SU784755A3 - Draw plate for glass fiber drawing - Google Patents

Description

; 54) FILLING PLATE FOR EXTRACTING The invention relates to the industrial use of building materials, in particular to equipment for the production of glass fiber. A known spunbond plate for drawing fiberglass, made with channels in cross section in the shape of a circle. However, when the channels are too closely arranged, i.e. when the distance between adjacent channels becomes too small, the cones of molten glass coming out of the channels on the lower side of the nozzle plate and consisting of a mass of molten glass passing through the corresponding channels are interconnected due to the capillary effect and cause a so-called choking which greatly affects the pull of the yarn. Therefore, there is a practical limit to increasing the density of the channels in the spin plate. The prevention of the connection of the cones of molten glass is provided by increasing the glass in the bone when the surface cools with air flow. However, an increase in the viscosity of the molten glass increases the wear of the output sections of the GLASS FIBERS of the channels, as a result of which the size of these output sections increases. Therefore, in a short time, the distance between adjacent channels becomes so small that the cones of the molten glass join again, which reduces the efficiency of the stretching device. The aim of the invention is to prevent the fibers from sticking together. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a spunbond plate for glass fiber extrusion (made with channels in cross section in the shape of a circle, each of the channels is made with a ratio of the diameter on the side of the entrance of the glass to the diameter on the exit side of the glass from 1: 0.4 1: 0.9, and the height of the narrowed section is no more than 3/4 of the height of the die plate. Each of the channels can be made in the form of an inverted truncated cone. Figures 1 and 2 show one of the types of channel execution, respectively start using and after using them for a certain period of time, a section; in Fig. 3, the channels are made in the form of an inverted truncated cone, in section Fig. 1 shows a preferred form of the present invention, in which the channel contains two cylindrical sections of different diameters and parts: the upper bore 1, through which the molten glass enters the channel of the lower bore 2, facing the surrounding air and is intended to discharge molten glass into the atmosphere, and the intermediate part 3, using which The bores 1 and 2 are interconnected. The diameter of the lower boring 2 is smaller than the diameter of the upper boring 1, so the distance between the walls of the lower boring of adjacent channels can be made smaller than in conventional spun-down plates, and there is no need to reduce the distance between the axes of these channels. FIG. 2 shows a channel that has been in use for a significant period of time. Therefore, the lower edge 4 of the lower bore 2 under the influence of abrasion has acquired a slightly larger diameter. However, since the initial diameter of the lower bore was small, the distance between the edges 5 of the adjacent channels remains large enough that each cone of melted glass is separated from the neighboring ones, despite the wear Hot during the passage of the molten glass it experiences increased resistance due to the reduced diameter of the lower bore 2 and is therefore limited, the larger diameter of the upper bore 1 is sufficient to compensate for the decrease in the flow rate. It should be noted that the axial length of the upper and lower bores is determined in such a way as to ensure the specified level of the flow rate of the molten glass. The intermediate part 3, connecting the bores 1 and 2, is preferably made conical, and the angle of taper to the horizontal plane can be any. The flow rate of molten glass provided by the spinneret plate with the channels shown in FIG. 1 and 2, can be represented by the following equation: cСх oC; j, tgr6 () where О, the flow rate of molten glass (grams per minute); K is constant; h is the number of channels; H - the level of molten glass (cm); 1 — glass viscosity (Pz); X is the diameter of the upper bore (cm o (.x is the axial length of the top bore (cm); y is the diameter of the lower bore (cm); cLy is the axial length of the lower bore (cm); & the angle of inclination of the conical intermediate part. It was established that the most satisfactory results can be obtained if the ratio of the diameter of the upper bore 1, which creates little resistance to flow, to the diameter of the lower bore 2, which creates great resistance to flow, ranges from 1: 0.4 to liO, 9, and the axial the length of the lower bore is not more than 3/4 of the total thickness or less, but in any case more than 0.20 mm. If the diameter of the lower bore is 0.9 times the diameter of the upper bore, the distance between the walls of the lower bores of the adjacent channels is not enough to provide the above advantage created by the reduced diameter of the lower channel. Therefore, after a short period of use, there will be a tendency to merge glass cones, and this period is only three months. Such a period during which the spinneret plate works reliably is still insufficient, although it is much longer than the period of reliable operation of conventional spin plate, in which it is three to four fudel. On the contrary, if the diameter of the lower bore is less than 0, the 4 diameters of the upper bore, this last diameter becomes too large, and the upper bore of the channels may be interconnected. Therefore, in order to maintain separate channels, the distance between their axes must be sufficiently large, which is not consistent with the need for close location of the channels. On the other hand, if the diameter of the lower bore is made too small to solve the mentioned problem, its axial length will inevitably become quite small. At the same time, to obtain such channels, it will be necessary to use the technique of drilling small diameter channels with very high demands on the accuracy of the channels. KROP. moreover, the flow of molten glass will be too limited and will be subject to significant changes when changing the shape of the lower bore due to wear. Thus, in order for the die plate to work satisfactorily over a long period of time and not be affected by the drawbacks arising from wear, the ratio of the diameters of the upper and lower bores should be in the range of 1: 0.4 to 1: 0.9.

The same result was obtained when using a die plate, the channels of which are depicted in FIG. Spunner plate has flat surfaces and many channels made in the form of an inverted truncated cone. The ratio of the diameter of the inlet portion of the channel 6 to the diameter of the outlet portion 7 is also ppm 1: 0.4 to 1: 0.9.

