SU752304A1

SU752304A1 - Pneumatic signalling device

Info

Publication number: SU752304A1
Application number: SU782645487A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Яковлевич Раутенштейн; Иван Николаевич Чернов
Priority date: 1978-07-10
Filing date: 1978-07-10
Publication date: 1980-07-30

Description

Изобретение относится к конструкции пневматических многоточечных устройств сигнализации, обеспечивающих звуковую и визуальную индикацию нарушений технологического режима, возникновения опасных ситуаций или отказа оборудования.The invention relates to the design of pneumatic multipoint signaling devices providing an audible and visual indication of process conditions violations, dangerous situations or equipment failure.

Такие устройства находят применение на объектах нефтепереработки, нефтехимии и ряда других производств, относящихся к категории пожаровзрывоопасных.Such devices are used in oil refining, petrochemicals and a number of other industries belonging to the category of fire and explosion hazard.

Известны пневматические многовходовые ¹¹устройства сигнализации с индикаторами и импульсаторами, подключенными к соответствующим входным каналам, и с центральным блоком, управляющим сиреной и содержащим элемент памяти и кнопку квитирования (1).Known pneumatic multi-input ¹¹ alarm devices with indicators and pulsers connected to the corresponding input channels, and with a central unit controlling the siren and containing a memory element and an acknowledgment button (1).

Эти устройства сложны, малонадежны и не обеспечивают автоматического снятия звукового сигнала при возвращении отклонившегося параметра к нормальному значению. _? These devices are complex, unreliable and do not provide automatic removal of the sound signal when the deviated parameter returns to its normal value. _?

Известно также устройство сигнализации, содержащее кнопку квитирования, элемент ИЛИ, генератор колебаний и ячейки сигнализации по числу входных каналов устройства, состоя2 _i щие из реле с самоблокировкой, элемента ’’Запрет”, первого одномембранного элемента с пружиной в глухой камере, второго одномембранного элемента с пружиной в проточной камере, дросселя и индикатора, подключенного к соплу первого одномембранного элемента, проточная камера которого соединена с соответствующим входным каналом устройства, входом элемента ’’Запрет” и каналом питания реле с самоблокировкой, вход которого соединен с выходом кнопки квитирования, а выход — с управляющим входом элемента ’’Запрет”, выход которого через элемент ИЛИ соединен с выходным каналом устройства [2].An alarm device is also known, comprising an acknowledgment button, an OR element, an oscillation generator and an alarm cell according to the number of input channels of the device, 2 _i consisting of a relay with self-locking, an element of 'Prohibition', a first single-membrane element with a spring in a dead chamber, a second single-membrane element with a spring in the flow chamber, a throttle and an indicator connected to the nozzle of the first single-membrane element, the flow chamber of which is connected to the corresponding input channel of the device, the input of the “Prohibition” element and to nalom supply latching relay having an input connected to the output reset button, and an output - to the control input of the '' Disable ", the output of which through OR gate connected to the output device channel [2].

Недостатком этого устройства является сложность конструкции и ограниченность функциональных возможностей, так как положение вновь сработавшего индикатора не отличается от положений ранее сработавших индикаторов.The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and limited functionality, since the position of the newly activated indicator does not differ from the positions of previously triggered indicators.

Цель изобретения — расширение функциональных возможностей устройства и его упрощение.The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the device and its simplification.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что известное пневматическое устройство содержит кнопку проверки индикаторов, выход которой подключен к проточной камере второго одномембранного элемента, глухая камера которого соединена с выходом реле с самоблокировкой, а сопло через дроссель подключено к соплу первого одномембранного элемента, глухая камера которого соединена с выходом генератора колебаний.This goal is achieved by the fact that the known pneumatic device contains a button for checking indicators, the output of which is connected to the flow chamber of the second single-membrane element, the blind chamber of which is connected to the relay output with self-locking, and the nozzle is connected via the throttle to the nozzle of the first single-membrane element, whose blind chamber is connected to the output of the oscillation generator.

На чертеже представлена принципиальная схема предлагаемого устройства.The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device.

