SU780127A1

SU780127A1 - Inverter

Info

Publication number: SU780127A1
Application number: SU782703021A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Иванович Чибисов; Михаил Иванович Зайцев
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3692
Priority date: 1978-12-28
Filing date: 1978-12-28
Publication date: 1980-11-15

Description

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Устройство относится к области электротехники и может быть использовано для преобразования энергии постоянного ,тока на входе в энергию переменного тока на выходе.The device relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used to convert DC energy, current input to the AC energy at the output.

Известно устройство для преобразования электроэнергии 0).A device for converting electricity 0).

Устройство содержит источник энергии постоянного тока, к одному из полюсов которого подключена первичная обмОтка секционного трансформатора. Начало и конец этой обмотки соединены с управляемыми вентилями. Параллельно первичной обмотке включен коммутирующий конденсатор. Ко вторичной обмотке трансформатора подключена нагрузка. Для предотвращения быстрого нарастания тока через коммутирующий конденсатор и его перезаряда в устройстве имеется реактор с двумя обмотками: рабочей и подмагничивания. Рабочая обмотка подключена между общей точкой соединения управляв-, мых вентилей и другим полюсом источника питания. Для обмотки подмагничивания необходим дополнительный источник питания.The device contains a source of DC energy, to one of the poles of which the primary winding of a section transformer is connected. The beginning and end of this winding are connected to controlled valves. Parallel to the primary winding switched capacitor. A load is connected to the secondary winding of the transformer. To prevent a rapid increase in current through the switching capacitor and its recharge, the device has a reactor with two windings: a working one and a magnetic biasing. The working winding is connected between the common connection point of the controlled valves and the other pole of the power supply. An additional power supply is required for bias winding.

Недостатком устройства является то, что для обеспечения нормальной работы устройства необходимо наличие обмотки подмагничивания, подключение которой влечет увеличение массо-габаритных показателей, а также требуется дополнительный регулируемый источник тока для ее питания.The disadvantage of the device is that to ensure the normal operation of the device, a bias winding is required, the connection of which entails an increase in mass-dimensional parameters, and also requires an additional regulated current source for its power.

Известно также устройство содержащее источник энергии постоянного тока, к одному из полюсов которого подключены первичные обмотки двух секционных трансформаторов, соединенных между собой параллельно. Начала и концы первичных обмоток каждого трансформатора соединены с управляемыми вентилями. Параллельно первичной обмотке каждого трансформатора подключен коммутирующий конденсатор. Вторичные обмотки трансформаторов соединены последовательно и подключены к нагрузке. В устройстве имеются два реактора, содержащие ,It is also known a device containing a source of DC energy, to one of the poles of which are connected the primary windings of two sectional transformers connected in parallel to each other. The beginnings and ends of the primary windings of each transformer are connected to controlled valves. A switching capacitor is connected in parallel with the primary winding of each transformer. The secondary windings of transformers are connected in series and connected to the load. The device has two reactors containing

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рабочие обмотки и обмотки подмагничивания. Рабочие обмотки реакторов подключены между общей точкой соединения управляемых вентилей и другим полюсом источника питания. Для каждой обмотки подмагничивания необходим дополнительный источник питания.working winding and bias winding. The operating windings of the reactors are connected between the common connection point of the controlled valves and the other pole of the power source. An additional power supply is required for each bias winding.

В устройстве переменное напряжение на нагрузке является геометрической суммой двух инвертированных напряжений и, таким образом, оно может плавно регулироваться от нуля до максимального значения по мере изменения угла между этими напряжения ми.In the device, the alternating voltage on the load is the geometric sum of the two inverted voltages and, thus, it can be smoothly controlled from zero to the maximum value as the angle between these voltages changes.

Недостатком устройства является наличие двух реакторов с обмотками подмагничивания, требующих дополнительных источников питания. Все это увеличивает массо-габаритные показатели устройства.The disadvantage of this device is the presence of two reactors with bias windings requiring additional power sources. All this increases the mass-dimensional parameters of the device.

