurs at the same time, since the solubility of air in water is zero at.

After boiling the sample for 1-2 h, the heat supply is turned off, and paraffin pieces are immersed in water (melting point 30.3 s). Paraffin melts and covers deaerated water with a dense airtight layer. Samples are left in the vessel for slow cooling for 16-18 hours. The solubility of air in the cooling water rises continuously and reaches 18 cm per liter at.

Ukhta ceramsite

2.65 gravel

Cherepovets keramzi. The proposed method makes it possible to obtain information about the limiting water absorption (capacity) of porous bodies in 2–3 cycles (2–3 days). The method is recommended to be used in studies of open and closed porosity, moisture capacity, bone frost resistance, etc. Effects associated with extreme water saturation for materials whose boiling in water does not cause disturbance of their structure (ceramics, natural stone materials, concrete aggregates, and other materials). The application of the proposed method allows to deepen the knowledge of structures, tours of porous bodies and to reveal new

Since water is isolated from outside air, it can only get air by sucking the pinned air from the samples, which ensures complete removal of air bubbles with filling the entire pore space with water.

After cooling, the paraffin is broken open, the samples are removed from the water, weighed and re-saturated in the same way and until the next saturation increases the weight of the samples.

Example. Selected samples after drying, weighing and measuring the volume are heated and boiled in water for 1 hour, and then the heater is turned off and a white tin float is lowered onto the water mirror, which can be freely vertically. move with a minimum clearance at the walls (about 1 mm), the system is left for natural cooling for 1618 hours. Then boiling is repeated five more times. The test results show that the water absorption of expanded clay gravel stabilized over two cycles of boiling, and of a shungizite gravel over three cycles.

The test results of the express water saturation method are shown in the table.

65.3

100

63.4

109.6

Claims (2)

100 73 48.5 technological methods of structure management. Claim 1. A method of water-saturation of porous materials, consisting in boiling the sample and subsequent cooling, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of water saturation, the sample is boiled in a volume of water not less than five times the sample volume, in case of cooling, they isolate the evaporation surface with an airproof material. 5 8175436 2. The method according to p. 1, about t l and h and u -1. Piskarev V.A. Laboratory ra-, u and with the fact that the surface is used for construction materials the steams are isolated by placing and product, m., Higher School, 1976, into the water at the end of the boiling water -, s, 12.: right of the material with a specific weight, not exceeding the specific weight of water .. 2. USSR author's certificate Sources of information, I 636512, class G 01 N 15/08, 1976 taken into account in the examination (prototype).