SU738192A1 - Image signal shaping device - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR FORMING AN IMAGE SIGNAL

The invention relates to television technology and can be used to generate static and dynamic test images, tables, headpieces, displacement figures, text and icon images, as well as in special systems that simulate game situations, to display information on black and white and color indicators. television type. A device for generating an image signal is known, comprising synchro curtains, the first output of which is connected to the inputs of the imaging signal generator and the static image signal generator, the control unit, the output of which is connected to the control input of the static image signal generator, and the QA analogue converter 1, However, the known device has the following disadvantages: limited capabilities at the formation of moving images, as it does not provide complex types of sweeps on a raster with a change of direction and speed} 6x: news and lack of efficiency in the formation of symbolic images (inscriptions, digital marks, time signals, etc.); insufficient distinguishability and, consequently, insufficient efficiency in distributing sign information on the background of changing or moving color images. The invention is an extension of the range of image formation. For this, the device for generating an image signal containing an generator, the first output of which is connected to the inputs of the signal generator of the sign images and the static image generator, the control unit, the output of which is connected to the control input of the signal generator of static images, and q (=) analogue converter , a controllable frequency divider, a driver of dynamic image signals are introduced. signals, a frame displacement signal generator, a logic unit, a signal transcoding matrix, and a time counter, the first and second outputs of the synchronous generator, both directly and through a controlled frequency divider, are connected to the inputs of the signal generator corresponding in parallel to 1) images and the imager of the signals of the frame displacement figures, the outputs of which, and the output of the signal generator of static images are connected to the corresponding three inputs of the log. its control input and parallel connected control inputs of the dynamic image signal generator, the frame displacement signal generator, the sign signal imaging unit, the controlled frequency divider and the time counter are connected to the output of the control block, the output logical block through the matrix of the signal transcoding signal is connected to the input of a digital-to-analog converter, the second output of the clock generator is connected to the synchronization input of the time sample counter a, .kotorogo first output connected to the second input signal yurmirovatel} iconic izofazheny whose output is connected to the second input of the matrix peroxide dirovki luminance signal, and the second time sample counter output coupled to an input of the control unit. The drawing shows a block diagram of the device. The device contains a sync generator 1, a shaper 2 signal generator, a shaper 3 of a static image signal, a control block 4, a digital-to-analog converter 5, a controlled frequency divider 6, a shaper of 7 dynamic image signals, a shaper of 8 frame displacement signals, a logical block 9, a matrix 1O fast transcoding. The signal and counter 11 are timed. The device operates as follows. Synchronous generator 1 generates linearly increasing horizontal and vertical sampling functions: - digital sweep functions that are used in the synchronous generator circuit for generating synchronization and blanking signals and at the same time in ({yrmirozhatel x 2 , 3, 7, and 8, respectively, of signals of sign, static, and dynamic images and frame displacement figures as primary (reference) signals for shaping the Shaper 2 signals of symbolic images are built according to a two-step scheme, in which the methods of mathematical logic based on the digital sweep functions (CRR) of the synchro-generator first form signs (letters, numbers, special signs, etc.), as well as horizontal and vertical coordinates of these signs on the raster and then, by implementing for each sign of the operation of the conjunction for the three variables and the subsequent thin disjunction of the obtained expressions, a signal of the text elements of the image is formed (hypothesis, digital marks, signals of th time, etc.). At the same time, for synthesizing signs, CRD of lower-order bits are used, and for synthesis of coordinates of older bits, Shaper 3 of static image signals using the SRRF of a synchronous generator generates a wide nomenclature of still test images, which allow for comprehensive testing and fine-tuning of modern color and black -white video- tropic; devices and television