SU757656A1 - Drilling machine for horisontal drains - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of groundwater capture for water supply, irrigation, drainage and other purposes, carried out by means of radial water intakes or horizontal 5 wells.

Known drilling projectile for laying horizontal drains in sandy soils, which includes four layers of pipes (casing, sludge, 10 water supply, mortar) and a conical drilling head [1].

The disadvantage of the device is that in the process of the device drains are affected a lot of time, and the conical head is laborious to manufacture.

Also known drilling rig for penetration of horizontal wells, which includes the staging of casing and 20 water supply pipes, the drilling head with a shutter and a device for spilling, located in the cavity of the head [2].

The drawbacks of the device are 25 large ground drag when pushing a projectile, causing deviation of the projectile, the complex design of the drilling head of the projectile, the inability to extract the device 30

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for erosion-soil at the end of projectile pushing.

The aim of the invention is:

- ensuring the horizontal direction of the drains and reducing the drag of the ground pushing the projectile;

- simplification of the possibility of removing devices for scouring the soil;

- prevention of the outflow of water from the stand of the casing in the direction opposite to the movement of the flow of the pulp in the stand of the casing after the detachment of the device for erosion of the soil.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the drilling head is cylindrical with an open front end and is equipped with flat vertically mounted knives, and. also by the fact that the shutter is made in the form of a semi-ellipse, which by means of protrusions is mounted in the head cavity for rotation, and also by the fact that the soil erosion device is placed under the shutter in the lower half of the head cavity at its end and made in the form of a hollow cone with slots and a pipe that is attached to the bolt at one end through a left-handed coupling

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the central knife, and the other end is connected through a sleeve with a water supply pipe; and also by the fact that the projectile has a valve installed in the hollow cone with the possibility of interaction with a bolt of the central knife through a finger.

In Fig.'1 shows a General view of the drill in the section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - section BB in figure 1; figure 4 is a section bb In figure 1; Fig, 5 - device for washout

ground section; figure 6 -

the drill at the time of the start of the extraction of the casing from the well.

The drill includes stacks of casing 1 and water-supplying 2 pipes, a drilling head 3 with a shutter 4, a device for scouring the soil 5 placed in the cavity of the head, and knives b forming a grid.

At the front end of the nozzle 6 of the soil erosion device a hollow cone 7 is fastened. In its wall, parallel to the forming gaps are made to release water into the head cavity in order to erase the soil entering it through the grate.

A coupling 8 with a left-hand thread is attached to the cone for connection with a bolt 9 welded to the middle knife. With the water supply pipe, the soil erosion tool is connected by means of a coupling 10 bored from one end and intended to discharge water to become casing pipes.

Inside the hollow cone, a valve 11 is placed, which interacts through a pin ⁹ 12 with a bolt 9 of a central knife.

The number of knives is selected based on the size of gravel and pebbles in the water-bearing sand. The width of the gap between them should be 1.5-2 times less than the diameter of the circle inscribed in the free gap between the shutter, the wall of the head housing and the device for scouring the soil. Knives are designed to pre-loosen the soil and prevent small boulders and pebbles from entering the head cavity. To the gate 4 is welded stand 13 with a platform to hold it in the upper position during projectile pushing,

A jumper 14 is welded in the upper part of the cavity of the head housing. Its horizontal edge is placed below the diametral plane of the projectile by an amount equal to half the diameter of the axis of the shutter. This prevents the deflection of the bolt under the pressure of the soil. To connect with the stand of the casing with the possibility of free movement on the outer surface of the casing of the drill head made cylindrical groove. In the reciprocal groove of the casing, there is a rubber seal 15 with a fastener 16. During the pushing of the projectile from the side of the drill head, the rubber seal is opened with a spacer ring 17. The seal serves to overlap the annular gap between the surface of the casing and filters 18 with a plug 19 and prevents the gap from filling with sand during long interruptions in the process of casing extraction from a water pump formation. The ring 20 is designed to protect the casing threads from deformation by the elements of the force mechanism in the process of forcing a projectile.