Устройство содержит ячейки сигнализации по числу входных каналов устройства, каждая из которых состоит из реле' 1 с самоблокировкой,элемента 2 ’’Запрет”, одномембранного элемента 3 с пружиной в проточной камере, одномембранного элемента 4 с пружиной в глухой камере, дросселя 5 и индикатора 6, элемент 7 ИЛИ, кнопку 8 квитирования, кнопку 9 проверки индикаторов и генератор 10 колебаний.The device contains alarm cells according to the number of input channels of the device, each of which consists of a relay '1 with self-locking, element 2' 'Prohibition ”, a single-membrane element 3 with a spring in the flow chamber, a single-membrane element 4 with a spring in the dead chamber, a throttle 5 and an indicator 6, OR element 7, acknowledgment button 8, indicator check button 9, and oscillation generator 10.

В каждой ячейке с соответствующим входным каналом 11 устройства, по которому поступает один из сигналов ......Р_п от сигнализаторов отклонения параметра, соединены канал питания реле 1, вход элемента 2 и проточная камера элемента 4. Сопло этого элемента соединено с индикатором 6 и через дроссель 5 с соплом элемента 3, проточная камера которого подключена к выходу кнопки 9. Вход реле 1 соединен с выходом кнопки 8, а его выход — с глухой камерой элемента 3 и управляющим входом элемента 2. Глухая камера элемента 4 подключена к выходу генератора 10, а выход элемента 2 через элемент 7 соединяется с выходным каналом 12 устройства.In each cell with the corresponding input channel 11 of the device through which one of the signals is received ...... P _p from the signaling devices of the deviation of the parameter, the power channel of relay 1, the input of element 2 and the flow chamber of element 4 are connected. The nozzle of this element is connected to the indicator 6 and through the throttle 5 with the nozzle of element 3, the flow chamber of which is connected to the output of button 9. The input of relay 1 is connected to the output of button 8, and its output is connected to the blind chamber of element 3 and the control input of element 2. The deaf camera of element 4 is connected to the output generator 10, and the output element 2 through element 7 is connected to the output channel 12 of the device.

Устройство работает следующим образом. В исходном состоянии сигналы ....., а также давления Р_к на выходе кнопки 8 и Р_п на выходе кнопки 9 равны ”0”, чем обеспечивается равенство ”0” давлений на выходах элементов 2 и на выходе устройства, а также давлений в полостях индикаторов 6, которые через дроссель 5, открытое сопло элемента 3 и кнопку 9 соединяются с атмосферой. Работа генератора 10 при этом не оказывает никакого влияния на положение элементов 4 и индикаторов 6.The device operates as follows. In the initial state, the signals ..... as well as the pressure Р _к at the output of the button 8 and Р _п at the output of the button 9 are equal to “0”, which ensures the equality “0” of the pressures at the outputs of the elements 2 and at the output of the device, as well as the pressures in the cavities of the indicators 6, which through the throttle 5, the open nozzle of the element 3 and the button 9 are connected to the atmosphere. The operation of the generator 10 does not have any effect on the position of the elements 4 and indicators 6.

При срабатывании какого-либо сигнализатора отклонения параметра его выходной сигнал (например, давление Рф) становится равным ”1”, что приводит к появлению единичного сигнала на выходе соответствующего элемента 2 и на выходе устройства. Одновременно сигнал Р< поступает в проточную камеру элемента 4 и положение индикатора 6 определяется работой генератора 10. При давлении Р_г на выходе генератора, равном ”0”, давление Р^ преодолевая усилие пружины элемента 4, откры вает его сопло и поступае I к индикатору 6, вызывая его срабатывание. Изменение давления. Р_г на ”1” благодаря пружине в глухой камере элемента 4 приводит к закрытию сопла этого элемента и сбросу воздуха из полости индикатора через дроссель 5, открытию сопла элемента 3 и кнопки 9 в атмосферу, т.е. к возвращению индикатора в исходное положение.When a signaling device of a deviation of a parameter is triggered, its output signal (for example, pressure Рф) becomes “1”, which leads to the appearance of a single signal at the output of the corresponding element 2 and at the output of the device. At the same time, the signal P <enters the flow chamber of element 4 and the position of the indicator 6 is determined by the operation of the generator 10. At a pressure P _g at the generator output equal to "0", the pressure P ^, overcoming the spring force of the element 4, opens its nozzle and I arrives at the indicator 6, causing it to fire. Pressure change. Due to the spring in the blind chamber of element 4, the _{r of} “1” closes the nozzle of this element and discharges air from the indicator cavity through the throttle 5, opens the nozzle of element 3 and button 9 into the atmosphere, i.e. to return the indicator to its original position.

