SU791649A1 - Device for automatic control of precipitate discharge from canalization settlers - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical wastewater treatment and can be used to automatically regulate the release of sludge from sewage tanks. A device for automatically controlling the release of sludge from primary sewage tanks is known, which contains a software controller and, connected to it, electric drives of the farm rotation mechanism, the actuator on the sludge discharge line and the sludge pump 1. The disadvantage of the known device is its limited functionality, so since it cannot react to changes in the load on suspended substances, the sludge unloading does not depend on its accumulation and is carried out strictly for this th time program: after a predetermined pause time has elapsed, the program 1.jy regulator turns on the electric rotary mechanism; after two revolutions (the erma opens the discharge mechanism on the discharge line; Sludge and starts the sludge pumping pump; at the same time, the actuator closes on the sludge discharge line and turns off the electric drive of the truss rotation mechanism; the next cycle pause time begins. The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for automatically controlling the release of sludge from sewage tanks, including a sludge level sensor connected via a measuring unit and a follower controller input with a slug-down actuator for moving the sludge level sensor, sludge pumping pump, an actuator on the discharge line of the sludge and an electric drive of the mechanism for equating the farm of the settler 2. The disadvantage of the known device: is that for it does not provide a reliable, operation control system for the automation of primary sewage lagoons. The purpose of the invention is to enhance the functional capabilities of the device by increasing the reliability of its operation. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with an adjustable sensor, a software controller, a multi-turn actuator position sensor, which is median with the inputs of the tracking controller, a program controller, and an output controller associated with the software controller. The torus is connected with 1) a sludge pumping pump, an executing mechanism on the sludge discharge line, an electric drive mechanism for the sedimentation tank farm and a tracking tank. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic device. regulating the discharge of sludge from the sewage tank in FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for automatically controlling the release of sludge from a group of sewers. A device for automatic control of sludge discharge from a sewage sump (see Fig. 1) contains a radial sump 1, with a rotating farm 2 which is attached to the scraper 3, raking the sludge into a central receiver 4. A sludge discharge line is connected to the central receiver 4 5 with an executive mechanism 6 and a pump 7 for pumping sediment, between which there is a receiving chamber 8. On the rotating farm 2 there is an electric actuator 9 for the sump truss rotation mechanism and a multi-turn actuator 10 at the output in The pulley 11 and the position sensor 12 are secured to the alu. The cable 13 is fixed on the pulley 11, on the second end of which is a draft level sensor 14 suspended, connected to the input of the measuring unit 15. The output of the measuring unit 15 is connected to the first input of the next regulator 16, the second input which is connected to the output of the program regulator 17, the third input is connected to the first output of the position sensor 12 of the multi-turn actuator 10, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the program controller 17 and the multi-turn actuator 10. The outputs of the program many regulators 17 are connected to the electric drives of the actuator b, pump 7 pumping sediment and electric drive 9 of the truss rotation mechanism, as well as the recorder of the draft level 18. The second output of position sensor 12 is connected to the input of the program regulator 17 directly through the third output adjustable time setting device 19. A device for automatic control of sludge discharge from a group of primary sewage tanks (see FIG. 2) contains a synchronization unit 20 through which closed connections of software controllers 17 (each of the radial clarifiers from the group) with a common pump 7 sludge pumping and individual actuators 6 on the sludge discharge lines 5, as well as with a general sludge level recorder 18. The remaining symbols in FIG. 2 are similar to those of FIG. 1. The device (see Fig.1) works as follows. During the clarification of sewage in the primary sewage tanks, suspended sediments form on the latter but they form a sludge. The depth of the sediment layer at the bottom of the sump is not the same. With a small hydraulic load, most of the suspended matter settles near the central receiver 4. As the hydraulic load increases, the zone of primary deposition of suspended solids moves to the side of the sump. During periodic or continuous rotation of the farm 2, the raw residue is scraped by scrapers of the scraper 3 to the central receiver 4 and removed from it along the discharge line, sludge 5 by means of an actuator 6 and pump 7. Depending on the technological mode of further processing of the sludge received a clean-up stationary station may require the following operating modes of the device: periodic removal of sediment and periodic rotation of the settling tank; intermittent sludge removal and continuous rotation of the settling tank; continuous sludge removal and continuous rotation of the settling tank. Periodic removal of sediment can be carried out both by a signal from external devices (for example, the methane tank loading control system), and, independently of them, by the level of sediment in the sump. The following describes the operation of the device for periodic removal of sediment on the level of it in the sump and periodically ratscheniya farm. In this mode of operation, the device performs repeated cycles of measuring the level of sludge and unloading it when it reaches the specified maximum level. At the beginning of each cycle, the program controller 17 turns on the electric drive 9 of the mechanism for the rotation of the settler truss. 2-3 minutes after the scrapers of the scrapers 3 process the entire surface of the bottom of the radial sump 1, the program regulator 17 gives a signal to the second input of the follower regulator 16. With a single console silt, the processing time of the bottom surface is equal to the time of one revolution of the truss, dual console - farm half-turn time, etc. The follower controller 16 includes the measuring unit 15 and the photodotchik 14