In order to regulate the flow of water supplied by the drilling rig to scour the soil in the head and evacuate it to the mine, a valve 21 is attached to the water supply pipe in the mine.

The drill operates as follows. In the assembled state (see figure 1), the projectile is introduced into the conductor (with compaction) of the catchment mine and oriented in a given direction. Then the projectile is clamped in the power mechanism and the latter is activated. As soon as the drilling head pushes the metal screen located in front of the conductor on the outer surface of the shaft lining, the ground will flow into it under the pressure of the force mechanism, as well as under the influence of the mountain and hydrostatic pressures. At this moment, having opened the valve 21, the drilling projectile is started to be injected with the help of a water pump. Flowing through the slots of the cone 7, it blurs the soil coming through the grate into the drill head, and carries it out in the form of sludge (pulp) under the gate 4 and the bridge 14 in becoming casing. Here the sludge is diluted with water flowing from the annular gap of the bore sleeve 10, to the required consistency and evacuated to the mine.

After the first sections of casing and water supply pipes are pushed through, they are incremented by successive ones and continue drilling. Upon reaching the designed well length, water is supplied to the drilling rig for some time without advancing it into the formation in order to better wash the soil from the drilling head. Then, the heads of the water supply pipes are detached from the central knife along with the device for scouring the soil and start flushing the casing cavity. As soon as the sleeve 8 of the device for scouring the soil is unscrewed from the bolt 9, the valve 11 will move to the frontmost position and close the slots in the wall of the cone 7 After this, becoming a water supply pipe on 30-40 ohm is extracted into the mine.

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When the device for erosion of the soil from the drill head comes out, the shutter 4 under its own weight will fall into the lower position and will block the lower half of the cavity of the head. With increasing mountain and hydrostatic pressure due to a decrease in the slit, the shutter is firmly pressed by the soil to the surface of the cavity of the head.

After that, the flow of water into the casing becomes only through the sleeve 10. Opening the valve completely, bring the water flow through it to the maximum (calculated), ensuring reliable flushing of the pipe cavity. With the termination of water removal into the mine, they begin disassembling the water supply pipe. Removing it is carried out by a power mechanism with simultaneous water supply, which ensures that the remaining soil is washed out. In the future, the well is pushed by becoming filters 18 with a plug 19 and exposing it by removing the stand of the casing.

This drill is simple in design and allows to carry out drains in specified directions without deviating upwards.

The reception of soil through the end of the drill head, provided for in a drilling shell, provides a significant reduction in frontal resistance and eliminates the reasons for its deflection upwards, which, in turn, eliminates the longitudinal bending of the projectile and the appearance of additional resistance as a result of this - friction.

in order to

ensuring the horizontal direction of the drains and reducing the drag of the ground

projectile drilling head is made

5 cylindrical with an open front end and is equipped with flat, vertically mounted knives.

2. The shell pop. 1, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design of the drilling head, the application is made in the form of a semi-ellipse, which by means of protrusions is mounted in the head cavity with the possibility of rotation.

^ 5 3. A projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to ensure the possibility of extracting a device for scouring the ground, the device is placed under the gate, in the lower half of the cavity, near the end of the cavity and made in the form of a hollow cone with slots and a nozzle that is attached at one end through a left-handed coupling to the bolt of the central knife, and at the other end

25 is connected through a coupling with a water supply pipe.

4. Projectile pop.Z, characterized in that, in order to prevent the outflow of water from the bed

30 casing in the direction of the reverse movement of the flow of pulp in the stand of the casing after disconnecting the device for scouring the soil, it has a valve installed in

35 scrap cone with the ability to interact through a finger with a bolt of the central knife.

Claims (1)

Claim 1. Drill for the installation of horizontal drains, which includes the staging of casing and water supply pipes, the drill head with a shutter and a device for erosion, placed in the cavity of the head, about t and-