SU754170A1

SU754170A1 - Cryogenic chamber

Info

Publication number: SU754170A1
Application number: SU782656035A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Николай Николаевич Пренцлау; Виталий Михайлович Дмитриев; Владимир Дмитриевич Бобрышев
Original assignee: Физико-Технический Институт Низких Температур Ан Украинской Сср
Priority date: 1978-08-11
Filing date: 1978-08-11
Publication date: 1980-08-07

Description

1one

Изобретение относитс к холодильной технике, а именно к криогенным камерам, предназначенным дл охлаждени различных объектов, Б том числе радиотехнических, например охлаждаемых резонаторов.The invention relates to refrigeration engineering, in particular to cryogenic chambers designed to cool various objects, including radio engineering, for example cooled resonators.

Известен криостат, выполненный в виде теплоизолированной ванны дл хладагента, в нижней части которой расположена вакуумна камера дл размещени резонатора, соединенного лини ми св зи с внешним автогенератором , причем последние выведены наружу через дно криостата 1.A cryostat is known, made in the form of a heat-insulated coolant bath, in the lower part of which there is a vacuum chamber for accommodating a resonator connected by communication lines with an external oscillator, the latter being brought out through the bottom of the cryostat 1.

Известен другой криостат, представл ющий собой теплоизолированные азотную и гелиевую ванны, при этом в нижней части последней установлена камера с охлаж: даемым резо1гатором, линии св зи которого также выведены через днище 2.Another cryostat is known, which is a thermally insulated nitrogen and helium bath, while in the lower part of the latter there is a chamber with a cooled: distributor, the communication lines of which are also brought out through the bottom 2.

Недостаток указанных криостатов заключаетс в том, что при замене охлаждаемого объекта всю вакуумную полость криостата необходимо откачивать из-за ее разгерметизации .The disadvantage of these cryostats is that when replacing a cooled object, the entire vacuum cavity of the cryostat must be pumped out due to its depressurization.

Известна также криогенна камера, содержаща теплоизолированный сосуд дл жидкого хладагента, снабженный хвостовиком и заливочным патрубком, кожух, закрепленный на хвостовике и образующий с ним замкнутую полость дл размещени объекта охлаждени , и линии св зи последнего, выведенные наружу через кожух 3.A cryogenic chamber is also known, which contains a heat-insulated vessel for liquid refrigerant, equipped with a shank and a filling nozzle, a casing fixed on the shank and forming with it a closed cavity to accommodate the cooling object, and the communication lines of the latter, which are led out through the casing 3.

Недостатком такой криогенной камеры вл етс необходимость откачивани полости кожуха, изолирующей объект охлаждени от окружающей среды, после смены охлаждаемого объекта.The disadvantage of such a cryogenic chamber is the need to pump out the cavity of the casing, which isolates the cooling object from the environment, after changing the cooled object.

Цель изобретени - упрощение замены объекта охлаждени .The purpose of the invention is to simplify the replacement of the cooling object.

10 Достигаетс это тем, что хвостовик имеет выполненный по периметру паз, а кожух размещен в последнем с образованием зазоров с его стенками, при этом замкнута полость сообщена с атмосферой и объемом теплоизолированного сосуда посредством10 This is achieved by the fact that the shank has a groove made around the perimeter, and the casing is placed in the latter with the formation of gaps with its walls, while the closed cavity is in communication with the atmosphere and the volume of the insulated vessel through

вертикальной трубки, верхний конец которой расположен выще выходного отверсти заливочного патрубка. vertical tube, the upper end of which is located above the outlet of the filling pipe.

На чертеже схематически изображена предлагаема криогенна камера, общий вид.The drawing shows schematically the proposed cryogenic chamber, a general view.