The effect of using the invention in controlling the pooling of molten glass cones can be estimated from the fact that the pooling of cones occurs when the glass filaments are manually pulled after the winding reel stops or the strands are pulled using a device, for example. ; .... crushing a roll that can VYTAGI: Th thread with a lessened, for example, ds, .0 m / min speed. On the other hand, this effect can be judged by the time it takes to completely separate the spin plate, which is choked over the entire surface, into separate threads. In addition, the increase in the temperature of the channel, which causes the unification of certain cones, can create a basis for assessing the advantages of the invention.

In tab. Figure 1 shows the tendency to merge cones, which was known for a die plate, in which 2000 channels were made, having a circular shape in cross section, and the data are for a new spinneret plate and for a spin plate, which was used for one and two months.

Table 1

Channel length 2.00 Spout plate size 230x46x2

Unlike the well-known die plate, the die plate made according to the invention and having channels with different diameters of the upper and lower cylindrical parts, the dimensions of which are given below, showed the results given in

o tab. 2

Diameter of upper bore 1, 40 Length of upper bore 1.33 Diameter of lower bore 1.00 Length of lower bore 0.56

5 Angle of taper of the intermediate part30 Ratio of diameters (lower to upper) 0.71 The distance between the walls of the lower bore 0.90 The total channel length 2.00 Dimensions of the draw plate 230x46x2

table 2

five

thirty

35

Channel dimensions (mm) lead Channel diameter1.20 Distance between the walls of adjacent channels0, 70

Tiny, with a table. 3 shows data on the work of the die plate, the channels in which were made in the form of an inverted cone, and the dimensions (mm) of these channels and the die plate are given below. Diameter of the top of the channel 1.40 Diameter of the bottom of the channel 1.00 Ratio of diameters (lower to upper) 0.71 Distance between adjacent lower edges of the channel0, 90 Height of the channel2.00 Dimensions of the spin plate 230x46x2

T a

faces

4-13 3-

33-9

32

60

37

40

During the tests, it was found that the 1a filament plate, when it was new, was known to have a productivity of 95%, which decreased to 85% after use for 1 month. After 2 months after the start of use, the productivity of the spunblasted plate was already less than 80%, which turned out to be uneconomical. This was due to the increased tendency to merge the cones and then stop the device for separating the filaments.

In contrast, die plates made according to the invention, having the same size as well-known die plates, and the same number of channels, i.e. 2000, have a minimal tendency to merge molten glass cones even after being used for 6 months, while maintaining high performance. After 2 months of work, their productivity was 95%, and after six months of work, it remained at a fairly high level and was 94%.

This advantage is completely attributable to the fact that the distance between the edges of the adjacent channels on the output side of the die plate can be increased without increasing the distance between the axes of the channels, i.e. by maintaining a high density of channels. It is clear that even with the use of this spun plate, the edges of the channels are worn. However, this wear and tear does not reach the degree at which the cone of the molten glass is combined, and even after 6 months of work, productivity remains high.

Any material used to prepare the known spin plate can be used to make the spin plate according to the invention. After conducting a series of tests, it was found that the performance of the die plates of the invention was significantly increased when they were made from alloys containing,%; 90 platinum and 10 rodi, 75 platinum and 25 rodi, 86 platinum, 9 rodi and 5 gold, 90 platinum 5 palladium and 5 gold and similar alloys, although die plates made of other alloys have different levels of wear depending on the nature of the material .

Example 1. In the drawing chamber, a spout plate was installed, the channels in which had upper and lower bores of different diameters. The observed change in performance is shown in Table. four.

Data on the die plate and working conditions. Spinner size of plastic 250x46x2, mm

Material spunbond plate Continuation tab. 4

47

43

38 The distance between the walls in the lower bore of the channels, mm 0.90 0.74 0.68 Productivity,%. Example 2. In an extrusion chamber, a filler plate was used, equipped with channels, made in the form of an inverted truncated cone, the operating conditions and their abbreviations are given in Table. 5. Data on the spinning plate of fishing work Size of the spin plate 380x4 tons, mm Material of the spin plate plastic 90% of the spot 5% to 5% pa 4008 Number of channels Distance between the axes of the channels, mm Productivity, g / min Winding speed, 300-8 m / min. The channels have the following dimensions. Diameter of the top of the hole 1.30 Diameter of the bottom of the hole 1.05 Ratio of diameters (lower to upper) 0.81 Distance between the lower edges of adjacent channels0.85 Channel height 2.50

Table

;

10 months later

Union

Claims (3)

Not-not-not-from-to-na-naza reduction of blue-blu-blu-bluis or stretching of da-da-da-dagivania was going on, the time required in section 5-10 5-10 6-12 8-12, min C The distance between the lower edges of adjacent channels, 85 0.68 0.64 0.56, mm Production 94 94 92 90 strength,% Invention 1. A filler plate for drawing fiberglass, extruded with channels in a cross section in the shape of a circle, characterized in that, in order to prevent the sticking of the fibers, each of the channels is made with the ratio of the diameter to the entrance side of the glass to the diameter on the exit side of the glass in the range from 1: 0.4 to 1: 0.9. 2. A filler plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the constricted portion is no more than 3/4 the height of the spinneret plate, 3. The filler plate according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the channels is made in the form of an inverted truncated cone. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US patent 3,907,790, cl. 65-2, pub. 1975.