SU774811A1

SU774811A1 - Cutter head

Info

Publication number: SU774811A1
Application number: SU782691117A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Константинович Петрушин; Владимир Сергеевич Пашкевич; Любовь Алексеевна Федотова; Владимир Флалиантович Киселев
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-3474
Priority date: 1978-12-04
Filing date: 1978-12-04
Publication date: 1980-10-30

Description

Изобретение относится к области машиностроения, в частности к устройствам для механической обработки деталей с асферическими поверхностями.The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to devices for machining parts with aspherical surfaces.

Известна резцовая головка, содержащая корпус, каретку, установленную в ⁵направляющих корпуса с возможностью радиального перемещения, и резцовую оправку .Known cutter head containing a housing, a carriage mounted in ⁵ guides of the housing with the possibility of radial movement, and a cutting mandrel.

Недостатком известной головки являютis ся ограниченные технологические возможности при обработке асферических поверхностей.A disadvantage of the known head is its limited technological capabilities when processing aspherical surfaces.

Целью изобретения является расширение технологических возможностей при обработке асферических поверхностей.The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities in the processing of aspherical surfaces.

Эта цель достигается тем, что каретка снабжена толкателем, предназначенным для взаимодействия с введенным в головку и установленным неподвижно относительно нее кулачком, а резцовая оправка^{1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 20} установлена с возможностью поворота оси головки во введенной в головку ползушке, установленной в направляющих каретки с возможностью радиального перемещения.This goal is achieved by the fact that the carriage is equipped with a pusher designed to interact with the cam inserted in the head and mounted motionless relative to it, and the cutting tool ^{1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 20 is} installed with the possibility rotation of the axis of the head in the creep introduced into the head, mounted in the carriage rails with the possibility of radial movement.

На фиг. 1 показана резцовая головка, общий вид; на фиг. 2 - разрез А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - разрез Б-Б на фиг.2; на фиг. 4 - схема обработки асферических поверхностей с применением резцовой головки; на фиг. 5 - траектория движения вершины резца в плоскости В-В.In FIG. 1 shows a cutting head, general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - section BB in figure 2; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of processing aspherical surfaces using a cutting head; in FIG. 5 - the trajectory of the tip of the cutter in the plane BB.

Корпус 1 резцовой головки закреплен винтами на инструментальном шпинделе 2. На роликовых направляющих 3 смонтирована каретка 4 с толкателем 5, на котором установлен шарикоподшипник 6. На направляющих каретки типа ласточкин хвост установлена ползушка 7, в отверстии которой расположена оправка 8 с резцом 9, закрепленным винтами 10. К торцу ползушки оправка поджата плоской пружиной 11. Винтом 12 с помощью сухарей 13 и 14 оправка 8 закреплена в отверстии ползушки. Микровинты 15 ввернуты в кронштейны 16 ползушки. Кулачок 17 сцентрирован по кольцу 18 и закреплен винтами 19 на корпусе инструментального шпинделя. Пружинами 20 каретка 4 через подшипник 6 поджата к кулачку 17. В кронштейн 21 ввернут винт 22, взаимодействующий с ползушкой 7.The tool head housing 1 is fixed with screws on the tool spindle 2. A carriage 4 with a pusher 5 is mounted on the roller guides 3, on which the ball bearing is mounted 6. A dozen 7 is mounted on the guides of the dovetail carriage, in the hole of which there is a mandrel 8 with a cutter 9 fixed by screws 10. To the end of the crawler, the mandrel is preloaded by a flat spring 11. By screw 12, with the help of crackers 13 and 14, the mandrel 8 is fixed in the hole of the crawler. Microscrews 15 are screwed into the cradle brackets 16. The cam 17 is centered on the ring 18 and secured with screws 19 on the tool spindle housing. The springs 20, the carriage 4 through the bearing 6 is pressed to the cam 17. A screw 22 is screwed into the bracket 21, which interacts with the creeper 7.

Резцовая головка работает следующим образом.The cutter head operates as follows.

Обрабатываемая деталь 23 установлена на рабочем шпинделе. Оси рабочего и инструментального шпинделей расположены в одной плоскости под углом (р , который выбран в зависимости от размеров обрабатываемой детали. Профиль кулачка 17 рассчитан таким, образом, чтобы при повороте инструментального шпинделя вершина резца двигалась в секущей плоскости В-В по кривой, определяющей параметры обрабатываемой асферической поверхности.The workpiece 23 is mounted on a working spindle. The axes of the working and tool spindles are located in the same plane at an angle (p, which is selected depending on the size of the workpiece. The cam profile 17 is designed so that when the tool spindle is rotated, the tip of the cutter moves in the secant plane BB in a curve defining the parameters processed aspherical surface.

Неточность траектории 24 движения вершины резца вызывает неточность формы асферической¹ поверхности.The inaccuracy of the path 24 of the movement of the tip of the cutter causes the inaccuracy of the shape of the aspherical ¹ surface.

Оправку 8 с резцом 9 поворачивают на угол qj , равный углу наклона оси инструментального шпинделя к оси вращения детали, с помощью микровинтов 15 и закрепляют сухарями 13 и 14. Винтом 22 регулируют положение ползушки 7 таким образом, чтобы вылет резца Т? ц соответствовал расчетному при нулевом положении шарикоподшипника 6 толкателя 5 на профиле кулачка 17.The mandrel 8 with the cutter 9 is rotated by an angle qj equal to the angle of inclination of the axis of the tool spindle to the axis of rotation of the part, using microscrews 15 and fixed with crackers 13 and 14. Using the screw 22, the position of the sprocket 7 is adjusted so that the cutter T? C corresponded to the calculated at zero position of the ball bearing 6 of the pusher 5 on the cam profile 17.