Наиболее близким к заявляемому по технической сущности является инвертор ГзЗ. содержащий источник энергии постоянного тока,' к одному из полюсов которого подключены первичные обмотки двух секционных трансформаторов, соединённые между собой параллельно. Начала и. концы первичных обмоток трансформатора соединены с управляемыми вентилями. Параллельно первичным обмоткам трансформаторов включены коммутирующие конденсаторы. В устройстве имеются два коммутирующих реактора, подключенных между общими точками управляемых вентилей и другим полюсом источника питания. .Closest to the claimed technical essence is the inverter GZZ. containing a source of direct current energy, 'one of the poles of which are connected to the primary windings of two sectional transformers connected in parallel to each other. Start and. the ends of the primary windings of the transformer are connected to controlled valves. Parallel to the primary windings of transformers included switching capacitors. The device has two switching reactors connected between the common points of controlled valves and the other pole of the power source. .

К недостаткам данного устройства отйосится то, что имеется два коммутирующих реактора, что приводит к увеличению массо-габаритных показателей, а также мало эффективно используются магнитные свойства сердечников реакторов. ·The disadvantages of this device are the fact that there are two switching reactors, which leads to an increase in mass-dimensional indices, and the magnetic properties of the cores of the reactors are also used very little. ·

Целью предлагаемого изобретения является улучшение массо-габаритных показателей.The aim of the invention is the improvement of mass-dimensional indicators.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что в инверторе, содержащем две преобразовательные ячейки, состоящие каждая из шунтированной коммутирующим конденсатором секционной первичной обмотки трансформатора, средняя точка которой соединена с одним входным выводом, а концы через тиристоры и обмотку дросселя - с другим входным выводом, подключенным через диоды к точкам соединения секций указанной первичной обмотки, причем вторичные обмотки трансформаторов ячеек соединены последовательно и подключены к выходным выводам, обмоткиThis goal is achieved by the fact that in an inverter containing two converter cells, each consisting of a sectional primary winding of a transformer shunt by a switching capacitor, the midpoint of which is connected to one input terminal and the ends through the thyristors and the winding of the choke are connected to another input terminal connected through diodes to the connection points of sections of the specified primary winding, and the secondary windings of the transformers of the cells are connected in series and connected to the output terminals, the windings

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дросселей выполнены магнитосвязанными и включены встречно-параллельно между собой.chokes are made of magnetically connected and connected in parallel with each other.

Схема инвертора представлена на чер₅ теже.The inverter circuit is presented in cher ₅ tezhe.

Устройство содержит источник 1 питания и два трансформатора 2 и 3. Трансформатор 2 содержит первичную обмотку 4, выполненную секционной, и вторичную ,0 обмотку 5. Трансформатор 3 также содержит первичную обмотку 6, выполненную секционной, и вторичную обмотку 7. Первичные обмотки 4 и 6 соединены · между собой параллельно и подключены 15 к положительному выводу источника 1 питания средними выводами обмоток трансформаторов. Вторичные обмотки 5 и 7 соединены между собой последовательно и подключены к нагрузке 8. Начало и 20 конец первичной обмотки 4 соединены с тиристорами 9 и 10, а параллельно подключен коммутирующий конденсатор 11. Начало и конец первичной обмотки 6 соединены с тиристорами 12 и 13, а па25 раллельно подключен коммутирующий конденсатор 14. Тиристоры включаются поочередно при подаче управляющих импульсов. Коммутирующие конденсаторы 11 и 14 осуществляют коммутацию ранее про30 водящего тиристора. К точкам соединения секций первичной обмотки 4 трансформатора 2 подключены диоды 15 и 16. К точкам соединения секций первичной обмотки 6 трансформатора 3 также подключены диоды 17 и 18. Диоды служат для возврата реактивной энергии, накопленной в индуктивной нагрузке и реактивных коммутирующих элементах. В устройстве имеется дроссель 19 с двумя рабочими обмотками 20 и 21, которые подключены .встречно-параллельно между собой. Рабочая обмотка 20 подключена между общей точкой соединения, катодов тиристоров 9 и 10 и отрицательным выводом источника 1 питания. Рабочая обмотка 21 подключена между общей точкой соединения катодов тиристоров 12 и 13 и отрицательным выводом источника 1 питания.The device contains a power source 1 and two transformers 2 and 3. Transformer 2 contains the primary winding 4, made sectional, and the secondary, 0 winding 5. Transformer 3 also contains the primary winding 6, made sectional, and the secondary winding 7. Primary windings 4 and 6 connected in parallel with each other and connected 15 to the positive terminal of the power source 1 by the middle terminals of the transformer windings. The secondary windings 5 and 7 are interconnected in series and connected to the load 8. The beginning and 20 end of the primary winding 4 are connected to the thyristors 9 and 10, and the switching capacitor 11 is connected in parallel. The beginning and the end of the primary winding 6 are connected to the thyristors 12 and 13, and A switching capacitor 14 is connected in parallel. The thyristors are switched on alternately when applying control pulses. The switching capacitors 11 and 14 carry out the switching of the previously conducting thyristor. Diodes 15 and 16 are connected to the points of connection of sections of primary winding 4 of transformer 2. Diodes 17 and 18 are also connected to points of connection of sections of primary winding 6 of transformer 3. Diodes serve to return the reactive energy accumulated in inductive load and switching elements. The device has a choke 19 with two working windings 20 and 21, which are connected in parallel with each other. The working winding 20 is connected between the common connection point, the thyristor cathodes 9 and 10, and the negative terminal of the power supply 1. The working winding 21 is connected between the common connection point of the thyristor cathodes 12 and 13 and the negative terminal of the power supply 1.

