SU770778A1 - Pneumatic single-shot hammer - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to pneumatic percussion tools and can be used in mechanical engineering for riveting, felling, driving tensioned bolts, applying strokes, 5 cores, and other operations.

Known pneumatic hammers containing a cylinder, a piston-drummer, a starting device, a working tip, channels in the cylinder for raising the piston-impactor to the initial position fl.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a pneumatic 5 single-impact hammer comprising a cylinder with a handle placed in it. A piston-drummer, a working tip and a spool for supplying air to the over- and sub-piston cavities 20 of the cylinder 23.

The disadvantages of the known constructions of hammers are the increased dimensions and weight.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the size and weight of the hammer.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a pneumatic one-hammer the piston-hammer is made with a central through-hole, working

The spider has a central blind hole, and the hammer is equipped with a rod with channels for supplying compressed air to the sub piston cavity installed in the through hole of the piston piston and in the blind hole of the working tip and interacting with the spool, the head of which is designed as a valve designed to shut off the supply of compressed air in the piston cavity.

The drawing shows the proposed pneumatic single hammer.

It contains a cylinder 1, a piston hammer 2 with a transitional conical surface 3, which forms with the cylinder over- and sub-piston cavities 4 and 5 and has a central bad hole 6, a rod 7 with channels B and 9.

A cover 10 with a handle 11, a fitting 12 and a channel 13 for supplying compressed air is fixed on the cylinder 1.

In the lid 10 there is a cylindrical bore 14, closed with a screw 15. In the bore 14, a sleeve 16 is fixedly mounted, which has annular grooves 17 and 18 and channels 19 and 20. In the sleeve 16, the movable-.

but installed spring-loaded in axial direction. Spring 21 spool 22 with an internal calibrated orifice 23 and annular groove 24. The head of the golden arm 22 is made in the valve plug.

 The cover 10 also includes a channel 26 connecting the above-piston cavity 4 of the cylinder 1 through the annular groove 17, the channels 19, the groove 24, the channel 20, the annular groove 18 and the channel 27 with the atmosphere.

The front of cylinder 1 is closed by an adapter 28, on which a guide nut .29 is fastened. A working tip 30 is placed in the opening of the adapter 28, the head 31 of which is made in the form of a valve. In the adapter 28 channels 32 are made, which connect the pre-valved cavity to the atmosphere.

On the working tip 30, the pins 33 are fixedly fixed to the pins 33 and a hole 35 is made in which the rod 7 is installed. A hole 36 is placed in the hole of the adapter 28, raising the head 31 to the saddle.

The hammer works as follows

In the initial position, the spring 21 shakes the head 25 of the spool 22 to the saddle of the sleeve 16. Compressed air flows through fitting 12, channel 13, holes 14 and 23, channels 8 and 9 into the piston chamber 5 of cylinder 1 Under the action of compressed air pore-blow. nick 2 is kept in its original position.

On, the piston cavity 4 of the cylinder 1 through the channel 26, the groove 17, the channels 19, the groove 2-4, the channel 20, the groove 18 and the channel 27 is connected to the atmosphere.

When the working tips are pressed, 30on shifts otgl-sushitelno cylinder 1 upward. At the same time, the bare valve 31 moves away from the saddle of the adapter 28 and the piston chamber 5 through the channels 32 is connected to the atmosphere.

At the same time, the rod 7 mounted in the working tip 30 pushes the spool 22 upwards, which closes the channel 20. When the head 25 of the spool 22 moves away from the saddle of the sleeve 16. Squeeze the air through the hole 14, groove 24, channel 19, groove 17, channel 26 enters the over-piston cavity 4 and cylinder 1 is affected by the piston drummer 2, which makes a working stroke,

When removing the load from the working tip 30, its head 31 under the action of the spring 36 sits on the saddle of the adapter 2.8, blocking the channels 32. Simultaneously the valve v22, under the action of the spring 21 returns to its original position, and its head 25 sits on the saddle of the sleeve 16 and closes the compressed air supply to the over-piston cavity 4, which communicates with

o atmosphere. The compressed air fills the sub-piston cavity 5 of cylinder 1 and returns the piston-hammer 2 to its original position. Then the cycle repeats.

5 The proposed hammer design reduces the mass of the hammer by 10-15% compared to the mass of the hammer, taken as a prototype and having the same impact energy.

Claims (2)

0 In addition, since the control of the dewatering spool is controlled with a rod moving by pressing the working tip inside the cylinder, the dimensions of the hammer are reduced. The reduction in the mass and dimensions of the proposed construction facilitates the working conditions, which allows an increase in productivity by 15-20%. Invention Formula  A single-blown pneumatic hammer containing a cylinder with a handle, piston-hammer located in it, a working tip and a spool for air supply and another and piston-piston cavities of the cylinder are distinguished by the fact that, in order to reduce the dimensions and weight of the hammer , the piston hammer is made with a central through hole, the working tip is 0 s; the central blind hole, and the hammer is equipped with a rod with channels for supplying compressed air into the sub piston cavity installed in the through hole of the impactor piston and in the blind hole of the working tip and interacting with the spool, the head of which is designed as a valve designed to shut off the supply compressed air into the over-piston cavity.  Information sources, taken into account during the examination 1.Sudakovich DI, Vernadsky G.I. Handbook of mechanized tools. M., Mashgiz, 5 1961, p. 221-232. 2. Aircraft engineering technology USA. Vol. P, Cabinet of Experiences Exchange, First General Directorate, NKLPM, 1939, SLO (prototype).