SU791886A1 - Rotary drilling bit bearing assembly - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to the field of drilling equipment and can be used for drilling large diameter wells in the construction of deep foundations and the construction of column supports of bridges.

Known installation CO-2, made in the form of mounted drilling equipment and is designed for rotary drilling of wells, multi-auger auger drill with a vane bit CiJ

The disadvantage of these plants is the low capacity of the plant for the development of soils of various strengths. Another plant is known, which allows to carry out work on drilling wells in a variety of ground conditions.

The drilling machine includes a frame, a hydraulic drive consisting of clamping xmmuth and mechanisms of oscillating and longitudinal movements, the casing and the C2T grader. The disadvantage of this drilling machine is low-power equipment for the development of soils. Encountering hard clay and gravel grounds, especially with the inclusion of cobblestones, permafrost and rocky soils, machine tools lose their effectiveness and productivity. The insufficient power of the drilling devices also does not allow

5 to increase the diameter of the wells.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the development of soils, to ensure the possibility of developing heavy soils, as well as increasing the diameter of the wells being developed.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the drilling machine, which includes a stand, a hydraulic zone consisting of a clamping yoke and swinging and longitudinal movement mechanisms, a casing pipe with a ground-attracting mechanism located in it, is equipped with a drill string with a removable working body at the end and a swinging conversion mechanism rotational movement, which is located between the clamping collar and the drill string, while the casing has protrusions for periodically engaging with

25 working body. ;

In addition to the drilling of inclined wells, a clamp collar is hinged to the swinging and 30 longitudinal movements.

Involving directly into the development of a powerful hydraulic actuator will contribute to the achievement of this goal. - Kpcwe additionally, using a hydraulic drive not only to submerge and remove the casing, but also to develop the soil will increase its own efficiency.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the drilling machine proposed for drilling squigkin diameter up to 3 m and a depth of several tens of meters. The general view of FIG. 2 - development of the soil and its extraction from the well by a grab is shown; in fig. 3 - lifting the working body from the bottom and hooking it with the casing for subsequent immersion of the casing; in fig. 4 - casing immersion; in fig. 5 - detachment of the working body from the casing and landing it on the bottom; in fig. 6-11 shows a hydraulic drive and a mechanism for converting a swinging motion into a rotational simplest type, with FIG. 6 is a view of the facade in the development of vertical wells} on the same 7, inclined wells; in fig. 8 and 9 is a top view of the interaction of the ratchet wheel with the right (relative to the drilling machine) dog. Leva, the dog from work is turned off; in fig. 8 — when the swinging cylinder is moving to the left and turning the clamping collar and drill string clockwise; in fig. 9 when the swinging hydraulic cylinder moves to the right, the clamping is turned counterclockwise and the drill column is stationary. FIG. 10 is a node And on Fig; in fig. 11 - node B in FIG. 9.

The drilling machine consists of a bed 1, a running gear 2, a power plant, hydraulic pumps and systems, a mast 3, front and rear hydraulic supports 4 and 5, respectively (outrigger), a grapple 6 with a grapple winch, other necessary mechanisms for extracting soil, a hydraulic drive 7, consisting in turn of the clamping collar 8, the swinging mechanism 9 (rotationally alternating in opposite directions) of movement, and the mechanism 10 of the longitudinal crushing or extracting movement.

The clamping collar 8 is made drop-down. The swinging mechanism 9 consists of a movable hydraulic cylinder 11 moving along a rod 12 and a fork 13 pivotally attached to a clamping yoke and connected to the hydraulic cylinder 11 by means of a compensator hinge 14, which allows the fork to extend and rotate. Mechanism 10 longitudinal

movement is filled in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, hinged to the frame 1 and the clamping clamp 8.

The drillstring floor 15 has a grabber 16 and extends along the well penetration section of 4-6 m in length. Replaceable working bodies 17 are attached to the lower end of the drill string (cutters, drills, rippers, expanders).

Between the clamping collar 8 and the drill string 15, a mechanism 18 for converting a swinging motion into a rotary motion is embedded, the main components of which are the ratchet wheel 19 and the pawl 20.

The walls of the borehole are fastened by the casing 21, which is extended as it is lowered by links of 2-4 meters in length. The junction of 22 links is arranged on bolts or welding.

The working bodies and the knife part of the casing are equipped with reciprocating grips 23 for transmitting the oscillating and longitudinal crushing or extracting forces from the working body to the casing.

It is also possible to fix the walls of the borehole with the aid of a clay solution or an overpressure of water.

The drill machine is mounted on the movable stand 24 and is attached by the front hydraulic supports 4 to the rotatable supporting arms 25. The stand is equipped with a guide frame 26 and outriggers 27.

The development of the soil and the immersion of the casing is carried out by joint actions of the longitudinal and oscillating forces transmitted from the clamping collar 8 of the hydraulic drive to the drill string 15. When developing the soil, the oscillating movement, if necessary, is transformed into a rotary one through the conversion mechanism 18.

Replaceable tools 17 (milling cutters, drills, rippers, expander) are assigned depending on the type and strength of the penetrated soils and can be replaced along the way.

Extraction of the developed soil is carried out, as a rule, by a grab 6 through the internal cavity of the drill string. It is possible to use other soil-extracting equipment (for example, airlifts or pumps in the case of water in the well).

The working cycle consists of the following operations:

excavation and extraction of it from the well (see Fig. 2);

lifting the tool from the bottom and hooking it to the casing (see Fig. 3) J

casing immersion (see. Fig.

detaching the working body from the casing and landing it on the bottom (see Fig. 5).

In a single working cycle, the wells are developed to a depth of from 20 to 50 s, depending on both the characteristics of the passable soil and the design of the working body and hydraulic drive.

In the case of weak soils, the immersion of the casing may precede the development and extraction of the soil or be carried out simultaneously.

In order to supply the next link of the casing when it is being expanded, the hydraulic clamping clamp opens and the machine pulls back the drill and the arms 25 of the stand 24 rotate parallel to the longitudinal axis of the stand.

Equipping a drilling machine with a special device, transmitting large torsional and crushing forces from a hydraulic drive directly to the bottom of a well, allows a considerable increase in their productivity, makes it possible to develop heavy soils, including permafrost, allows 2-3 times increase the diameter of the well. All this taken together can give a great technical and economic effect when building powerful foundations for a deep foundation in industrial civil engineering, especially in the construction of bridges.

Thus, preliminary design studies have shown the possibility of creating single-column supports and columnar foundations for supports of bridges with considerable span.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for drilling, including a frame, a hydraulic actuator consisting of a clamping yoke and swinging and longitudinal movement mechanisms, a casing with a ground-attracting mechanism located in it, in order to increase the development efficiency ground and an increase in the diameter of the wells being developed, it is equipped with a drill string with a removable tool at the end and a mechanism for converting the swinging movement into a rotating shaft that is located between the clamping clamp and the drill string, and the casing has protrusions for periodic engagement with the tool. . 2. A drill machine according to claim 1, wherein the clamping yoke is pivotally attached to the swing and longitudinal mechanisms to drill inclined wells. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Skvortsov V.F. Installation SO-2 for the device of bored piles. Construction and road machines,  12,1976, p. 5-6. 2. Ganichev I. A. and others. Production of drilling in construction. M., Publishing house of literature on construction, 1966, p. 98, fig. 74. th (Reg. FO CPut. AND