Работа устройства осуществляется следующим образом.The operation of the device is as follows.

Пусть в некоторый момент времени включен тиристор 9, при этом ток протекает по обмотке 20 от начала к концу. В следующий момент времени включается тиристор 12, при этом ток протекает по обмотке 21 в том же направлении, что и ток в обмотке 20. Далее включается тиристор 10, в следующий момент вре5 780127 4Let the thyristor 9 be turned on at some instant of time, while the current flows through the winding 20 from the beginning to the end. At the next moment of time, the thyristor 12 is turned on, while the current flows along the winding 21 in the same direction as the current in the winding 20. Then the thyristor 10 turns on, next time

мени включается тиристор 13, после чего процессы повторяются. Поскольку обмотки 20 и 21 включены встречнопараллельно относительно друг друга, а токи в них протекают в од но м направлении, то в моменты коммутаций тиристоров происходит процесс перемагничивания дросселя 19. Таким образом, к моменту коммутации управляемых вентилей сердечник дросселя 19 всегда находится в пере- ,о магниченном состоянии, что обеспечивает устойчивую работу инвертора (как и в случае с обмоткой подмагничивания).The thyristor 13 is switched on, after which the processes are repeated. Since the windings 20 and 21 are connected oppositely relative to each other, and the currents in them flow in the same direction, then at the moments of switching of the thyristors the process of magnetization reversal of the choke 19 occurs. Thus, by the time of switching of the controlled valves, the core of the choke 19 is always in the About magnetised state, which ensures stable operation of the inverter (as in the case with bias winding).

