SU792390A1 - Discharger - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to pulsed coaxial high-current discharge devices with arc movement under the action of a magnetic field of discharge current, used, for example, as a switch of storage energy to a load in current pulse generators of electro-hydraulic installations of various purposes.

. Coaxial arresters are known, the electrodes of which are two isolated cylinders arranged coaxially in each other. 1.

The disadvantage of such a discharge is the deterioration of the stability of operation with an increase in the discharge frequency, the reason for which is the limited volume for the propagation of plasma plumes, i.e. unsatisfactory conditions for restoring the electrical strength of the discharge gap. In addition, the ability to increase durability by reducing electrode wear is limited.

The closest of the known technical solutions to the invention is a discharge containing two coaxially arranged electrodes.

the inner of which is exquisite in vie de helix

in this discharge, the erosion of the electrodes is reduced due to the rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field.

The disadvantage of this discharge is the instability of operation at high frequencies of following bits with a shift of the response threshold.

10 in the direction of decreasing breakdown eg keny.

The reason for this is the lack of conditions for restoring the electrical strength of the discharge gap, since the electrode system of this discharge is the pre-condition for the propagation of plasma plumes and the thermogasdynamic expansion of ionized gas after discharge, which slows down the process of restoring the electrical strength of the discharge gap . The aim of the invention is to increase the frequency of operation of the bit.

This is achieved by the fact that in a discharge containing two coaxially arranged electrodes, the internal

30 of which are made in the form of a spiral.

external electrode is made in the form of a spiral.

The figure shows a schematic of the proposed order.

It consists of an external electrode 1 and an internal electrode 2. The electrodes are made in the form of spiritsha, for example, cylindrical. The arrester is connected to the discharge circuit 3. The pitch of the helix of the inner electrode must be equal to the pitch of the helix of the outer electrode. The value of the diameters of the spiral should be subject to the following dependence

d ,,

where d is the diameter of the spiral of the internal electrode d ,, is the diameter of the spiral of the external

electrode;

S is the length of the discharge gap which can be adjusted by moving in the axial direction of one of the electrodes. When voltage is applied to the discharge, the interelectrode gap between the turns of the spirals is punched. A current flows through the electrodes, the direction of which is shown by arrows in the drawing. If a current flows in one of the electrodes on one electrode, then on another electrode - in the return. Created by this current. the magnetic fields are partially compensated, so the total inductance of the arrester will be quite small.

The ntm of a certain amplitude and current duration, the magnitude of the electrodynamic forces due to the magnitude of the magnetic field of the discharge current will be sufficient to move the arc along the electrodes, resulting in a low erosion of electrons and a high service life.

Since the distance between the working surfaces of the electrodes is the same, the occurrence of a discharge in any place of the electrode system is equilibrium, so the breakdown from discharge to discharge will occur in different places, which reduces the rate of electrodes. Thus, by increasing the length of the helix, an increase in the working life of the arrester is achieved.

During discharge, plasma torches fly apart from both electrodes, and the discharge gap is ejected by the eroded electrode erosion products. In the proposed design for the distribution of plasma torches

The discharge barrier is only a part of the electrode system directly involved in the discharge. Thus, in comparison with the prototype, better conditions are provided for distributing plasma torches, which reduces the concentration of ionized particles after the end of the discharge, and also improves the conditions for cooling the discharge gap by gas convection. As a result, the electrical strength of the discharge gap is rapidly restored, which contributes to an increase in the stability of the discharge breakdown voltage at an increased discharge frequency. Making the electrodes hollow allows the liquid cooling of both the w of the electrodes and their environment to be applied, and this also helps to restore the electrical strength of the gap and, consequently, increase the stability of the discharge cell.

Good stability of the discharge operation when operating at high frequency is achieved by the fact that the design provides conditions for the rapid restoration of the electrical strength of the discharge gap after the end of the discharge.

One of the possible variants of the design of such a discharge can be a structure in which the electrodes are made in the form of cylindrical alloys. Angshoic results can be achieved if the electrodes are made in the form of conical spirals or if the internal electrode is made in the form of a cylindrical rod (tube), and the external one - in the form of a cylindrical spiral.

Claims (2)

1. The patent of Germany 1280384, cl. 21 C 72, 1968. 2. Authors certificate of USSR I 182242, cl. H 01 I 17/64, 1965.