SU74969A1 - Magnetic theodolite - Google Patents

Description

The proposed (magnetic theodol, it is intended for direct measurement of the vertical component of the earth field, as well as the transition from magnetic to astronomical observations without any changes in the device, which is not provided by the magnetic theodolites of other systems) The device allows alternation of pickups on the body with pickups, and on the magnet and, in particular, admits such a construction of a series of observations, in which the average moment of astronomical observations coincides with the average moment of magnetic observations.

To this end, changes are made in the device device (both in terms of optical and mechanical) as compared with theodolites of other systems.

The theodolite device is illustrated in drawing. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed theodolite; in fig. 2 - optical scheme of the astronomical tube; in fig. 3 and 4 are up-to-mics for measuring the vertical component in two projections.

The device consists of a base 1 with a horizontal circle and pillars 10, on which a pipe 2 with a vertical circle of 11 and levels is installed, and a small house 5 for determining one or another element of terrestrial magnetism. The house is a replaceable unit; Different houses are used to determine the horizontal and vertical components.

The optical part of the tube 2 consists of an autocollimation eyepiece 4 placed in front of the reticle 5, cube 6, the diagonal plane of which is covered with a silver layer, and two lenses 7 and S.

The central part of the diagonal plane 1cub. 6 is washed away from silver, as a result of which two images are immediately visible in the eyedrope of the pipe 2: one is created by the central rays passing through the lens 7, .11 the second by the peripheral rays passing through the lens 8.

By overlapping this or that lens with a cap, you can use pipe 2 to work or just like an ordinary astronomical pipe with a bend in the course of rays, go like an autocollimation pipe for aiming at a magnet different from the ordinary one in that it has the ability to rotate around its optical axis.

The tube 2 can be fitted with a rim 9 (Fig. 1), inside of which there are two magnets, located425

so that their magnetic axes are perpendicular to the axis of the pipe 2 and parallel to each other. Like poles of magnets are directed in one direction. The position of the rim 9 on

pipe 2 is fixed by screw 12.

The lodge for measuring the vertical component is provided with an agate pad 16 fixed to the bracket 13, on which the coil / S and the floor are supported through the agate blade 14, and the winding / 7 and mirror 15 on it to observe the coil 18 swing.

band springs 19 into the coil 18 can be fed. current from a special source such as a battery for a flashlight. If coil 18 is in a magnetic field, in which the vertical component is not r-avna O, then when the current is switched on

BosiHHKaier is an additional torque that brings coil 18 out of balance.

The horizontal field, directed along the axis of the coil 18, cannot create any torque.

If coil 18 is in the earth's field, the horizontal component of which is equal to I, and verified by Z (Fig. 5), and the magnets located in frame 9 create a field G with components: horizontal // Г8 {пУ and vertical И Z 7cos &;, then the coil 18 does not respond to the inclusion of a current when the condition or Zrcosa is met. So, how the field of magnets G depends solely on the magnitude of the magnetic moment of the caps, located in frame 9, and on the geometrical data (distance from the magnet to the gun and the size of the coil) and because

the device, both the magnetic moment of the magnets and the geometric data of the device can be considered fairly constant, then the value T becomes a constant of the device, which is determined from comparisons with the standard.

In this way, the instrument makes it possible to directly measure the vertical component at the angle, & inclination of the magnets, i.e., the angle to which the tube must be rotated so that the coil stops responding to the current being turned on. The soothing coil is produced by simultaneously switching the current into it and into a special soothing coil.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. A magnetic theodolite with magnetic weights, the magnitude of which deviations are made using an autocollimation tube and a telescope equipped with a vertical circle and intended for sighting of the beam, characterized in that the telescope has an additional lens 8 and a cube G, p. the purpose of using a telescope as a sighting for sv-etil through. the main lens 8, as well as an autocollimation tube for measuring the deflection angles of changing magnetic scales located in front of the lens 7 of the telescope. 2. The form of the magnetic theodolite according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal tube of the telescope houses a frame 9 with a compensating magnet to measure the angle of the latter while compensating for the vertical component of the earth’s magnetic field on the sensitive element of theodolite along the vertical circle last.  3 No. 74969 FIG. one  ,9 ln afig 3 /9. FIG. four