Нажатие кнопки 8 вызывает появление единичного сигнала Р_к и срабатывание реле 1, подключенного к каналу сигнала Р^. Это приводит к появлению нулевого сигнала на выходе элемента 2 и на выходе устройства, а также к закрытию сопла элемента 3 и к установлению единичного сигнала в полости индикатора 6 независимо от работы генератора 10.Pressing the button 8 causes the appearance of a single signal P _to and the operation of the relay 1 connected to the signal channel P ^. This leads to the appearance of a zero signal at the output of element 2 and at the output of the device, as well as to the closure of the nozzle of element 3 and to the establishment of a single signal in the cavity of indicator 6, regardless of the operation of generator 10.

Последующее отпускание кнопки 8, т.е. изменение Р_к с ”1” на ”0”, не оказывает никакого воздействия на ячейку, так как реле 1 включено по схеме самоблокировки.Subsequent release of button 8, i.e. changing P _to from "1" to "0" does not affect the cell, since relay 1 is switched on according to the self-locking circuit.

После возвращения отклонившегося параметра в допустимые пределы, о чем свидетельствует изменение Р^ 'с ”1” на ”0”, все элементы ячейки сигнализации возвращаются в первоначальное состояние.After the deviated parameter returns to the allowable limits, as evidenced by the change in P ^ 'from "1" to "0", all elements of the alarm cell return to their original state.

Для проверки индикаторов нажимается кнопка 9 и сигнал Р_п становится равным ”1”. Этот сигнал через проточную камеру и открытое сопло элемента 3 каждой ячейки и далее через дроссель 5 поступает к индикатору 6, вызывая его срабатывание (сопло элемента 4 закрыто под действием пружины). После отпускания кнопки 9 устройство возвращается в исходное положение.To check the indicators, the button 9 is pressed and the signal R _p becomes equal to "1". This signal through the flow chamber and the open nozzle of the element 3 of each cell and then through the throttle 5 enters the indicator 6, causing it to trigger (the nozzle of the element 4 is closed under the action of a spring). After releasing the button 9, the device returns to its original position.

Предлагаемое устройство отличается от известного дополнительными функциональными возможностями (обеспечивается мигание вновь сработавшего индикатора до нажатия кнопки квитирования, что выделяет его среди ранее сработавших индикаторов),‘более простой и компактной конструкцией (оно содержит на два одномембранных элемента и на три дросселя меньше по сравнению с устройством, выполняющим те же функции), меньшим расходом воздуха питания.The proposed device differs from the known one by additional functional capabilities (it ensures that the newly activated indicator flashes until the acknowledgment button is pressed, which distinguishes it from the previously activated indicators), has a simpler and more compact design (it contains two single-membrane elements and three chokes less than the device performing the same functions), less air consumption.

