SU735228A1 - Soil-structure improving method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to soil amelioration and can be used in agriculture and forestry, and the same in hydrotechnical and road construction. Methods are known for improving the physical structure of a soil by incorporating synthetic pchpimers of structure-forming agents into it. In order to create a soil structure that is more resistant to water and wind erosion, it is proposed to pretreat the soil with a solution of salt / metal / s 1 before introducing the structure forming lignosulfonates and their derivatives. A method is known to improve the soil physical structure by applying a solution of polyacrylic acid (PAA) sequentially on it and polyethylenimine (PEI) 2. The disadvantage of this method is the slight increase in water resistance of soil aggregates. The aim of the invention is to increase the water content of the soil structure. This is achieved by including in the known method, including the introduction into the soil of aqueous solutions of metal salts and structure-forming agent — lignosulfonates or their derivatives — with the subsequent overhanging (cultivation), the soil is additionally abated with an aqueous solution of polyethylene clay. In addition, the treatment of the polymer with polyethylene imine is carried out at a concentration of 1.0 to E, 0 weight%. Since the pH range of the existence of stable complexes (polyethylenimine with a series of metals (Fe, Cu, etc.) lies within 2–7, this makes it possible to introduce a solution of polyethylene and together with a solution of metal salts. In addition, the joint introduction of a mixture of solutions preferably from a technological point of view (the number of operations for the implementation of the method is reduced, a more even distribution of the reactants over the soil surface is achieved.) The initial concentrations of aqueous solutions of lignosulfonates and their derivatives are 5-30%, polyistylenimine ( .v. 4-10) -1-3%, metal salts 0, 5-1%. As salts metgshlov application Fe etc. is preferable salts.

HopfAi consumption depends on both the type of soil and the problem to be solved (creating a water-resistant structure, combating water and wind erosion, applying the method to drainage backfills).

The increase in water resistance of the soil structure in the presence of polyethyleneimine can be generally attributed to the electrostatic interaction of the catebin polymer with lignosulfonates, which have a pronounced anionic character. As a result of tfiKoro, the interaction proceeds with the deposition of lignosulfonates in the pores of the soil, i.e. transferring them to a solid state ..

It is also necessary to note the role of pbL11Etilenimine as a promoter of jf-WskB hell lignosulfonates to the soil particles. .

The method is carried out as follows.

Aqueous solutions of structured b) ova5yLg 7 air are prepared:) 1 ° S1 and the metal salts of the indicated concentrations in the necessary amounts determined by the consumption rates. The soil is first treated with a mixture of poly ethyleneimine solution with soda metals by spraying over the soil surface and then a solution of lignosulfonates or their derivatives is introduced in the same way. After that, the soil is mixed, for example, with the help of a cultivator. ..T. fixing structureless soils and soils prone to deflation in order to combat water and wind erosion, it is sufficient to consistently apply the solutions. As a result of this treatment, a moisture- and air-permeable film is formed, through which seeds grow without difficulty.

Below are the results of laboratory tests of the method, using the sulfine alcohol bard (PRS) for the property of logosulfonate. Soil aggregates are obtained by mixing ground air and dry ground through a 0.25 mm sieve with solutions of sulphite alcohol stillage + GeSliz and sulphite alcohol stillage + polyethylene imine + FeCl at the optimum structured texture: 26% of the soil weight. Water resistance is determined by wet screening and is characterized by the percentage of water-resistant aggregates.

The results of water resistance measurements are given in Table 1. .. As can be seen from the table, the soil aggregates obtained by the proposed method have a water resistance that is up to 25 times higher than the water strength of soil aggregates obtained in a known manner, with an insignificant consumption of polyethyleneimine (from 0.06 to 0, 35% by weight of soil).

Offer the method not only significantly increases the water resistance of the soil structure, i.e. improves the water-physical properties of the soil, but also contributes to its fertility due to the introduction of macronutrients into the soil in the form of slowly assimilated forms of nitrogen (-NH) and microelements (S, Ca, Fe, etc.).

In addition, preventing the lignosulfonates and their derivatives from being washed away from rain, thawed water, and other waters from the soil surface implies not only the effective use of a structurant, but also reduces the likelihood of environmental pollution by the preparation itself.

Approximate concentrations n of the consumption rate of 40 starting materials depending on the field of application are given in Table 2.

Claims (2)

The claims 50 1. A method of improving the structure of the soil by introducing into it an aqueous solution of metal salts and lignosulfonates or their derivatives with subsequent cultivation, characterized in that, in order to increase the water resistance of the soil structure, the latter is additionally treated with an aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine. 2. The method according to claim 1, with the fact that the soil is treated with polyethyleneimine in a concentration of from 1.0 to 3.0 wt.%.