SU748023A1 - Apparatus for supercharging i.c. engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, engine-building, in particular to devices for pressurization of internal combustion engines using kinematic and wave energy in intake systems. There are known turbocharging systems for internal combustion engines containing intake manifolds connecting cylinders with non-coincident intake phases and communicating with the air intake manifold of the turbocharger .1. However, the known devices for an internal combustion engine dual engine between the intake manifolds and the compressor stage have an intermediate tank (receiver-reflector), which must have a volume of at least half to ensure efficient use of kinetic and wave energy and protect the compressor from vibrations of the air column. engine cylinder capacity, which makes the cncTeNiy a fair, enlarged1. It has overall dimensions to the weight of the system as a whole. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce dimensions of the device for pressurization of the internal combustion engine. The goal is achieved by the fact that the inlet manifolds communicate with each other by means of a pipeline and are located acoustically in a mirror manner, and the air-inlet port of the turbocharger is connected perpendicularly and symmetrically to the manifolds. FIG. 1 schematically shows a pressurization system; in fig. 2 - the same, in the variant for a V-engine; in fig. 3 - acoustic model of the padduv system; in fig. 4 — pressure waveforms in the inlet manifold and in the reflector pipe; in fig. 5 versions of the piping system; in fig. .6 and 7 - change points

resonance for embodiments of the piping system shown in FIG. five; in fig. 8 - options for changing the length of the pipeline; in fig. 9 shows the results of the verification of the total filling ratio.

In the pressurizer, the internal combustion engine 1 has two identical intake manifolds (resonators) 2, which combine cylinders with mismatched intake phases and a uniform alternation of intake cycles. Collectors 2 communicate with each other by means of pipe 3, and the air-pressure pipe 4 of the turbocharger 5 is connected perpendicularly to the pipe 3 and symmetrically to the manifolds 2. The branch of the air-pressure pipe 4 and pipe 3 divides the pipe 3 into two equal sections so that the collectors 2 are relatively branching to a friend acoustically mirrored. The turbocharger 5 consists of a compressor 6 and a turbine 7, to which the outlet gases are supplied through exhaust manifolds 8.

The device works as follows.

In the collectors 2 and the halves of the pipeline 3, forced oscillations of the air column occur due to the suction effect of the pistons, which at certain ratios of the collector volume and the length of the halves of the pipeline 3 develop into resonant ones. From the theory of sound pipes, it is known that the branch pipe (air-inlet nozzle) 4 from pipe 3 is a reflector of oscillations going in pipe 3. This reflection will be most complete with a certain ratio of the length of pipe 4, the wavelength of the cutting harmonic and the disturbing pulse. The length of the pipeline 4 can be calculated by the formula

/ A () 2 (1)

tr

e

- pipeline length 4;

Where

tr

- since the docking of the tone (p –O, 1, 2, p

3 . .) D is the resonant wavelength.

harmonics of disturbing impulse.

In the proposed pressurization system, the receiver-reflector is absent, and its role is performed by the branching of the pipelines (Kvinki’s link), the same for both

collectors (resonators) 2, since the latter are connected to the branching mirror. The oscillations developing in the resonators are reflected from the branching, which acts as a receiver-reflector, at the same time being a pipeline that pushes air from the compressor, which simplifies the system, making it more compact and easy. Introduction to the system

The Quincke filter makes it possible to tune the resonator and the filter itself to one resonant frequency, which makes it possible to obtain a particularly strong resonance at one point. There is also another possibility.

5, when the resonator is tuned to one. frequency, and the Quincke filter - on the other. In this case, the dynamic pressurization system is configured for two modes of operation with aologim

speed in terms of speed characteristics.

Thus, replacing the reflector receiver with the reflector filter provides an additional element for setting up a dynamic pressurization system. It also follows from the theory of sound ducts that the reflection effect also takes place when the length of pipeline 3 is zero, i.e.

attaching a pipe rammer to a fork, which expands the layout capabilities of the device described. The proposed device can provide dynamic pressurization and without turbo5 supercharger. In this case, the installation at the entrance to the device air cleaner or silencer, instead of the turbocharger,. will not require a reflector receiver, since reflection from a fork will also take place without a turbocharger.

