SU747828A1 - Apparatus for drinking water purification - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR CLEANING DRINKING WATER

I

The invention relates to devices for the preparation of drinking water and can be used for these purposes in OCO; conditions in areas affected by natural disasters, geological parties, working in difficult terrain, on tourist routes, as well as in all those cases where it is necessary in a short time to get small amounts of drinking water from natural polluted sources (rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, wells, estuaries), and its supply (water) or the use of mobile treatment plants due to local conditions is impossible.

A device for treating water is known; its housing is filled with charging, water distribution and drainage systems, fittings and a UV emitter,

Water treatment is carried out in separate sections according to the following scheme: filtration and disinfection with a UV lamp.

The drawbacks of the device are cumbersome, inability to use for individual water supply in the absence of vehicles.

Also known is an electrostatic precipitator for water purification, the casing of which is made in the form of two pipes filled with a floating die and wound on a dielectric cylinder in which conical electrodes 2 are placed.

The disadvantages of an electrostatic precipitator are its lack of compactness and the impossibility of operating in specific hiking conditions, as well as the complexity of regeneration, the absence of decontamination units and deodorization, which, under the conditions of the trip, when water analysis is almost impossible, does not allow Get a guarantee of drinking quality, especially in cases where the source is heavily polluted.

five

The aim of the invention is to increase the compactness of the electrostatic precipitator and to ensure the possibility of operating it in marching conditions.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the 2Q body of the apparatus is made of external and internal mesh spheres connected to a current source, the space between which is filled with a polydisperse floating load, the internal sphere is filled with l1 | b dispersed charging, for example, active carbon, and connected to a tubular handle, having a possibility of radial movement relative to the outer sphere, and a bactericidal emitter, for example a UV lamp, is installed in the cavity of the handle. FIG. 1 shows the device section; in fig. 2 - Hydraulic circuit diagram and electrical connection diagram during device operation; in fig. 3 - ergonomic layout; in fig. 4 - the electrostatic precipitator in the collection - the position "on the field. The set of the electrostatic precipitator includes a case 1, a power source 2 (battery or current generator), an electric pump 3, a container for storing drinking water 4, connecting hoses 5 (Fig. 2), which are in the "traveling" position (Fig. 4 a) the sizes are in the sections of the special portable case of the knapsack type. The device is also equipped with a maintenance structure 7, an image of a circuit of 8 connections and a list of 9 basic elements. Case I (FIG. I) consists of outer and inner shardvy spheres Yu and P, made of dielectric material, on which grids 12 and 13 are installed, of electrolytically insoluble material (for example, platinized titanium) connected to poles of a DC or AC source . The space between the spheres is filled with polydisperse floating material loading 14, for example, polystyrene foam. The cavity of the central shchara is filled with monodisperse loading 15, for example, with active carbon. In the center, there is a core electrode 16. In the lower part of the sphere 10, a perforated detachable flange 17 is provided for coarse water purification. It also serves as a drain when washing the filter. Ball spheres 10 and P are mounted on a hollow handle shtam assembled from individual links 18 using threaded sleeves 19. In the upper part of the handle 20, control buttons 2j and 22 are provided for starting or stopping the pump and powering the grids 12 and 13. A bactericidal emitter is mounted inside the hollow valve bar, for example, UV2 lamp 23. A protective mesh 24 is provided to prevent the removal of monodisperse load 15. For dispensing HMeetcfl drinking water supply valve 25. The device is transported in a belt 6 assembled in case 6. oystvo works as follows. The device in the "traveling" position (Fig. 4) is delivered by one person to the source of the proposed water supply 27 (Fig. 3). Further, in accordance with the connection scheme 8, attached to the cover of the case 6 and separately shown in FIG. 2, the hydraulic circuit is assembled - - - - ...-..-., -, .-, -.-,.

