SU765947A1

SU765947A1 - Dc electromagnetic pump

Info

Publication number: SU765947A1
Application number: SU782641981A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Александрович Голодняк; Анна Ентовна Синельникова; Исаак Мейлихович Толмач
Original assignee: Государственный Научно-Исследовательский Электронный Институт Им.Г.М.Кржижановского
Priority date: 1978-07-10
Filing date: 1978-07-10
Publication date: 1980-09-23

Description

Изобретение относится к электромагнитным насосам постоянного тока и может быть применено в металлургии, в устройствах для охлаждения ядерных реакторов и т.д.The invention relates to direct current electromagnetic pumps and can be used in metallurgy, in devices for cooling nuclear reactors, etc.

Как известно, традиционные схемы жидкометаллических МГД машин постоянного тока, например, электромагнитные насосы, характеризуются довольно низким рабочим напряжением (0,3—1 В) и, соответственно, большими токами достигающими тысяч ампер. Столь большие токи при низком напряжении затрудняют подвод питания к машине, требуют установки и непосредственной близости специальных униполярных генераторов. Это, в свою очередь, затрудняет в ряде случаев использование кондукционных . МГД машин постоянного тока и сужает область их применения.As is known, the traditional schemes of liquid-metal MHD DC machines, for example, electromagnetic pumps, are characterized by a rather low operating voltage (0.3–1 V) and, accordingly, high currents reaching thousands of amperes. Such large currents at low voltage make it difficult to supply power to the machine, require the installation and close proximity of special unipolar generators. This, in turn, makes it difficult in some cases to use conduction. MHD machines of direct current and narrows the scope of their application.

Этот недостаток устранен в электромагнитном кондукционно.м насосе постоянного тока [1].This disadvantage is eliminated in the electromagnetic conductivity meter DC pump [1].

Он содержит прямолинейный канал с присо•единенными токоподводящими шинами. Вдоль канала расположены секционированные электроды, которые попарно последовательно соединены токозамыкающими перемычками. Вся эта систе2 ма располагается в зазоре магнитной системы, создающей магнитный поток. Такое использование схемы с секционированными электродами позволяет повысить рабочее напряжение в 10—40 раз при соответствующем снижении тока.It contains a straight channel with connected busbars. Sectioned electrodes are located along the channel, which are pairwise connected in series by current-closing jumpers. All this system is located in the gap of the magnetic system that creates the magnetic flux. This use of a circuit with sectioned electrodes makes it possible to increase the operating voltage by 10–40 times with a corresponding decrease in current.

Недостатком известного насоса является следующее: для того, чтобы использование насоса было эффективным, короткозамыкающие перемычки должны превышать высоту канала в 3-4 раза и занимать большую часть полезного зазора магнитной системы, что приводит к увеличению. потребляемой мощности магнита из-за увеличения его зазора.A disadvantage of the known pump is the following: in order for the use of the pump to be effective, short-circuit jumpers must exceed the channel height by 3-4 times and occupy most of the useful gap of the magnetic system, which leads to an increase. the power consumption of the magnet due to an increase in its clearance.

Известен также электромагнитный кондукционный насос, содержащий систему создания магнитного поля. С-образный канал, токопроводящие шины и секционированные электроды, соединенные токозамыкяющими перемычками 12].Also known is an electromagnetic conductivity pump comprising a magnetic field generating system. C-shaped channel, conductive busbars and sectioned electrodes connected by current-closing jumpers 12].

Однако этот насос имеет низкое рабочее напряжение и, соответственно, большой ток.However, this pump has a low operating voltage and, accordingly, a large current.

Цель изобретения - повышение эффективности.The purpose of the invention is improving efficiency.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что токозамыкающие Аеремычки с одной стороны боко вой поверхности канала выполнены прямыми, а с другой - косыми, смещенными в продольном направлении по отношению к каналу, причем лишь два крайних электрода .на противоположных концах канала служат для подвода питания.This goal is achieved in that the current-closing Aeremychki are made straight on one side of the side surface of the channel and oblique on the other side, offset in the longitudinal direction with respect to the channel, with only two extreme electrodes at the opposite ends of the channel serving to supply power.

На чертеже представлена принципиальная схема предлагаемого насоса.The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed pump.