Claims

The invention relates to the construction of a multi-point alarm / alarm multi-point device that provides a sound and visual indication of process violations, dangerous situations or equipment failure. Such devices are used in oil refining, petrochemical, and a number of other industries classified as fire-explosive. Pneumatic multi-input alarm devices are known with indicators and pulsators connected to the corresponding input channels and with a central unit that controls the siren and contains a memory element and an acknowledgment button 1. These devices are complex, unreliable and do not automatically remove the sound signal when returning the deflected parameter to the normal value. It is also known an alarm device containing a handshake button, an IL oscillator element and alarm cells according to the number of input channels of the device, consisting of a self-locking relay, the Ban element, the first single-membrane element with a spring in a deaf chamber, the second single-membrane element with a spring in a flow-through chamber, throttle and indicator connected to the nozzle of the first single-membrane element, the flow chamber of which is connected to the corresponding input channel of the device, the input of the Ban element and the channel n a relay with a self-blocking, the input of which is connected to the output of the acknowledge button, and the output is connected to the control input of the Inhibit element, the output of which through the OR element is connected to the output channel of device 2. The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design and the limited functionality the newly triggered indicator does not differ from the positions of the previously triggered indicators. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device and simplify it. The goal is achieved by the fact that the well-known pneumatic device contains 3 indicator test buttons, the output of which is connected to the flow chamber of the second single-membrane element, the deaf chamber of which is connected to the relay output with self-blocking and the nozzle is connected to the nozzle of the first single-membrane element whose deaf chamber is connected to oscillator output. The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device. The device contains signaling cells according to the number of input channels of the device, each of which consists of a relay 1 with self-blocking, element 2 Barring, a single-membrane element 3 with a spring in the flow chamber, one-membrane element 4 with a spring in a deaf chamber, droplets 5 and an indicator 6, Element 7 OR, 8 acknowledge button, indicator check button 9 and 10 oscillation generator. In each cell with a corresponding input channel 11 of the device, through which one of the parameter P P signaling signals of the parameter deviation arrives, the power supply channel of the relay 1, the input of the element 2 and the flow chamber of the element 4 are connected. The nozzle of this element is connected to the indicator 6 and through the choke 5 s the nozzle of element 3, the flow chamber of which is connected to the output of button 9. Relay 1 input is connected to the output of button 8, and its output is connected to the deaf chamber of element 3 and the control input of element 2. Deaf camera element 4 is switched to the generator output 10, and outlet e Cement 2 through the element is connected to the output channel 12 of the device. The device works as follows. In the initial state, the signals P; as well as the pressure of Ru at the output of button 8 and WG, at the output of button 9 are equal to O, which ensures equality of pressures at the outlets of the elements 2 and at the output of the device, and the same pressures in the cavities of the indicators 6, which through the throttle 5, open nozzle element 3 and button 9 are connected to the atmosphere. The operation of generator 10 does not have any effect on the position of elements 4 and the indicator 6. When any switch is triggered, the parameter deviation of its output signal (e.g. pressure P) becomes equal to 1, which results in the appearance of a single signal at the output of the corresponding element 2 and at the output of the device. At the same time, the signal P4 enters the flow chamber of element 4 and the position of the indicator 6 determines the operation of the generator 10. At pressure Py. at the output of the generator, equal to O, the pressure P overcomes the force of the spring of the element 4, opens its nozzle and the post i to the indicator 6, causing it to trigger. Pressure change. P on 1 due to the spring in the deaf chamber of the element 4 leads to the closing of the nozzle of this element and the discharge of air from the indicator cavity through the throttle 5, opening the nozzle of the element 3 and the button 9 to the atmosphere, i.e. to return the indicator to its original position. Pressing button 8 causes the appearance of a single signal Rc and the triggering of a relay 1 connected to the signal channel P. .. This leads to the appearance of a zero signal at the output of element 2 and at the device output, as well as closing the nozzle of element 3 and establishing a single signal in the cavity of the indicator 6, regardless of the operation of the generator 10. Subsequent release of the button 8, i.e. the change from 1 to O has no effect on the cell, since relay 1 is activated in a self-blocking scheme. After the rt-declining parameter returns to permissible limits, as evidenced by a change in P from 1 to O, all elements of the alarm cell return to their original state. To check the indicators, the button 9 is pressed and the signal P becomes equal to 1. This signal through the flow chamber and the open nozzle of the element 3 of each cell and the blue throttle 5 goes to the indicator 6, causing it to fire (the nozzle of the element 4 is closed by the spring). After releasing the button 9, the device returns to its original position. The proposed device differs from the well-known additional functionality (the newly activated indicator flashes before pressing the acknowledgment button, which makes it among the previously activated indicators), a simple and compact design (OIO contains two single-membrane elements and three drossels less than the device performing the same functions), with a lower supply air flow. Pneumatic alarm device containing a confirmation button, an OR element, an oscillator and a signaling cell according to the number of input channels of the device, consisting of a self-locking relay, a Ban element, a first single-membrane element with a spring in a deaf chamber, a second single-membrane element with a spring in a flow-through the chamber, the throttle and the indicator connected 5 to the nozzle of the first single-membrane element, the flow chamber of which is connected to the corresponding input channel of the device, the input The ban and power channel of the relay with self-blocking, the input of which is connected to the output of the acknowledge button, and the output - with the control input of the Restriction element, the output of which through the element OR is connected to the output channel of the device, in order to extend the functionality and simplify device, it contains a button for testing indicators, the output of which is connected to the flow chamber of the second single-membrane element, the deaf chamber of which is connected to the relay output with self-blocking, and the nozzle is connected via a choke but odnomembrannogo first nozzle member deaf chamber is connected to the output of the oscillator. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 219886, cl. G 06 D 7/00, 05/17/67.

2. USSR author's certificate K 362290, cl. G 06 D 3/00, 10.11.70 (prototype).