После этого ползушку 7 закрепляют на ласточкином хвосте каретки 4 и производят обработку асферической поверхности.After that, the crawler 7 is fixed on the swallow tail of the carriage 4 and the aspherical surface is treated.

Так как один кулачок с определенным профилем, являющимся эквидистантой эллипса, обеспечивает движение вершины резца только по эллипсу с ⁴ определеннымиSince one cam with a certain profile, which is the equidistant of an ellipse, provides the movement of the tip of the cutter only along an ellipse with ⁴ defined

фиг.1figure 1

774811 4 параметрами, то для получения различных асферических * ^поверхностей необходимо изменение угла наклона оси инструментального шпинделя к оси вращения ₅ рабочего шпинделя.774811 4 parameters, then to obtain various aspherical * ^ surfaces it is necessary to change the angle of inclination of the axis of the tool spindle to the axis of rotation _{5 of the} working spindle.

Точная установка положения вершины резца осуществляется при этом перемещением ползушки 7 и поворотом оправки 8.The exact setting of the position of the tip of the cutter is carried out by moving the crawler 7 and turning the mandrel 8.

Предлагаемая уголовка позволяет также использовать сменные кулачки с различным перепадом рабочего профиля. Необходимая настройка и нормальная работа головки в этом случае обеспечивается установочными перемещением ползушки 7, поворотом резцовой оправки 8 и рабочим ходом каретки 4 по роликовым направляющим 3.The proposed correction also allows the use of interchangeable cams with different differential working profiles. The necessary adjustment and normal operation of the head in this case is ensured by the installation movement of the sprocket 7, the rotation of the cutting mandrel 8 and the stroke of the carriage 4 along the roller guides 3.

Claims

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular, to devices for machining parts with aspherical surfaces. A cutting end is known, comprising a housing, a carriage mounted in the body guides with the possibility of radial movement, and a cutting mandrel l. The disadvantage of the known head is the limited technological possibilities in the treatment of aspherical surfaces. The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities in the treatment of aspherical surfaces. This goal is achieved by the fact that the carriage is equipped with a pusher designed to interact with the inserted / i in the head and fixedly fixed with respect to it by a cam, and the cutting tool holder is installed with the possibility of turning the axle of the head into the inserted into the head slider that is installed in the directional carriages that can radially move . FIG. 1 shows a cutting head, general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the treatment of aspherical surfaces using a cutting head; in fig. 5 shows the trajectory of the top of the tool in the plane BB. The case of the 1 cutter head is screwed onto the tool spindle.

2. On the roller guides 3 a carriage 4 is mounted with a pusher 5 on which a ball bearing is mounted 6. On the direction of the dovetail carriage, a slider 7 is installed, in the hole of which a mandrel 8 with a cutter 9 is fastened with screws 10. To the end of the slider the mandrel is clamped by a flat spring 11. Screw 12 with the help of crackers 13 and 14 mandrel 8 is fixed in the hole slider. Microscrews 1.5 are screwed into the crowns of the 36 36 slider. Kulchok 17 37 is centered no ring 18 n fixed with screws 19 on the tool spindle body. Springs 2O carriage 4 through the bearing 6 is tucked into the cam 17. In the bracket 21 screw the screw 22, interacting with the slider 7. The cutting head works as follows. Workpiece 23 is installed on the working spindle. The axes of the working and tool spindles are located in the same plane at an angle φ, which is selected depending on the size of the workpiece. The profile of the knife 17 is designed in such a way that when the tool spindle is rotated, the tip of the tool moves in the section plane BB along the curve determining the parameters of the aspherical surface to be machined. The inaccuracy of the path of movement 24 of the tip of the cutter causes an inaccuracy of the shape of the aspheric surface. The mandrel 8 with the cutter 9 is rotated by an angle (equal to the angle of inclination of the axis of the tool spindle to the axis of rotation on the part, using screws 15 and fixed with crackers 13 and 14. The screw 22 adjusts the position of the slider 7 so that calculated at zero position of the ball bearing 6, the thrust roller 5 in the cam 17 profile. After that, the slider 7 is fixed with the dovetail of the carriage 4 and the aspherical surface is processed. If the tool tip moves only along an ellipse with 14 parameters, then to obtain various aspherical surfaces, it is necessary to change the angle of inclination of the tool spindle axis to the axis of rotation of the working spindle. It also allows the use of interchangeable cams with different differential profiles. Adjustment and normal operation of the head are necessary in this case by adjusting the movement of the slider 7, turning the cutting mandrel 8 and the working stroke of the carriage 4 along the roller guides 3, the invention. and a cutter mandrel, characterized in that, in order to embroider the rhenium of the teXhologic possibilities when machining aspherical surfaces, the carriage is equipped with a pusher designed to interact -introduced into the head and is fixedly mounted with respect thereto a cam and Reztsova cj mandrel mounted rotatable relative to the head axis in the introduction to the head-degenerate polzushke installed in the guide carriage with the possibility of radial movement. Sources of information accepted in V. attention during examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 622586, cl. B 23 B 29/034, 1976.

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