В зазор магнитной системы 1 помещен канал 2, имеющий С-образную форму. (Вход и ю выход канала расположены с одного торца магнитной системы, а с другого канал имеет разворот на 180°). Боковые поверхности канала 2 с одной стороны электрически соединены прямыми перемычками 3, а с другой стороны косы-15 ми перемычками 4. Косые перемычки 4 смещены в продольном направлении по отношению к каналу, причем лишь два крайних электрода по одному на противоположных концах канала служат для подвода питания. Такое расположение 20 перемычек позволяет вывести их из немагнитного зазора.A channel 2 having a C-shape is placed in the gap of the magnetic system 1. (The input and output of the channel are located on one end of the magnetic system, and on the other the channel has a 180 ° turn). The lateral surfaces of channel 2 are electrically connected on one side by straight jumpers 3 and, on the other hand, by braids 15 by jumpers 4. The oblique jumpers 4 are displaced in the longitudinal direction with respect to the channel, and only two extreme electrodes, one at the opposite ends of the channel, are used for supply nutrition. This arrangement of 20 jumpers allows you to bring them out of the non-magnetic gap.

В то же время косые перемычки 4 соединяют на канале электроды с разными потенциала- . ми, поэтому создается поперечная компонента 25 плотности тока, обуславливающая полезный напор, и напряжение в предлагаемом насосе про порционально его длине, т.е. сохраняется основное преимущество схем данного класса насосов — повышенное рабочее напряжение и сниженный ток.At the same time, oblique jumpers 4 connect electrodes with different potentials on the channel. therefore, a transverse component 25 of the current density is created, which determines the useful head, and the voltage in the proposed pump is proportional to its length, i.e. the main advantage of the circuits of this class of pumps is preserved - increased operating voltage and reduced current.

Claims

This invention relates to direct current magnet pumps and can be used in metallurgy, in nuclear reactor cooling systems, etc. As is well known, traditional schemes of liquid metal MHD machines of direct current, for example, electromagnetic pumps, are characterized by a rather low operating voltage (0.3-1 V) and, accordingly, high currents reaching thousand amperes. Such high currents at low voltage impede the supply of power to the magnet, and require the installation and close proximity of special unipolar generators. This, in turn, makes it difficult in some cases to use conduction. MHD machines of direct current and narrows their field of application. This disadvantage is eliminated in the electromagnetic conduction pump m. Pump 1. It contains a straight channel with attached busbars. Sectionalized electrodes are located along the channel, which are in pairs sequentially connected by current-closing bridges. The entire system is located in the gap of the magnetic system creating the magnetic flux. Such use of the circuit with sectioned 1) electrodes allows increasing the working voltage by 10–40 times with a corresponding decrease in current. The disadvantage of the known pump is the following: in order for the pump to be effective, the short-circuiting jumpers must exceed the height of the channel by 3-4 times and occupy most of the useful clearance of the magnetic system, which leads to an increase. power consumption of the magnet due to the increase in its gap. Also known is an electromagnetic conduction pump containing a magnetic field generation system. C-channel, conductive busbars and partitioned electrodes connected by current-switching terminals 2. However, this pump has a low operating voltage and, accordingly, a large current. The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency. This goal is achieved by the fact that the current-closure Leremychki on one side of the side surface of the channel is straight, and on the other side, oblique, displaced in the longitudinal direction relative to the channel, and /; only two extreme electrodes at opposite ends of the channel serve to supply power. The drawing shows the printable scheme of the proposed pump. In the gap of the magnetic system 1, channel 2 is placed, which is C-shaped. (The entrance and exit of the channel are located at one end of the magnetic system, and from the other the channel has a 180 ° turn). The side surfaces of the cell 2 are electrically connected by straight bridges 3 on one side and by bridges 4 on the other side. Oblique bridges 4 are displaced in the longitudinal direction with respect to the channel, and only two extreme electrodes are located at opposite ends of the channel for supplying nutrition Such an arrangement of the jumpers allows them to be brought out of a non-welded gap. At the same time, oblique jumpers 4 connect the electrodes with different potentials on the channel, therefore a transverse component of the current density is created that causes the useful head, and the voltage in the pump being offered is proportional to its length, i.e. Main advantage of circuits of this class of pumps is increased working voltage and reduced current. Claims of an Electromagnetic DC pump comprising a system for creating a magnetic field, a C-shaped channel, conductive cables and partitioned electrodes connected by current-closing jumpers, which are different in that, in order to increase efficiency, current-closing jumpers on one side of the side surface of the channel The cores are made, and, on the other hand, oblique, displaced in the longitudinal direction relative to the core, with two extreme electrodes at the opposite ends of the channel serving for supplying power. The background information taken into account during the examination .1. USSR authoring certificate № 232755, cl. H 02 N 4/20, 1967.

2. US patent N 2686474, cl. H 04 N4 / 20,) published. 1954. (prototype). Ji