SU740912A1 - Percussive-action reversable device for driving holes in soil - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to construction equipment and is intended for percussion devices used, for example, in punching wells in the ground.

A reversing device for punching wells in the ground is known, in which the reversing is carried out by means of (T f wire rope fl.

However, this device is characterized

insufficient reliability.

The closest solution to the technical essence and the achieved result is a reversing percussion device for punching wells in the ground, including a housing, a hammer with a cavity in the tail section, forming the front working chamber with the housing, a stepped nozzle fixed in

tail part of the body

with respect to the nozzle, a stepped sleeve, the nozzle and the sleeve having an annular chamber between them, with a drummer, form a working chamber 21.

The disadvantage of this device is insufficient reliability and increased size.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device, as well as reduce its size with a constant impact energy.

To achieve this goal, the front and annular chambers through the channel are made periodically communicating during the return stroke of the device.

In addition, the channel through the cat front and annular chambers are connected during the return stroke of the device, formed by the surface of the sleeve and tube. In addition, the channel through which the front and annular chambers communicate during the return stroke of the device can be performed in a larger nozzle stage.

FIG. 1 and 2 schematically show the device when operating in the mode of forward and reverse moves, respectively; in fig. 3 and 4, an embodiment of the device is shown when operating in the forward and downstream modes, in which a channel is formed in the nozzle and the sleeve either opens or closes it. The device consists of a cylindrical body 1, inside of which there is a drummer 2 with a cavity 3 in the tail section and a window 4 in its side wall. The drummer, together with the body, forms the front working chamber 5 o. Between the sleeve 7 and the pipe 6 is mounted spring 9. The sleeve 7 is made with a window 10, and the hose 11 is attached to its tail part. The pipe 6 is rigidly attached to the nut 12 (in the drawing they are shown in one piece). The nut 12 is attached to the tail part of the body 1 and is provided with a hole 13 for exhausting exhaust air from the m: ashina. In the lower stage of the nozzle 7, a hole 14 is filled out, and a groove 15 is inserted in the sleeve 6. In the forward stroke mode, the sleeve 7 is placed in the rearmost position and its end surface of the larger step contacts the nozzle 6. In the reverse direction, the sleeve 7 is located in the extreme position and together with the nozzle 6 forms the channel 16 (FIG. 2). A second embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 3.4, characterized in that the nozzle 6 is made with an opening 17 at a larger stage, serving as a channel for communicating the annular chamber 8 with the anterior chamber 5. The inner surface of the nozzle 6 is stepped with an axis M with an abutment 18, which limits the axial movement of the sleeve 7, placed inside the socket 6 "Sleeve. either closes the hole 15 of the nozzle b (forward running mode) or opens it (reverse running mode). The device operates as follows. During the forward stroke, the sleeve 7 in this mode of operation of the device is in the rearmost position and abuts the nozzle 6. The window 10 of the nozzle 7 is blocked by the stegs of the nozzle 6, due to which the compressed air does not enter the annular cavity 8 . The groove 15 with its front part extends into the annular cavity 8, the tail part covers the hole 14 of the nozzle O, which provides atmospheric pressure in the annular region to measure 8. Under the action of air pressure in the rear chamber 3, the sleeve 7 is pressed against the patr-block 6. When applying compressed air through the hose 11 to the back chamber 3 through the window 4 of the striker 2, it enters the front chamber 5. The working surface of the striker from the front chamber is larger rather than from the rear, so the drummer moves backwards. When the window 4 of the striker 3 leaves the end edge of the nozzle 6, compressed air will be exhausted from the front chamber 5 through the holes 13 of the nut 12 to the atmosphere. The pressure of the compressed air in the front chamber will become less than the pressure in the rear chamber 3, whereby the hammer 2 will begin to move forward and strike the housing 1 in the extreme position. Under the action of this impact the device moves forward, the sleeve 7 moves forward when the device moves forward hose 11. T The driving force is transmitted to the pipe 7. The device shown in FIG. 3, 4, works the same. Sleeve 7 overlaps Hole 17 and air distribution is performed by the extreme edges of sleeve 7 and nozzle 6. To reverse the travel of the device, it is necessary to cut off the supply of compressed air. Under the pressure of the spring 9, the sleeve 7 is set to the extreme forward position. The hole 14 of the pipe 6 is blocked by the sleeve 7. The hole 10 of the sleeve 7 goes into the annular cavity 8. The sleeve 7 either opens the hole 17 of the pipe 6, or together with the pipe forms a channel 16. When compressed air is fed into the hose 11, and hence in the back chamber 3 and into p: the die cavity 8, the striker moves forward until its windows 4 cross the front edge of the nozzle 6 or the edge of the window 17. Air from the annular chamber 8 through the channel 16 (window 17) and window 4 of the drummer 2 enters the front chamber 5. Thanks to the larger working area of the drummer sides of the anterior chamber, rather than from the rear, the hammer 2 starts to move rearwardly. Shock on the body does not occur. After the drummer 2 comes to the extreme rear position, it will strike the nut 13, thereby moving the device back. Sleeve 7 puskht hose 11 back. The resistance force resulting from the frictional force of the rpyiw hose contributes to keeping the sleeve 7 in the extreme forward position. At the rearmost side, the striker w 2 is positioned; its window 4 extends beyond the front end edge of the nozzle 6 and thereby communicates the front chamber 5 with the atmosphere. By air pressure in the rear chamber 3, the striker moves forward. The cycle is repeated.

Such an embodiment of the device allows reducing the dimensions of the device and increasing the reliability of its operation.

Claims (3)

1. A reversal percussion device for punching wells in, including a housing, a hammer with a cavity in the tail section, which forms the front working chamber with the housing, a stepped nozzle fixed in the tail part of the hull, a stepped sleeve movable relative to the nozzle, and having an annular chamber between them, with the drummer they form a rear working chamber, characterized in that increasing the reliability of the device and reducing its dimensions with constant energy shocks; the front annular chamber of the channel is periodically communicating during the return stroke of the device, 2, the device according to claim 1, in which the channel through which the front and annular chambers communicate during the return stroke of the device is formed by the end surfaces of the sleeve and the spigot. 3. Device pop. 1, characterized by the fact that the channel, by which the front and annular chambers communicate with the return stroke of the device, is made in a larger step of the nozzle. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Patent of Germany N 2340751, cl. 5 a 7/00, pub. 1974. Author's certificate of the USSR in application N 1871795, cl. EOE P 5/18 (prototype).  J / 7 /// 77l7T7Z. 7 I - Y5 / 56L X-JJX, $ | Lb and 3