747828 and wiring diagrams. For this purpose, the components of the case 6 are primarily removed from the elements of the housing, which is assembled in accordance with FIG. 1. as follows: the head; a (body) 1, which is stored in the case in an assembled form, is screwed to the links 18. and the handle 20 using threaded sleeves 19. Next, by means of the hoses 5, the housing is connected to the pump 3 and the capacity 4 The electropump and electrodes 12, 13 and 16 are connected to the power source 2. It is essential that the pump 3, the drinking water tank 4 and the power source 2 can not be removed from the case, but remain in inadequate locations. . The body (head) thus assembled is immersed in a reservoir with the help of a stick rod (Fig. 3). Buttons 21 and 22 turn on the electric pump and supply power to the electrodes. As can be seen from FIG. I, floating load 14 When immersed, the upper part of the cavity of the filter housing floats and fills, after which the filtration cycle begins. The polluted water is supplied by the plug through a perforated flange 17 into the device, where the passage through the layer of polydisperse floating load is freed from coarse particles of contaminants. In this case, the largest soil particles do not get inside the device, as they are retained by the perforated flange 17. At the same time as mechanical filtration, electrofiltration occurs. Under the action of a non-uniform electric field, Formed between non-concentric spherical electrodes 12 and 13. Between the dielectric granules inside the floating load, an additional concentration of smaller particles of contaminants takes place, in the zones of inhomogeneity of the electric field. The water thus preliminarily purified, the passage through the perforated sphere 11, is filtered through the sorbent coal charge 15, where deeper separation from dissolved impurities takes place (deodorization). In addition, under the action of an electric field with an increased specific number of zones and heterogeneity (due to smaller particles of load 15), water is purified from very small particles, including colloidal particles of a size up to 10 cm or less. Purified from suspended and dissolved impurities, the water enters the inside of the hollow rod 18, where under the action of the UV rays of the lamp 23 it disinfects. The prepared drinking water is collected in the container 4 and taken off through the valve 25 for drinking. The performance of the device is adjusted by turning the handle 20 around the axis of the bar. As a result, the flow area of the tube is clamped using special inserts. As the filtering load is contaminated, regeneration is required, which is performed when the pump is turned off by alternately lifting from the water and lowering the device head into the water. When the head is fully immersed (working position), the floating load floats up, -and when you lift the toiete, i.e. lowered to the bottom of the filter. On the next dive, the download reappears.

Such a movement of the load causes its intrinsic turbulization due to different speeds to ascend particles of different sizes (the influence of Archimedes forces) and its washing. The sludge is taken out of the device along with the flowing water through a perforated flange 17. For a good regeneration, 2-3 dips of the head are enough into the water and raised from the water. The load 15, if necessary, is flushed with a small amount of water from the tank 4 in countercurrent. To do this, switch the pump to reverse.

The operation of the device can be performed both with the power supply to the electrodes 12, 13 and 16, and without the power supply. In the latter case, if the contamination of the source water is minimal, the potable quality water can be obtained by mechanical filtration through loading 14 and 15. With a low bacterial contamination, the UV light of the water can also be turned off.

The variation of the effectiveness of the action of the electric field created between the electrodes 12 and 13 due to the varying degree of its heterogeneity can be done, on the one hand by selecting the grain size of the filter loading 14 and 15, and on the other, by changing the center-to-center distance between the ball electrodes 12 and 13. the center-to-center distance is performed by interchanging the inner ball electrode 13 relative to the outer electrode with the help of a threaded connection on the rod 18 (Fig. I).

After obtaining the required amount of drinking water, the filter is disassembled, its elements are rubbed, dried and placed in their proper places in box 6. For a capacity of 10 l / h, the weight of the apparatus assembled in the case is 15-20 kg.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula A device for purifying drinking water, comprising a casing filled with a floating load, a water distribution and drainage system, an armature and a UV emitter, characterized in that, in order to increase the compactness of the device and to enable it to be used in traveling conditions, the casing is made the current of the outer and inner mesh spheres, between which the polydispers floating load is located, the inner sphere is filled with a monodisperse loading, inside which an additional an electrode, and is provided with a tubular handle having a possibility of radial movement relative to the outer sphere, and a UV emitter is installed in the cavity of the handle. Sources of information taken into account in the examination - I. US Patent No. 3923663, cl. 210-25.1 В 01.Р. 35/06, 1975. (prototnp). 2. USSR author's certificate in application number 2484142 / 23-26, cl. B01 D 35/06. 1977. v-. 22 30i9 17 747828 FIG. one S v 3L ъ 27 & 6 eight .