SU808843A1 - Stereo-photogrammetrical instrument - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to photogrammetry and can be used to compile plans and maps of terrain at various scales, including the largest, from aerial photographs.

Instruments are known for making plans and maps of the area from aerial photographs, such as a stereo projector and a stereograph. They contain projection levers, correction devices, coordinate and base carriages of aerial photographs. Aerial photographs on these instruments are processed with transformed links of the projection rays I.

The stereoprojector is a high-precision photogimetric device, however, it is large and complex.

The stereograph has a relatively small size and is simpler in structure. It contains two correction devices, each of which contains a correction plane, a caliper of focal increments, a projection lever and a cassette for setting pictures.

According to a rigorous design theory, aerial photographs in a stereograph should be set at an angle of inclination, and the correction planes should be centered.

In order to simplify the construction in the device, deviations from the strict theory were allowed: the images were mounted horizontally, and the correction planes have no decentration. These simplifications allow aerial photographs with angles of inclination to not more than 2 to be processed with proper accuracy.

The closest technical solution is the well-known universal stereophotogrammetric instrument containing projecting levers, correction devices, coordinate and base carriages and horizontal carriages of aerial photographs, as well as two carriages and two projecting levers, each of which is fixed by means of a hinge on the base of the device and connected one biaxial sliding hinge with a caliper focal devices, and the other with an additional; retkoy. This carriage is set to

Claims (1)

5 The frame of the device is movable along the axes X and Y and is connected by means of a biaxial sliding hinge with the main projection lever. This device can be used to create aerial photographs with any focus distance and any angles of inclination of the planned survey with horizontal arrangement of the pictures without de-centration of the correction plane 12. However, this instrument is more complex than the stereograph, since two carriages, two projecting levers, , two devices for de-centering cardans. The presence of a large number of related parts may lead to an increase in the error in the operation of the device. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the device and improve the accuracy of the instrument. The goal is achieved by the fact that each projection lever is connected with its carriage installed on the slide support of focal increments with the help of a biaxial sliding hinge on the axes X and Y by means of a pivotally guiding rod attached to it mounted on the carriage longitudinal and transverse angles relative to the Z axis of the device. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the instrument (the mechanism associated with one of the pictures is shown); in fig. Figure 2 shows the kinematic diagram of the instrument (the mechanism associated with one of the images is shown). The device contains a coordinate carriage 1, made with the possibility of movement along the axes X and Y on the base of the device, a base carriage 2, fixed on the coordinate carriage with the possibility of movement along the axis Z (Fig. 2). The base carriage is connected by a biaxial hinge 3 with a projection lever 4, which can rotate around a biaxial sliding hinge s, which is the center of projection and attached to the base of the device (Fig. 1 and 2 Lever 4 is biased with a biaxial sliding hinge 5 to the carriage 6, mounted on the support 7 of focal increments with the possibility of displacement along the axes X and Y by means of a guide rod 8 connected with a biaxial sliding hinge 9 with the carriage 6. The upper end of the guide rod with the help of in the axial sliding hinge 10, it is fastened to the guide 11 of the Focal increment caliper fixed on the carriage 12. Pictures The lower end of the guide rod is connected with the biaxial hinge 13 from the snapshot carriage. This hinge can move along axes X and Y on the carriage pictures on small values of D, (. The stem 14 of the focal increment caliper rests with its spherical end on the correctional plane 15 tilted at angles o ((The device works as follows When the coordinate carriage 1 moves along the X and Y axes and The second carriage 2 along the Z axis of the device around the hinge s is rotated with the carriage 2 by means of the hinge 3 lever 4, and with the help of the hinge 5 will move the carriage 12 shots along the X and U axis. In this case, the rod 14, with its spherical end along the inclined correction plane, will move the caliper of the focal increments along the height, and with it the carriage 6 with the hinges 5 and 9. The hinge 9, the slippers along the inclined guide rod 8, will additionally move the carriage of pictures to a small magnitude. In the same way, the movement and correction of the second picture occurs. The points of the pictures are stereoscopically observed using a fixed observation system. FIG. 1 and 2 shows the plumb beam of this system. With the orientation of the pictures, it is necessary to move the hinge 13 by the values A kx and DKU, the image on Dx and Li, the correction plane should be tilted by ly (a and i). In FIG. Figure 1 shows the positions of the elements of the correction mechanism when designing points aj, c and p. Of a picture when setting the required values of D, lk. If the projecting arm is located along the line S, the center of the hinge 5 will be at the point t, i.e. it will go down with the carriage b and the hinge 9 by the value D F, the projection lever 4 will take a parallel position with the lever 8, the rod 14 will be at the point O and the point of zero positions of the image will be on the sighting beam. When the projection lever is rotated to the plumb position, the hinges 5 and 9 with the carriage b when moving the stem 14 along the inclined correction plane move the image carriage by the value Dj, the center of the hinge 5 will appear at point I1 and the nadir of the image will appear on the sighting beam. Invention Stereo-photogrammetric device containing a coordinate carriage mounted for movement along the X and Y axes on the base of the device, a base carriage fixed on the coordinate carriage with a possibility of moving along the Z axis, two projecting arms pivotally connected to the base carriage, others the ends of which are connected to the frame by means of a biaxial sliding hinge, two carriages of pictures mounted for movement along the X and Y axes on the frame of the device, each of which vom caliper focus