Claims

20 The cryogenic chamber contains a vessel 1 for liquid refrigerant, equipped with a shank 2, an outer shell 3, thermal insulation 4 and a filling nozzle 5 installed opposite the shank 2. The latter has a groove 6 along the perimeter and a chamber 7 for accommodating a cooled object 8 mounted in the bottom parts of the shank 2. In the groove 6, a heat-insulated casing 9 is installed with the face and annular gaps, which is made either as a Dewar vessel or from a material with low thermal conductivity and is connected to the shank 2 through the outer shell in 3 by the flanges 10 and 11 and the vacuum seal 12. The communication link 13 the cooled object 8 having a seal 14, is introduced through the bottom of the casing 9 outside. The shank 2 with the chamber 7 and the casing 9 form a closed cavity communicated with the volume of the vessel 1 by means of a vertical tube 15, the upper end of which is located above the outlet of the filling nozzle 5. In addition, this closed cavity is connected with the atmospheric environment through the gaps between the walls of the casing 9 and a groove 6 and a channel 16 formed in the flange I and provided with a valve 17. The filling nozzle 5 within the inter-casing space is a bellows 18 preventing thermal stresses when the chamber is filled with liquid refrigerant entom. In working condition, the pipe 5 is closed by a flange 19. The proposed cryogenic chamber operates as follows. In the initial period of charging, the temperature of the internal cavity of the chamber is much higher than the temperature of the coolant, so the latter is completely evaporated. The refrigerant vapor through the tube 15 enters the closed cavity of the casing 9 and through the end and annular gaps between the walls of the casing 9 and the groove 6 and through the channel 16 and the open valve 17 displaces the air into the atmosphere to avoid condensation of water vapor present in the air in the cooling process of the object 8. After the walls of the vessel 1 and its liner 2 are cooled with refrigerant vapors to the required temperature, they will begin to fill with liquid refrigerant, and the valve 17 will be shut off, and the resulting refrigerant vapor will be evacuated to the atmosphere 5. By cutting the gas tube formed of a liquid coolant, its level in the vessel 1 can not be leaching the outlet pipe 5, so the liquid refrigerant entering through the tube 15 into the closed cavity of the housing 9 is possible. Upon completion of the filling of the liner 2 and the vessel 1 with the refrigerant, the valve 17 is opened, and the filling nozzle 5 is closed with a flange 19. The resulting refrigerant vapor through the tube 15 passes into the closed cavity of the casing 9 and, moving along the gaps between the walls of the casing 9 and the groove 6, remove the incoming along the walls of the latter thermal inflows. At the same time, the cooled object 8 is in the environment of circulating refrigerant vapor, which significantly increases the reliability of its cooling down for the following reasons: with an increase in heat influx to the refrigerant, for example, due to an increase in the ambient temperature, the refrigerant evaporates more intensively and, consequently, the greater the amount of steam has a great potential for the competence of heat leakage supplied along the walls of the casing 9 and the groove 6. A significant advantage of the proposed cryogenic chamber is pared with known devices of this purpose is to simplify the replacement of the cooling object, without requiring laborious and lengthy process of evacuating the working chamber cavity, as the air is displaced therefrom refrigerant vapor. In addition, the consumption of cryogenic liquid for cooling the object is reduced due to a decrease in thermal energy supplied to the elements of the chamber to the liquid refrigerant. Claims A cryogenic chamber containing a heat-insulated vessel for liquid refrigerant, equipped with a shank and a filling nozzle, a casing fixed on the shank and forming with it a closed cavity to accommodate the cooling object, and the communication lines of the latter, brought out to the outside through the casing, characterized by , in order to simplify the replacement of the cooling object, the shank has a groove made around the perimeter, and the casing is placed in the latter with the formation of gaps with its walls, while the closed cavity communicates with the atmosphere minutes and the volume of a thermally insulated container by a vertical tube whose upper end is located above the outlet of the casting nozzle. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 231636, cl. F 25 D 3/10, 1967.

2. USSR author's certificate number 314263, cl. H 01 V 11/04, 1970.

3. USSR author's certificate number 428168, cl. F 25 D 3/10, 1972 (prototype).