SU810922A1 - Device for sinking wells - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and may find application in the sinking of wells using thermal devices.

A device for drilling holes containing a detachable combustion chamber with bellows, manifolds for supplying fuel and an oxidizing agent and an ignition device [1].

It is also known a device for sinking wells containing a detachable combustion chamber with a cooling jacket, manifolds for supplying fuel and an oxidizing agent, an ignition device and a cumulative nozzle [2].

The disadvantages of this device are the formation of a stagnant zone at the closed end of the combustion chamber, intensive mixing of the combustion products with the newly arriving detonation mixture, deterioration of the purge of the combustion chamber, which leads to an increase in the time between ignition cycles and a decrease in the penetration rate.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the penetration rate by reducing the time between ignition cycles.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device containing a detachable combustion chamber with a cooling jacket, the fuel and oxidizer supply manifolds, the ignition device and the cumulative nozzle, the fuel and oxidizer supply manifolds are made with cooling radiators.

The drawing shows a diagram of the described device.

An explosive device for sinking wells contains a detonation combustion chamber 1, a casing 2 for cooling water, manifolds for supplying 3 and outlet 4 for water, fuel 5 and oxidizing agent 6. The collectors 5 and 6 are made with cooling radiators. The pre-knock section is located between the ignition device 15 with the candle 7 and the focus О of the cumulative nozzle 8. The chamber length can be adjusted in accordance with the optimal length of the pre-knock section by telescoping 9 2Q of the walls 10 of the combustion chamber and the bellows 11 connecting the parts of the cooling casing. Working gases are discharged through nozzles 12.

The device operates as follows. The combustion chamber 1 is filled through 25 manifolds 5 and 6 with fuel and an oxidizing agent up to the outlet nozzles 12. The resulting combustible mixture is ignited by a candle 7. The combustion front is accelerated, accumulating shock waves ahead of them, which, pushing one another 30 and reflecting from the far end of the chamber 1 and cumulative nozzles 8 are focused. The length of the combustion chamber 1 is adjusted during operation so that the pre-knock section ends at the focus of the cumulative nozzle 8. In this case, the amplification of shock waves occurs near the outlet openings (nozzles 12). An increase in pressure at the moment of detonation occurs reaches 400–700 times, that is, at an initial pressure in the chamber of 1–1.5 at, the pressure at the moment of detonation will be 400–1000 at. The shock wave and gases, exploding at this pressure from the nozzles, effectively destroy the rock. Along with the pressure, the soil will also be affected by the high temperature of the exhaust gases (up to 4000 ° K). The flow is interrupted due to the fact that after the transition of the deflagration mode to detonation and propagating at a speed of 3-10 ³ m / s, the retonation wave begins to move in the opposite direction, the pressure of which exceeds the pressure in the fuel supply manifolds 5 and oxidizer 6, thereby stopping supply of components of the combustible mixture. Partially, the combustion products fill the collectors 5, 6, where they are intensively cooled by radiators to a temperature below the ignition temperature of the combustible mixture. After the expiration of the combustion products and the pressure drop in the chamber 1, the fuel and oxidant flows displace the cooled combustion products into the chamber, where they form a cork that protects a new portion of the combustible mixture from ignition. After filling the chamber, the process repeats. The frequency of operation is determined and consistent with the fuel and oxidizer consumption and can reach tens of hertz.

The implementation of the chamber with the possibility of changing the length of the pre-detonation section and supplying it with a cumulative nozzle in the form of an obstacle installed across the flow makes it possible to maintain the detonation mode directly at the nozzles and, depending on the physical properties of the rock, generate an energy impulse with specified parameters.

The device allows detonation combustion of fuel in a pulse frequency mode. This mode of operation is ensured by the presence of cooling radiators on the fuel and oxidizer supply manifolds. Part of the combustion products thrown into the collectors after an impulse is cooled in them, preventing self-ignition of the fresh mixture. The maximum frequency of stable operation of the device can be 100 Hz.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for sinking wells containing a detachable combustion chamber with a cooling jacket, fuel and oxidizer supply manifolds, an ignition device and a cumulative nozzle, characterized in that, in order to increase the penetration rate by reducing the time between ignition cycles, the fuel and oxidizer supply manifolds made with cooling radiators.