draft level. Then he disarms the engine of the multi-turn actuator 10 and switches it on to lower the photo sensor of the 14 draft level. When the photo sensor 14 of the draft level is lowered to a depth of 1.5-2 m, the signal from the first output of the position sensor 12 is supplied to the third input of the following regulator 16.

If the signal is dirty at the output of the Measuring Unit 15, the measurement is stopped, the motor of the multi-turn actuator :) of the mechanism 10 is reversed to the upward rise of the 14 level sensor of the sediment, and the signal of the lattice level is sent to the control room. The electric motor of the multi-turn actuator 10 is braked when the photosensor of the draft 14 level is raised in the upper layer of clarified water (according to the signal from the Glaze 12 sensor). The measurement unit 15 and the photocell 14 of the draft level are switched off in this case.

After the signal at the output of the measuring unit 15, the signal is turned on cleanly, the photosensor 14 of the draft level continues to descend. As soon as the photo sensor 14 of the Oscg level 14 enters the top layer of the raw sludge, at the output of the measuring unit 15, a signal appears that goes through the next control 9R 16 and delays the motor of the multi-turn actuator 10. The rotation of the truss 2 of the settler and its silt scraper 3 continues.

If the current at the output of the measuring blush 15 turns on the signal, the pure photocell 14 of the sediment level is again lowered down to the layer of raw sediment and re-loaded for 2-3 minutes, etc. As soon as the photo sensor of the sediment 14 enters the stationary layer of the wet sediment (i.e. the signal at the output of the measuring unit 15 does not change for 2-3 minutes), then the regulator 16 signals this to the program regulator 17 and reverses the motor a boring actuator 10, which raises the photosensor 14 of the sediment level into the upper layer of clarified water. The cycle of measuring the level of raw sediment is triggered.

The long-term mode of operation of the device depends on the value of the measured level of raw sludge. The ecnif sediment level of the maximum preset, the program regulator 17 stops the electric drive 9 of the mechanism of rotation of the settler farm and turns on the pause time relay between adjacent cycles of measuring the level of raw oil. One of the features of the device is that the duration of the pause between cycles of measuring the level of raw

draft is inversely proportional to its level in the previous measurement. Thus, the higher the level of raw sludge in the sump, the smaller it is measured.

For this purpose, software regulator 17 is equipped with an adjustable time setting device 19, the input of which is connected to the third output of the position sensor 12. The setting of the adjustable time sensor 19 changes when the photosensor reaches 14 the sediment level of the stationary layer of raw sludge.

After the end of the pause, a new cycle of measuring the level of raw sludge begins (with the activation of the electric drive 9 of the mechanism for the rotation of the settling tank). The cycles of measuring the level of the sediment (and the pauses between them) are repeated until the level of the sediment in the sump exceeds the maximum 3d1. In this case, the software controller 17 opens the actuator 6 and turns on the electric motor of the pump 7 for pumping sediment. During the removal of the raw sludge, the settler farm 2 rotates, at the same time the presence of sludge in the receiving chamber 8 is monitored.

Depending on the properties of the raw sludge of a particular cleaning station, the device regulates the duration of pump 7 operation either according to the time progrmMme or the level of the sludge. In the first mode, the setpoint of the operating time of the pump 7 is corrected with the help of an adjustable time sensor 19, depending on the level of sediment before its release. When working in the second mode, the device periodically measures the level of sediment in the process of its removal. When the minimum permissible level of sediment is reached, the pump 7 motor turns off and the actuator 6 closes.

