SU752546A1 - Relay having memory - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in automation for switching electrical circuits.

There are relays on reed switches containing magnetic field sources, made, for example, in the form of permanent magnets and field windings, a magnetic circuit with working gaps, at least one reed switch, whose design depends on specific technical requirements, in particular, reed switch contacts can be made in the form of membranes, petals of various types I.

The closest to the present invention is a relay with a memory containing at least one reed switch, a variable magnet with a control winding located on it, two plastic ferromagnetic magnetic cores mounted on the reed switch terminals, and a magnetic circuit with an excitation winding mounted on it, moreover, the alternating magnet and the magnetic circuit are installed between the plastic ferromagnetic magnetic cores parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reed switch on opposite sides of it 2.

The main disadvantage of such a relay is the limited switching capacity, because, due to the abrupt change of the current switched by the contact reed switch, when the contacts are closed and opened, an electrical arc occurs, during which the contact surfaces are eroded.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the switching capacity by providing automatic adjustment of the current in the load chain.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a relay with a memory containing at least one reed switch, a variable magnet with a control winding located on it, two plastic ferromagnetic magnetic cores,

15 mounted on the terminals of the reed switch, and the magnetic circuit with an excitation winding located on it, the alternating magnet and the magnetic circuit being installed between the plastic mass ferromagnetic magnetic cores parallel to the longitudinal axis of the magnetic core on opposite sides of it, at least two galvanomagnetic elements, electrical the resistance of which depends on the intensity of the magnetic circuit, interconnected, for example, in parallel, the magnetic circuit is made with at least one working gap, each The arrays of galvanomagnetic elements are installed in one working gap of the magnetic circuit, and the reed switch and galvanomagnetic elements form a sequential electrical circuit. The placement of galvanomagnetic elements in the gaps of the magnetic circuit contributes to the effective use of the dependence of the change in the magnitude of their electrical resistance on the magnetic field strength, which increases both with the closure and opening of the reed switch contacts, thereby increasing the switching capacity and the switching current decreases. At the same time, when the contacts of the reed switch are closed, the magnetic field strength in the gap of the magnetic circuit can be changed, thus achieving the required resistance value of the galvanomagnetic element or pair of elements that can be connected to each other and to the contacts of the reed switch in series or in parallel immediately before the relay in operation. In addition, a material with a high saturation induction value can be used to manufacture the magnetic core, which is difficult to manufacture for the reed switch cores, for example, due to the fact that the remark of the permendur glass does not weld together due to the difference in their thermal expansion coefficients. The use of materials with a high value of saturation induction allows to increase the maximum value of the resistance of galvanomagnetic elements. Placing galvanomagnetic elements in the gap in the section of the magnetic circuit where the field winding is located facilitates better utilization of the magnetic flux, since the latter, as it moves away from the field winding, branches off the magnetic circuit to form fluxes, scattering. The drawing shows a relay with memory, general view. The memory relay contains a reed switch with a series magnetic circuit formed by ferromagnetic contact cores 1 and 2 fixed in a glass cylinder 3. On one side of the reed switch along its longitudinal axis there is an alternating magnet consisting of a core 4 having a rectangular hysteresis loop, for example, from a remender, and excitation winding 5 placed on the core 4. On the other side of the reed switch along its longitudinal axis there is a magnetic core made in the form of cores 6 and 7 of a material with a high value of saturation induction, for example, of a permendur, between which there is a working gap. In the gap between the ends of the cores 6 and 7 are fixed with an insulating element 8, made of magnetic plastics, the magnetoresistors 9 and 10 are connected in parallel. The free ends of cores 6, 7, and 4 are fastened to the corresponding terminals of contact cores 1 and 2 by means of plastic ferromagnetic magnetic cores 11 and 12. On