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Claims

V .. The device is oriented towards the field of electrical engineering and can be used for the formation of constant energy, the current at the input to the AC power at the output. A device for converting electricity is known. The device contains a source of direct current energy, to one of the poles of which the primary winding of the sectional transducer is connected. The beginning and end of this winding are connected to controllable valves. Parallel to the primary winding, the switching terminal is switched on. A load is connected to the tpaHccjiqp mattor's tacho winding of the mator. In order to prevent a rapid increase in current through the switching capacitor and its re-ignition device, a reactor with two windings is installed in the device: a working winding and a magnetic biasing. The operating winding is connected between the common connection point of the controllable valves and the other pole of the power supply. An additional power supply is required for the bias winding. The disadvantage of the device is that in order to ensure the normal operation of the device, a bias winding is required, the connection of which entails an increase in mass and size parameters, and an additional regulated current source is required for its power supply. It is also known device 2, containing a source of direct current energy, to one of the poles of which is connected the primary windings of two sectional TpaHc4) qpMaTOpoB, interconnected in parallel. The beginnings and ends of the primary windings of each transformer are connected to controllable gates. Parallel to the primary winding of each transformer is connected a switching condensate. The secondary windings of transformers are connected in series and connected to the load. There are two reactors in the device, containing working windings and bias windings. The operating windings of the reactors are connected between the common connection point of the controlled gates and the other pole of the power source. An additional power source is required for each bias winding. In the device, the alternating voltage across the load is the geometric sum of the two inverted voltages and, thus, it can smoothly be adjusted from zero to the maximum value as the angle between these voltages changes. The drawback of the device is the presence of two reactors with bias windings requiring additional power sources. All this increases the mass-dimensional ps $: devices of the device. The closest to the claimed technical entity is an aQ inverter containing a source of direct current energy, to one of the poles of which the primary windings of two sectional transformers are connected, connected in parallel to each other. Start and. the ends of the primary windings of the transformer are connected to controllable valves. Parallel to the primary windings of transformers included switching capacitors. The device has two switching reactors connected between common points of controlled valves and another power supply source. The disadvantages of this device are that there are two switching reactors, which leads to an increase in mass-dimensional parameters, as well as little effective use of magnetic properties reactor cores. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the weight and size indicators. This goal is achieved by the fact that in an inverter containing two converter cells, each consisting of a sectional primary winding of a transformer shunt by a switching capacitor, the middle point of the cutter is connected to one input terminal, and the ends through the thyristors and winding dross are connected to another input terminal, connected via diodes to the points of connection of the sections of the specified primary winding, other than the secondary windings of the transformers of the cells are connected in series and connected to the output terminals, the windings of the chokes are lnesch. are magnetically coupled and connected in parallel with each other. The inverter circuit is shown in the drawing. The device contains a power source 1 and two transformers 2 and 3. Transformer 2 contains a primary winding 4, made seldio, and a secondary winding 5. Transformer 3 also contains a primary winding 6, made sectional, and a secondary winding 7. The primary windings 4 and 6 are connected between parallel and connected to the positive terminal of the power source 1 by the middle terminals of the transformer windings. The secondary windings 5 and 7 are interconnected in series with the load 8. The beginning and end of the primary winding 4 are connected to the thyristors 9 and 1 O, and the switching capacitor li is connected in parallel. The beginning and the end of the primary winding 6 are connected to T1fistors 12 and 13, and a switching capacitor 14 is connected in parallel. The thyristors are turned on alternately during the supply of control pulses. The switching capacitors 11 and 14 switch the previously conducting thyristor. Diodes 15 and 16 are connected to the junction points of the primary winding 4 of transformer 2. Diodes 17 and 18 are also connected to the junction points of the primary winding 6 of transformer 3. The diodes serve to return the reactive energy stored in the inductive load and the reactive switching elements. The device has a choke 19 with two working windings 20 and 21, which are connected in parallel with each other. The operating winding 20 is connected between the common connection point, the thyristor cathodes 9 and 10, and the negative terminal of the power supply 1. The operating winding 21 is connected between the common connection point of the thyristor cathodes 12 and 13 and the negative terminal of the power supply 1. The operation of the device is as follows. Suppose that at some instant of time TiipHCTOp 9 is bled, while the current is pro. flows through the winding 20 from the beginning to the end. S Next, the thyristor 12 is turned on, while the current flows through the winding 21 in the same direction as the current in the winding 20. Next, the thyristor 10 turns on, the next time the thyristor 13 turns on, and then the processes are repeated. Since the windings 20 and 21 are connected parallel to each other, and the current in them is flow in one direction, the switching of the thyristors takes place in the switching points of the thyristors. Thus, by the time of switching of the controlled gates, the core of the throttles 19 is always in magnetized state, which ensures stable operation of the inverter (as in the case of a bias winding). Invention Inverter containing two converter cells, each of which bypasses the switching named after a capacitor of a sectional primary winding of the transformer, the midpoint of which is connected to one input terminal, and the ends through the thyristors and the winding of the choke's are connected to another input terminal connected via diodes to the connection points of the sections of the primary source, the secondary windings of the transformers of the cells are connected in series and connected to the output conclusions, which are different from the fact that, in order to improve the weight and dimensions, the windings of the cell chokes are made magnetically connected and connected in opposite directions to Ode yourself. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Aranchly G. A ,, Zhemerov G. G ,, Epstein I. I. Thyristor frequency converters for adjustable electric drives. Energy, 1968, p. 69; FIG. 4-1b.

2.Bedfort B. and Hoft R. Theory of autonomous inverters. Energy, 1969, p. 197, FIG. 6-176.

3. Referative scientific and technical collection Electrotechnical industry, a series of converting equipment, issue 8 (55), 1974, overview information by IA Tverdova, become Autonomous inverters on T1-resistors of the company ERW (USA), p. 26, Fig. 3