: The operation of a sludge level meter during sludge removal is basically similar to its operation with sludge accumulation. The differences are as follows:

the sump farm rotates continuously, the time delay for leveling the layer in the sediment and raking it into the central receiver is not given;

The occurrence of a malfunction of the level sensor during the removal of raw sludge, the software controller automatically switches to time control mode;

the time lag in determining the stationarity of the measured ocajjKa level is reduced to 30-60 s;

the relationship between sludge level and the pause between adjacent level measurement cycles is directly proportional to

In both; raw sludge discharge mode, intermittent operation of pump 7 with specified intervals MeHKUNtH between cycles is possible (to eliminate the funnel of a colored sludge1 (and at the point of connection of the discharge pipeline by means of a rake and additional compaction of SOPHOE sludge) to the initial state / the new cycle begins.

The magnitude of the draft is recorded by means of the recorder 18 / whose input is connected to the second output of the position sensor 12 via a software controller 17. Similarly, it allows you to record the level of raw, sediment or c. alternating peaks repeating real displacements of the photosensor 14 of the draft level, or in the form of a stepwise curve, the height of the step of which corresponds to the level of the sediment during the previous J run. In the second recording mode and the time program of operation of the pump 7, the arrow of the recorder 18 of the draft level is fixed by the program regulator 17 in the left end of the scale for the entire time of discharge of the sediment. Then the arrow moves to the right by 5-10% of the scale length at the time of sediment discharge. Then the stirrer moves to the right by 5-10% of the scale length and remains in this position until the first measurement of the draft level in the new cycle.

Due to the fact that. The photo sensor of the sediment level is almost always in relatively clean clarified water (90-95% of the operating time), and also due to its self-cleaning during the movement of the truss, the device is operated for a long time without performing routine maintenance. In particularly severe cases where the adhesion properties of the sediment are high, the device is supplemented with a tank suspended from rotating farm 2 under pulley 11 and immersed 3/4 in clarified water. A weak acid or surfactant solution is poured into the tank. When lifting; Sediment level sensor 14 to the upper position, it emerges from the clarified water and along the guides enters the tank, where it is cleaned. Before starting to measure the sediment level, the photosensor of the sediment level 14 is lifted and withdrawn from the tank and then lowered into the sump. The remaining operations are similar to those described above.

If, according to the requirements of the technology, the device should operate with continuous rotation of the farm and periodic removal of sediment, then the above cycle of measuring the level of sediment eliminates the operation of switching on and off the electric drive 9 of the farm rotation mechanism, the time delay for processing the entire bottom surface of the settler by means of the scraper and changing adjustable set point adjustment

time 19. The device works ana- logically at. regulation of vertical and horizontal settlers.

With the continuous rotation of the farm. and the continuous removal of sediment, the changes described above are also made to the program of operation of the device. In addition, the sludge removal program is completely changed. In this mode, the pump 7 pumping sediment operates continuously and has only a blockage on the level of sediment in the receiving chamber 8. The actuator b on the discharge line of the sediment is constantly opened and during the process of regulation during each measurement the level of sediment is either opened or closed. The software controller 17 changes the duration of the control pulse sent to the actuator b, depending on the increment of the draft between adjacent measurement cycles. It uses a memory device that records the level of the sediment as a stepped curve.

When the device operates with periodic sediment removal by a command from external control systems, the sludge discharge mode starts regardless of its level after receiving the corresponding signal. If the signal arrives during the time between level measurements, and the sediment is removed according to a time program, then its level is measured before the start of the sediment discharge cycle. At. The completion of sludge discharge at its lower level is not carried out with additional measurement (before the start of the sludge discharge cycle). In all modes, the duration of the release of sediment depends on its amount of pre-release.

A device for automatically controlling the discharge of sludge from the group of primary sewage tanks (see FIG. 2) contains individual control devices for each septic tank operating in the same way as described. With periodic. Removing sludge, software controllers of 17 individual devices add chains prohibiting sludge pumping from more than one settling tank from one sludge pumping operating pump 7 or from more than two settling tanks at two sludge pumping working pumps. Coordination of the discharge of sediment from the settling group is carried out by means of a synchronization unit 10.

The use of the device will make it possible to increase the reliability of its operation and to use the device in especially elephant conditions (for example, in the automation of primary sewage tanks).

Claims (2)

1. A typical project. Radial primary settlers with a diameter of 20 m for sewage treatment plants, M., GUI Tiprokommunvodokanal, 1963 with. eleven. 2. USSR author's certificate in W 2162035 / 29-26, cl. C 02 C 1/06, 11.08.75.