receivers. Such signals can be sipnal of mesh, dotted or checkerboard fields, color bars, color mosaics, gradation wedges, circles, circles, and finally, elephant images in the form of electronic test tables (EIT). The synthesized 3 imagers are constructed from a set of simpler images, such as vertical and horizontal lines of various widths, as well as rectangles and squares formed by Perese-. These lines, including the elements of the dotted field and rectangular areas used to form the EIT line, and the dimensions of the rectangles on the television raster are determined by the frequency of the low-order discretization functions that form them, and the number of them on the raster is determined by the frequency of the high-resolution discretization functions Yes. Shaper 3 of a signal of static images like shaper 2 is expediently performed according to a two-step scheme, in which the main test images are first formed, by the scientific research institute, and then the combined images and EIT are produced on an IR basis, as well as the selection of images. To obtain both simple and flexible (allowing easy changing of textual information on a raster or a type of test image test) of the circuit structure of the formers 2 and 3, the most appropriate element base for performing the first steps of these blocks are permanent storage devices (ROM) in the form of large . integrated circuits. It is advisable to perform the second stages of the driver using digital signal switches and logic addition circuits. shaper 7 of the dynamic image signals generates test images that can move on the raster in any direction and at different speeds. These images can have a special shape or, in a number of cases, repeat the images of the imaging unit 3. Moving images make it easy to detect small geometric distortions of the TV raster, which are difficult to detect when using still test images. Therefore, their application is effective. in systems where the detection of geometrical 1 distortions is most important, for example, in measuring devices with display of measurement results on a TV raster in analog form or in special TV systems for scientific research. These images are also necessary for analyzing signal distortions in current and future digital television systems. Finally, moving pictures, depending on their configuration, can be used as screensavers and background images for a TV broadcast. Shaper 7 of the dynamic image signals is also performed as shaper 3, but unlike the latter, the primary signals in the shaping circuits are: TFR of its own frequency divider, whose construction, the number of bits and the clock frequency at the input are similar to the frequency divider torus generator 1. The binary bits of the divider 6 frequencies, forming horizontal and vertical discretization 11РФ, are set to a certain initial position, respectively, in the backward and backward intervals Adrov sweep. In this case, the 11РФ and the signals formed on their basis are rigidly connected by the ro phase with the synchronization signal. To move the image on the raster, it is necessary to change the setting code of the frequency divider bits in one direction or another with a certain clock frequency. By changing the setting codes and clock frequencies in accordance with the 6-bit pattern, you can podchot the image shift in any direction. For changing the setup codes, controlled reversible counters can be used, and for changes in the clock frequency and, accordingly, the speed of moving images, controlled divider 6 is used. Thus, the dynamic imaging signal generator 7 is performed in a three-stage scheme, in which the second one forms the horizontal and vertical sampling FDDs intermixed with respect to the synchronization signals, then test images are formed on their basis and, combined, are synthesized. EIT and image selection. The most expedient element base for performing the control of the south divider 6 often, as well as reversible counters and frequency dividers, their input into the driver circuit 7, are recalculated circuits of medium and high degree of integration. The rest of the blocks ({Wirder 7 is performed similarly to the corresponding shaper 3 blocks. The shaper 8 of the frame displacement figures signals form moving or resizable geometric shapes on the raster - horizontal and vertical stripes, rectangles, triangles, rhombuses, circles, etc. In addition, it forms separate moving lines separating the raster - straight lines, parabolas, snidesoids, etc. These figures are attached for mixing images by slowly displacing one image by another, which can be used in the case of their use as screensavers, background images, etc. In a stud, all the displacement figures, regardless of their complexity, can be generated by digital methods. At that, the former 8 builds an analogue of the former 7. However, some of the figures for the synthesis of which digital