the magnetic core with cores 6 and 7, excitation winding 13 is placed. The common terminal 14 of the galvanomagnetic elements 9 and 10 is connected to the terminal of the contact core 1, and their common terminal 15 and the contact core 2 are designed to connect a switched load circuit to them. The memory relay works as follows. In the initial state, windings 5 and 13 are not excited, and alternating magnet 4 is in one of two states of residual magnetic induction, with magnetic flux coming out of its ends branching out through plastic ferromagnetic magnetic cores 11 and 12 into contact cores 1 and 2 , and magnetic circuit 6 and 7. The reed switch is open, the magnetic resistance in its circuit is large, therefore the magnitude of the magnetomotive force acting in its working gap is not sufficient to close. In order to trigger the reed switch, windings 5 and 13 are excited by the corresponding electric currents so that their magnetic fluxes in the working gap of the reed switch coincide in direction, as a result of which the magnetomotive force increases and after a period of time determined by the inertia of the contact cores. At the same time, the resistance of galvanomagnetic elements (magnetoresistors) 9 and 10 when winding 13 is excited increases proportionally to the intensity of the magnetic field in the gap between cores b and 7 almost without delay, therefore the closure of contact cores 1 and 2 occurs at the maximum value of the resistance of magnetoresistors 9 and 10. After reversal of the variable magnet 4, the excitation of the winding 5 ceases. With a reliable closure of the contact cores, the degree of excitation of the winding 13 is reduced to the value at which the necessary resistance value is reached. magneto resistors 9 and 10. At the same time, the reed switch is in a closed state, at least under the action of the magnetomotive force created by the magnetic flux of the variable magnet 4, since the absence of a gap between the contact cores reduces the magnetic resistance of the circuit; ezovannoy them. To unlock the reed switch; The excitation day of the winding 13 is again increased by the current of the previous direction, and the winding 5 is excited by the current of the opposite direction, in this direction of both magnetic fluxes created by the windings 5 and 13 coincide in the gap of the magnetowire between the cores b and 7, but do not coincide in the contact cores 1 and 2 In this case, the resistance of the magnetoresistors 9 and 10 increases again, and the magnitude of the magnetomotive force holding the contact cores 1 and 2 in the closed state decreases, and the latter open at the maximum value and resistance magnetoresistors 9 and 10. The excitation coil 5 is stopped after the magnetization reversal alternating magnet 4 and the coil 13 - after opening the reed switch contacts. Another mode of operation of the relay is also possible when, with closed reed switch contacts, the minimum achievable resistance of the magnetoresistors 9 and 10 is used. In this case, the closure of the contact cores occurs in the manner described above. To unlock the reed switch, only the winding 13 is excited, and the opposite current. In this case, the magnetomotive force also decreases, keeping the contact cores 1 and 2 in a closed state, and the last times are closed at the maximum resistance of the magnetoresistors 9 and 10, since their resistance depends on the strength of the transverse magnetic field, but does not depend on from its direction. The excitation of the winding 13 stops at the opening of the reed switch contacts.

When using the second mode of operation of the relay, the variable magnet can be replaced by a permanent magnet. For the relay to work reliably, it is necessary that the coercive force of the magnet is greater than the intensity of the magnetic field acting on it from the side of the excitation winding that is not part of the variable magnet. To achieve various characteristics of the relay, galvanomagnetic elements can be fixed in the working gap of the magnetic circuit with the possibility of replacing them during operation. In this case, the magnetic core can perform the functions of a heat sink, which also results in an increase in the power dissipated by galvanomagnetic elements.

The proposed relay differs from the known ones in that in order to change the resistance value of the commutating section of the electrical circuit within the range achieved by varying the strength of the magnetic field acting on the galvanomagnetic elements, switching of the reed switch or reed switch group is not necessary.

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Claims (2)

1.Bul B.K., Puchkov A.S., Shoffa V.N. Valve-lobe and membrane sealed magnetically controlled switching devices. M., Informelectro, 1973. 2. Rabkin L.I. and Evgenova I.N. Reed switches. M., 1968, p. 59 (prototype).