SU741929A1 - Reactor for conducting gas-liquid processes - Google Patents

Description

(54) REACTOR FOR GAS-LIQUID PROCESSES

I

The invention relates to chemical reaction apparatus and can be used to carry out exothermic reactions, as well as other processes in which liquid and gaseous reagents are involved.

To intensify the processes of mass exchange between gas and liquid, film devices with a twisted movement of gas and liquid film flows are widely used, where spiral sleeves 1 are inserted to improve the contact between liquid and gas in the cylindrical contact element.

The closest to the technical essence and the achieved result of the present invention multisection mass-exchange apparatus with a twisted flow, comprising a housing, inside which the height of the installed swirler with screw thread, separator and heat exchange devices 2.

The starting reagents are introduced into the first 20 section of the apparatus, and removed from the last. Such an apparatus is effective provided there are no temperature limitations on the process. When held in it

processes with fast reactions and high heat generation under full load, a significant heating of the reaction mass in the first section of the reactor is possible, which causes burns and resinification of the product, i.e., its quality decreases.

The purpose of the invention is to obtain a high quality product.

This is achieved by the fact that each tube below the vane swirler has screw slots for introducing gas and is provided with hollow screw inserts arranged in them.

Entering the gaseous reactant through the usual openings or slots in the reactor tube leads to a rupture of the swirling liquid film and the formation of a gas-liquid aerosol, which in turn causes a decrease in the quality of the product.

Claims (2)

This structural solution of introducing the gaseous reactant through the reactor sections ensures continuous continuous washing of the surface of the reaction tube with the liquid film and at the same time the twist of flow not only does not quench, but an additional twist is created. FIG. 1 shows a general scheme of the apparatus; in fig. 2 shows the node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2. The reactor includes a housing 1, a distribution head 2, a tube bundle consisting of tubes 3, connecting discs 4 and shell-and-tube sections 5 cooled by water. In each reaction tube 3 there is a paddle swirl 6 and there is a device 7 for introducing a gas phase, which is made in the form of screw slots with inserts 8 inserted in them, which are shaped in the form of a corrosion-resistant material. They are necessary in order to ensure that the gas-air mixture is introduced into the reaction tube, without disturbing the hydrodynamic setting of the swirling flow and the continuity of flushing the reaction tube with a film of liquid. The dimensions of the free section of the passage of the sleeves must allow the introduction of the gas phase at a speed of about b m / s, which does not create the danger of the film breaking off by the flow of the introduced gas. The joining of the section tubes is carried out with the help of elastic connecting discs 4, the openings of which are chamfered from above in such a way as to ensure that the tubes of the upper section being joined freely penetrate into them. All swirlers are recommended to be made of corrosion-resistant material and secured by elastic deformation without any connecting rods between them, since the latter can become foci of the tarring points of the reaction products. Works reactor as follows. The liquid phase is fed to the distribution head 2, where it is evenly distributed through the reaction tubes of the first section of the reactor and flows down to the swirlers located in these tubes. The passage of the swirler, the fluid acquires a torque, as a result of which it is pressed in the form of a uniform swirling film to the inner wall of the reaction tube. The gas reagent is supplied to the gas distribution pipes, from which it enters through the slots with inserts inserted into them 8. Further, in the direction of the reaction gas-liquid medium in the reaction tubes, it passes again through the swirlers and acquires a twist of the flow. This creates a very efficient continuously renewed mass exchange surface (between gas and liquid) and heat transfer (between the film and the wall to be cooled). By allowing the reaction mixture to pass through a series of sections connected in series, any sufficiently high degree of conversion of the reactants can be achieved. The distribution of the gas reagent over the sections allows reducing the molar ratio of the reacting components in the first section and increasing it in the subsequent ones. This helps to level out the heat loads from the reaction heat, i.e., to equalize the temperature profile along the length of the reactor. A coolant is supplied to remove the reaction heat into the annular spaces of the sections. The mixture of the finished product and the exhaust gas is withdrawn from the subsequent section for further processing. Claims of Invention A reactor for gas-liquid processes, comprising a housing with a tube bundle located inside it, each tube of which is provided with paddle swirls, devices for introducing gas and liquid and withdrawing a product, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the product, the swirler has screw slots for gas inlet and is provided with hollow screw inserts arranged in them. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 308763, cl. B 01 J 1/00, 1969. 2. USSR author's certificate number 207870, cl. B 01 D 53/18, 1965 (prototype). Water H and Hafta ffeABHueFig. one Greed I i i / 1- / 1