methods require a high-speed ROM and a high degree of integration, not mastered at the present time by industry, it is advisable to form analog or digital-analog methods.

Logic block 9, in accordance with the commands from the control block 4, uses the signals of the formers 3, 7 and 8 in KisnecTBe to synthesize signals based on them, which are a variety of logical and phasic-simple and -simple signals. It can separately pass one or another signal, as well as synthesize disjunctive and conjunctive logical expressions or combinations thereof. Separately missed sigals from formers 3 and 7 are used as test sites, and their combinations can be widely used as screensavers and background images for 1ITB, natural and irregular alternations of color elements and especially their variations can create complex patterns and stunt effects.

The inscriptions synthesized by the shaper 2 character images can occupy an arbitrary position on the raster & e, sometimes intersecting subsets with the background image. Naturally, when displaying characters whose signal corresponds to the white level, on the light areas of the image, the detailed contrast of the inscriptions will be zero or insufficient, which will lead to a deterioration in recognition. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out such a recoding of the signals of the symbolic image of the Institute, in which the inscription on a light background (, Yellow, blue, green) would be black, and on a dark background (purple, red, blue, black) - white. implemented

logic functions in the form of a normally disjunctive form. They are performed by a matrix of 10 loud transcoding. The most appropriate form of logic block 9 and matrix 10 is a ROM in the form of large integrated circuits.

The selection of the operating mode of the proposed device is carried out by the control unit 4. This unit ensures the operation of the device both in the manual control mode and in the automatic mode of image and text information.

of From the output of block 4, the control signals are supplied to the corresponding inputs of the imaging units 2, 3, 7 and 8 image signals, the controlled frequency divider 6, the logic block 9 and the time counter 11. Depending on the program of work set by block 4, the signal generator 2 of the sign of the images synthesizes certain inscriptions and digital marks and places them in certain places of the raster

The control signals determine the selection of images synthesized by the static image generator 3 by the dynamic image generator 7 and the displacement figure signal generator 8, as well as the selection of the type of combination functions generated by logic unit 9, i.e. Ultimately, these signals determine the type of image generated by the device. In addition, they determine the dynamic properties (direction and speed of movement) of moving images and displacement patterns. And, finally, the signals of block 4 control the time counter 11, the countdown, determines its mode of operation.

HR pulses of the digital synchronizing generator 1, whose frequency is equal to 5O Hz, and the frequency stability is determined by the stability of the operation of the quartz oscillator of the driving pulses, are used as those that specify in the circuit of the time counter 11. minute, hour, day. These sequences control the operation of the Digital Switch, which is included in the imager 2 signal circuit of the sign images, and as a result

: A time reference signal that is digitally displayed on a TV raster. Time-dependent signals, depending on the operation mode of counter 11, can be used to record the current time, to fix time intervals (stopwatch), countdown time (starting hours), etc. The time stamps from the output of the counter 11 are also supplied to the input of the control unit 4 and are controlled by its operation in the modes of automatic image change and program operation.

Claims (1)

The shapers of 2, 3, 7, and 8 signals synthesize the signals of the primary colors (R, Q. I B) in the form of multi-digit code combinations. Converting; THESE, combinations into an analog signal of a calibrated level is performed with high accuracy — a digital analog converter 5 The latter, in order to avoid overloading the transmission cable, produces level coding of signals depending on their chromaticity. The range of saturated colors is reduced to 75% of their full span. The sweep of the signals creating the elements of white light remains unchanged. The converter 5 of the set can be made in the form of a ROM. The proposed device, in contrast to the known, has an extended imaging range, i.e. ensures the formation of a wide range of test images (static and dynamic), screensavers and background images due to the wide variety of types of drivers and mainly due to the possibility of mutual combination of their signals; provides wide possibilities and greater efficiency in the formation of: .ignal images (inscriptions, digital marks, etc.); provides good legibility, and therefore, the speed of recognition of character information on the background of changing or moving color images. The invention The device for generating an image signal, comprising a synchro generator, the first output of which is connected to the inputs of the signal generator of the sign images and the static signal generator, the control unit, the output of which is connected to the control input of the static imager, and the D / A converter, o in order to expand the range of imaging, a controlled frequency divider, a shaper of signals amicic images, a frame displacement signal generator, a logic unit, a signal transcoding matrix, and a time counter, the first and second outputs of the clock generator, both directly and through a controlled frequency divider, are connected to corresponding parallel-connected inputs of a dynamic image signal generator and a driver the signals of the i figures of the representation of kadr, whose output and the output of the static image signal generator are connected with the corresponding The inputs of the logic unit, and its control input and parallel connected control inputs of the dynamic imaging signal generator, the frame displacement figures signal generator, the signal output generator, the controlled frequency divider, and the time counter, are connected to the output of the control unit to log block through the matrix transcoding signal is connected to the input of a digital-to-analog converter, the second output of the sihrogenerator is connected to the synchronization input of the counter a time counter, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the signal generator of the sign images, the output of which is connected to the second input of the matrix of the high-frequency transcoding of the signal, and the second input of the time counting counter is connected to the input of the corrugator. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 470830, class .. (5 About K 15/20, 1972 (prototype).