Claims (1)

Practical testing of the proposed pressurization device was performed on a 6-cylinder V-shaped engine with a boost from two turbochargers, for which the system is organically inherent, according to the scheme shown in FIG. 2, The system consists of two turbochargers 5, in which the turbines 7 are connected to the exhaust manifolds 8 of the engine 1. The compressor 6 of each turbocharger 5 by means of an air-inlet pipe 4 with a length of tfp and a pipeline 3 with a total length of 2 are connected to the intake manifolds 2 of the engine 1 Pipe 4 and pipeline 3 are connected in such a way that they form an extension that divides pipe 3 into two equal parts P, and the inlet collorator-t) systems are connected by length B and connected to each other. The intake manifolds 2 have a volume of 4.5 liters, each Kofopor-o value does not change during the experiments. The throat of the inlet collar with a diameter (90 mm during the experiment remains constant. The lengths of pipelines 4 and 3 during the experiment change. Changes in the cross section of the pipeline (and 90 mm) are also checked. The engine has an even alternation of intake strokes through 120 crankshaft angles In each block that combines three cylinders with mismatched inlet phases, the alternation of the intake cycles is also uniform and occurs through 240 angles of the crankshaft gate. The acoustic model of the dynamic pressurization system (Fig. 3) consists of two Helmholtz resonators with symmetrically connected pipelines with lengths closed at one end. Figure 4 shows the pressure waveforms in inlet manifold 2 (curve 9) and in pipe 3 (curve 10). As can be seen in figure 4, clearly expressed fuse & t, due to reflection from branch, comes to the compressor in a weakened form (decrease in amplitude by about 3 times). Thus, the proposed system, to promote the development of oscillations in the engine intake, protects against penetration their; into the compressor without the use of a special receiver. The eigenfrequency of oscillations of the air column in the Helmholtz resonator can be determined from the known ratio — the intrinsic oscillation frequency (1 / s); - speed of sound (m / s); - cross-section of the neck of the resonator-AV) -, pa (neck of the length of the length V - volume of the resonator (m). From relationship (2) it follows that the ratio of the volume of the resonator, the length and section of its neck should determine the position of the point (or points) of the resonance and their amplitude on the speed characteristic of the engine. For the experimental verification of these positions, 236 several variance of the pipeline system are used, shown in Fig. 5. The reservoir volume is fixed in these in “D) Iangah constant. In 1 and G1 variants, the cross section of coarse groove 3 changes, their length remains constant, and pipeline 4 does not change either (Sj - 7O mm, 5p-9O mm, L -1014 mm). FIG. 6 shows the cross section of the pipe section 3 for the location of the resonance points, where P is the compression pressure, Pdc is the number o6o JOTOB of the engine. From FIG. 6, it can be seen that a reduction in the cross section of the pipeline: W 3 leads to a shift of the resonance towards lower revolutions (lower frequencies). The test of the influence of the length of the nozzle -4 is performed: on the versions UI and 1U (see Fig. 7), the RTESB-600 mm, -200 mm, S-00 mm, L. 1014 mm. The PS shown in FIG. 8 of the results of experimental verification of these options, it follows that reducing the length E-gr (distance from the length corresponding to Quincke's filter) reduces the resonance maximum without changing its position on the characteristic. The regulating effect of both tuning elements (resonator and Quincke filter) is shown on the example of the change in the total coefficient} 1 of filling (Fig. 9). Curve 11 corresponds to l-V „,. tuning both elements, the resonator and the filter, to the frequency in the region of low speed (n.g-1400 rpm), and curve 12 - tuning the resonator and the filter to different frequencies (Pdo-14OO and 2600 rpm). Pz FIG. 9 it follows that tuning to a single point sharply increases the value of K, in the zone of low speeds, and tuning to radial points evens out the flow (as evidenced by the regulating properties of these two system elements. Thus, the application of the proposed device for dynamic supercharging in the engine, having only turbo-compressor supercharging, while maintaining overall and weight processes, will increase the coefficient HaiioJ, the efficiency of the turbocharger and the fuel efficiency of the internal C1 engine. . The formula of the invention apparatus for internal sgoraEkg nadauva engine comprising intake manifolds, obotsin yutsio tsilinary On the non-coincident phases inlet and communicated with the air-pressure pipe of the turbocharger, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design and downsizing, the collectors communicate with each other by means of a pipeline and are acoustically mirrored, and the air-pressure The turbocharger nozzle is connected to the perpenaikulary and unmolded pipeline. richly collectors. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1, Patent of the USSR N 498916, cl. GO2 B 27 / OO, publ. 1976. 7 ff g : Q) Ui.Z tpUAI TpKeiff (f Sh : J Urr eiOMO No. f t / ffMfiro FIG. five 748023 .five Ss . Fi about SBuP T + j l, t / -conM ftOO SOO 2200 If P9 " “O  / fW ™ Fig &